利用 Python 制作图片轮播应用

在这篇博客中，我将向大家展示如何使用 xPython 创建一个图片轮播应用。这个应用能够从指定文件夹中加载图片，定时轮播，并提供按钮来保存当前图片到收藏夹或仅轮播收藏夹中的图片。我们还将实现退出按钮和全屏显示的功能。
C:\pythoncode\new\pictureinfoldershow.py

环境准备

首先，我们需要安装 wxPython 和 pypubsub：

pip install wxPython pypubsub

import wx
import os
import glob
import random
import xml.etree.ElementTree as ET
from pubsub import pubFAVORITE_FILE = 'favorite.xml'class PhotoFrame(wx.Frame):def __init__(self, parent, title):super(PhotoFrame, self).__init__(parent, title=title, size=(800, 600))self.Bind(wx.EVT_CLOSE, self.on_close)self.Bind(wx.EVT_KEY_DOWN, self.on_key_down)self.panel = wx.Panel(self)self.imageCtrl = wx.StaticBitmap(self.panel)# Button Panelbtn_panel = wx.Panel(self.panel)btn_exit = wx.Button(btn_panel, label="退出")btn_fav = wx.Button(btn_panel, label="保存当前文件到收藏夹")btn_show_fav = wx.Button(btn_panel, label="轮播收藏夹照片")btn_exit.Bind(wx.EVT_BUTTON, self.on_exit_button)btn_fav.Bind(wx.EVT_BUTTON, self.on_fav_button)btn_show_fav.Bind(wx.EVT_BUTTON, self.on_show_fav_button)btn_sizer = wx.BoxSizer(wx.VERTICAL)btn_sizer.Add(btn_exit, 0, wx.ALL, 5)btn_sizer.Add(btn_fav, 0, wx.ALL, 5)btn_sizer.Add(btn_show_fav, 0, wx.ALL, 5)btn_panel.SetSizer(btn_sizer)hbox = wx.BoxSizer(wx.HORIZONTAL)hbox.Add(self.imageCtrl, 1, wx.EXPAND | wx.ALL, 5)hbox.Add(btn_panel, 0, wx.ALIGN_CENTER_VERTICAL | wx.ALL, 5)self.panel.SetSizer(hbox)self.timer = wx.Timer(self)self.Bind(wx.EVT_TIMER, self.on_timer, self.timer)pub.subscribe(self.on_folder_selected, "folder_selected")pub.subscribe(self.on_favorites_selected, "favorites_selected")self.ShowFullScreen(True)self.Centre()def on_close(self, event):self.timer.Stop()self.Destroy()def on_key_down(self, event):keycode = event.GetKeyCode()if keycode == wx.WXK_ESCAPE:self.Close()event.Skip()def on_exit_button(self, event):self.Close()def on_fav_button(self, event):self.save_to_favorites()def on_show_fav_button(self, event):self.show_favorites()def on_timer(self, event):if hasattr(self, 'photos') and self.photos:photo = random.choice(self.photos)self.show_photo(photo)def on_folder_selected(self, folder):self.photos = glob.glob(os.path.join(folder, "*.jpg")) + \glob.glob(os.path.join(folder, "*.png")) + \glob.glob(os.path.join(folder, "*.jpeg"))if self.photos:self.timer.Start(5000)def on_favorites_selected(self):self.photos = self.load_favorites()if self.photos:self.timer.Start(5000)def show_photo(self, photo):self.current_photo = photoimage = wx.Image(photo, wx.BITMAP_TYPE_ANY)screenWidth, screenHeight = self.GetSize()imgWidth, imgHeight = image.GetSize()# 等比例缩放aspectRatio = imgWidth / imgHeightif screenWidth / screenHeight > aspectRatio:newHeight = screenHeightnewWidth = screenHeight * aspectRatioelse:newWidth = screenWidthnewHeight = screenWidth / aspectRatioimage = image.Scale(int(newWidth), int(newHeight), wx.IMAGE_QUALITY_HIGH)self.imageCtrl.SetBitmap(wx.Bitmap(image))self.Layout()def save_to_favorites(self):if not hasattr(self, 'current_photo'):returnroot = ET.Element("favorites")if os.path.exists(FAVORITE_FILE):tree = ET.parse(FAVORITE_FILE)root = tree.getroot()new_entry = ET.SubElement(root, "photo")new_entry.text = self.current_phototree = ET.ElementTree(root)tree.write(FAVORITE_FILE, encoding='utf-8', xml_declaration=True)def load_favorites(self):if not os.path.exists(FAVORITE_FILE):return []tree = ET.parse(FAVORITE_FILE)root = tree.getroot()return [child.text for child in root.findall('photo')]def show_favorites(self):pub.sendMessage("favorites_selected")class FolderSelectorFrame(wx.Frame):def __init__(self, parent, title):super(FolderSelectorFrame, self).__init__(parent, title=title, size=(400, 200))panel = wx.Panel(self)vbox = wx.BoxSizer(wx.VERTICAL)self.folderPicker = wx.DirPickerCtrl(panel, message="选择照片文件夹")vbox.Add(self.folderPicker, proportion=1, flag=wx.EXPAND | wx.ALL, border=10)btn = wx.Button(panel, label="开始轮播")vbox.Add(btn, proportion=0, flag=wx.ALIGN_CENTER | wx.ALL, border=10)btn.Bind(wx.EVT_BUTTON, self.on_start_slideshow)panel.SetSizer(vbox)self.Centre()self.Show()def on_start_slideshow(self, event):folder = self.folderPicker.GetPath()pub.sendMessage("folder_selected", folder=folder)self.Close()class MyApp(wx.App):def OnInit(self):self.selectorFrame = FolderSelectorFrame(None, title="选择文件夹")self.photoFrame = PhotoFrame(None, title="照片轮播")return Trueif __name__ == "__main__":app = MyApp(False)app.MainLoop()

