Unity类银河战士恶魔城学习总结（P124 CharacterStats UI玩家的UI）

【Unity教程】从0编程制作类银河恶魔城游戏_哔哩哔哩_bilibili

教程源地址：https://www.udemy.com/course/2d-rpg-alexdev/

本章节实现了玩家属性栏，仓库，物品栏UI的制作

UI_StatSlot.cs

这个脚本是用来在Unity的UI上显示玩家属性（比如生命值或攻击力）的。

1. 显示状态名称：statName用来存储属性名称，比如"Health"。在编辑器中修改这个名字时，它会自动显示在对应的UI文本框里。
2. 显示状态值：statValueText是用来显示这个属性的数值（比如100生命值）。
3. 初始化UI：Start方法会在游戏开始时更新UI，确保显示玩家的正确状态。
4. 动态更新：UpdateStatValueUI方法可以随时调用，更新UI上显示的数值。它会通过PlayerManager找到玩家的属性，然后把这个值显示在UI上。

using System.Collections;
using System.Collections.Generic;
using TMPro;
using UnityEngine;public class UI_StatSlot : MonoBehaviour
{[SerializeField] private string statName;[SerializeField] private StatType statType;[SerializeField] private TextMeshProUGUI statValueText;[SerializeField] private TextMeshProUGUI statNameText;private void OnValidate(){gameObject.name = "Stat - "+ statName;if(statNameText != null)statNameText.text = statName;}void Start(){UpdateStatValueUI();}public void UpdateStatValueUI(){PlayerStats playerStats = PlayerManager.instance.player.GetComponent<PlayerStats>();if(playerStats !=null){statValueText.text = playerStats.GetStat(statType).GetValue().ToString();}}
}

CharacterStats.cs

把状态类型移动到这个脚本

using System.Collections;
using UnityEngine;public enum StatType//枚举 StatType 的定义
{strength,agility,intelligence,vitality,damage,critChance,critPower,health,armor,evasion,magicRes,fireDamage,iceDamage,lightingDamage
}//10月25日
//10月26日
public class CharacterStats : MonoBehaviour
{private EntityFX fx;[Header("主属性")]public Stat strength;//力量，1点增加1攻击力和%1爆伤public Stat agility;//敏捷，1点增加1%闪避和%1暴击率public Stat intelligence;//智力，1点增加1法术强度和%1魔抗public Stat vitality;//活力，1点增加3生命值[Header("攻击属性")]//offensive statspublic Stat damage;public Stat critChance;//暴击率public Stat critPower;//暴击伤害,默认%150[Header("防守属性")]//defensive statspublic Stat maxHealth;public Stat armor;//护甲public Stat evasion;//闪避public Stat magicResistance;//魔抗[Header("魔法属性")]//magic statspublic Stat fireDamage;public Stat iceDamage;public Stat lightningDamage;public bool isIgnited;//是否燃烧,持续伤害public bool isChilled;//是否冻结，削弱护甲20%public bool isShocked;//是否感电，减少命中率20%[SerializeField] private float ailmentsDuration = 4;//异常状态持续时间private float ignitedTimer;private float chilledTimer;private float shockedTimer;private float igniteDamageCoolDown = .3f;//燃烧伤害间隔时间private float igniteDamageTimer;//燃烧伤害计时器private int igniteDamage;//燃烧伤害[SerializeField] private GameObject shockStrikePrefab;private int shockDamage;public int currentHealth;public System.Action onHealthChanged;public bool isDead { get; private set; }protected virtual void Start(){critPower.SetDefaultValue(150);//暴击伤害默认150%currentHealth = GetMaxHealthValue();//一开始血条满的fx = GetComponent<EntityFX>();}protected virtual void Update(){ignitedTimer -= Time.deltaTime;//燃烧时间减少chilledTimer -= Time.deltaTime;shockedTimer -= Time.deltaTime;igniteDamageTimer -= Time.deltaTime;//燃烧伤害计时器减少if (ignitedTimer < 0)isIgnited = false;if (chilledTimer < 0)isChilled = false;if (shockedTimer < 0)isShocked = false;if (isIgnited)ApplyIgniteDamage();}public virtual void IncreaseStatBy(int _modifier, float _duration, Stat _statToModify){StartCoroutine(StatModCoruntine(_modifier, _duration, _statToModify));}private IEnumerator StatModCoruntine(int _modifier, float _duration, Stat _statToModify)//加buff的协程{_statToModify.AddModifier(_modifier);//添加一个buffyield return new WaitForSeconds(_duration);_statToModify.RemoveModifier(_modifier);//移除一个buff}public virtual void DoDamage(CharacterStats _targetStats)//只是一次物理攻击{if (TargetCanAvoidAttack(_targetStats))return;int totalDamage = damage.GetValue() + strength.GetValue();if (Cancrit()){//Debug.Log("Crit Hit");totalDamage = CalculateCriticalDamage(totalDamage);//Debug.Log(" 总的暴击伤害是"+ totalDamage);//Total crit damage is}totalDamage = CheckTargetArmor(_targetStats, totalDamage);_targetStats.TakeDamage(totalDamage);//把造成的给到继承CharacterStats的类DoMagicDamage(_targetStats);//如果普通攻击不想要魔法伤害移除}#region Magic Damage and ailmentspublic virtual void DoMagicDamage(CharacterStats _targetStats)//只是一次魔法攻击{int _fireDamage = fireDamage.GetValue();int _iceDamage = iceDamage.GetValue();int _lightningDamage = lightningDamage.GetValue();int totalMagicalDamage = _fireDamage + _iceDamage + _lightningDamage + intelligence.GetValue();