代码实现

我们将实现一个 PhotoFrame 类来展示图片，以及一个 FolderSelectorFrame 类来选择图片文件夹。以下是完整的代码：

import wx
import os
import glob
import random
import xml.etree.ElementTree as ET
from pubsub import pubFAVORITE_FILE = 'favorite.xml'class PhotoFrame(wx.Frame):def __init__(self, parent, title):super(PhotoFrame, self).__init__(parent, title=title, size=(800, 600))self.Bind(wx.EVT_CLOSE, self.on_close)self.Bind(wx.EVT_KEY_DOWN, self.on_key_down)self.panel = wx.Panel(self)self.imageCtrl = wx.StaticBitmap(self.panel)# Button Panelbtn_panel = wx.Panel(self.panel)btn_exit = wx.Button(btn_panel, label="退出")btn_fav = wx.Button(btn_panel, label="保存当前文件到收藏夹")btn_show_fav = wx.Button(btn_panel, label="轮播收藏夹照片")btn_exit.Bind(wx.EVT_BUTTON, self.on_exit_button)btn_fav.Bind(wx.EVT_BUTTON, self.on_fav_button)btn_show_fav.Bind(wx.EVT_BUTTON, self.on_show_fav_button)btn_sizer = wx.BoxSizer(wx.VERTICAL)btn_sizer.Add(btn_exit, 0, wx.ALL, 5)btn_sizer.Add(btn_fav, 0, wx.ALL, 5)btn_sizer.Add(btn_show_fav, 0, wx.ALL, 5)btn_panel.SetSizer(btn_sizer)hbox = wx.BoxSizer(wx.HORIZONTAL)hbox.Add(self.imageCtrl, 1, wx.EXPAND | wx.ALL, 5)hbox.Add(btn_panel, 0, wx.ALIGN_CENTER_VERTICAL | wx.ALL, 5)self.panel.SetSizer(hbox)self.timer = wx.Timer(self)self.Bind(wx.EVT_TIMER, self.on_timer, self.timer)pub.subscribe(self.on_folder_selected, "folder_selected")pub.subscribe(self.on_favorites_selected, "favorites_selected")self.ShowFullScreen(True)self.Centre()def on_close(self, event):self.timer.Stop()self.Destroy()def on_key_down(self, event):keycode = event.GetKeyCode()if keycode == wx.WXK_ESCAPE:self.Close()event.Skip()def on_exit_button(self, event):self.Close()def on_fav_button(self, event):self.save_to_favorites()def on_show_fav_button(self, event):self.show_favorites()def on_timer(self, event):if hasattr(self, 'photos') and self.photos:photo = random.choice(self.photos)self.show_photo(photo)def on_folder_selected(self, folder):self.photos = glob.glob(os.path.join(folder, "*.jpg")) + \glob.glob(os.path.join(folder, "*.png")) + \glob.glob(os.path.join(folder, "*.jpeg"))if self.photos:self.timer.Start(5000)def on_favorites_selected(self):self.photos = self.load_favorites()if self.photos:self.timer.Start(5000)def show_photo(self, photo):self.current_photo = photoimage = wx.Image(photo, wx.BITMAP_TYPE_ANY)screenWidth, screenHeight = self.GetSize()imgWidth, imgHeight = image.GetSize()# 等比例缩放aspectRatio = imgWidth / imgHeightif screenWidth / screenHeight > aspectRatio:newHeight = screenHeightnewWidth = screenHeight * aspectRatioelse:newWidth = screenWidthnewHeight = screenWidth / aspectRatioimage = image.Scale(int(newWidth), int(newHeight), wx.IMAGE_QUALITY_HIGH)self.imageCtrl.SetBitmap(wx.Bitmap(image))self.Layout()def save_to_favorites(self):if not hasattr(self, 'current_photo'):returnroot = ET.Element("favorites")if os.path.exists(FAVORITE_FILE):tree = ET.parse(FAVORITE_FILE)root = tree.getroot()new_entry = ET.SubElement(root, "photo")new_entry.text = self.current_phototree = ET.ElementTree(root)tree.write(FAVORITE_FILE, encoding='utf-8', xml_declaration=True)def load_favorites(self):if not os.path.exists(FAVORITE_FILE):return []tree = ET.parse(FAVORITE_FILE)root = tree.getroot()return [child.text for child in root.findall('photo')]def show_favorites(self):pub.sendMessage("favorites_selected")class FolderSelectorFrame(wx.Frame):def __init__(self, parent, title):super(FolderSelectorFrame, self).__init__(parent, title=title, size=(400, 200))panel = wx.Panel(self)vbox = wx.BoxSizer(wx.VERTICAL)self.folderPicker = wx.DirPickerCtrl(panel, message="选择照片文件夹")vbox.Add(self.folderPicker, proportion=1, flag=wx.EXPAND | wx.ALL, border=10)btn = wx.Button(panel, label="开始轮播")vbox.Add(btn, proportion=0, flag=wx.ALIGN_CENTER | wx.ALL, border=10)btn.Bind(wx.EVT_BUTTON, self.on_start_slideshow)panel.SetSizer(vbox)self.Centre()self.Show()def on_start_slideshow(self, event):folder = self.folderPicker.GetPath()pub.sendMessage("folder_selected", folder=folder)self.Close()class MyApp(wx.App):def OnInit(self):self.selectorFrame = FolderSelectorFrame(None, title="选择文件夹")self.photoFrame = PhotoFrame(None, title="照片轮播")return Trueif __name__ == "__main__":app = MyApp(False)app.MainLoop()

功能实现

1. 选择文件夹：用户可以选择一个包含图片的文件夹，应用将自动开始轮播。
2. 定时轮播：每隔 5 秒钟，应用会自动切换到下一张图片。
3. 全屏显示：应用启动时自动全屏显示图片。
4. 退出功能：按下 ESC 键或点击“退出”按钮可以退出程序。
5. 保存到收藏夹：点击“保存当前文件到收藏夹”按钮，将当前显示的图片路径保存到 favorite.xml 文件。
6. 轮播收藏夹图片：点击“轮播收藏夹照片”按钮，仅轮播 favorite.xml 中保存的图片。

结果如下

总结

本文介绍了如何使用 wxPython 创建一个功能齐全的图片轮播应用。通过 wxPython 的强大功能和灵活的布局管理，我们能够轻松实现图片显示、定时切换、按钮交互和文件操作等功能。希望这篇博客能为你提供一些帮助，让你在 wxPython 的学习和使用过程中有所收获。如果有任何问题或建议，欢迎在评论区留言。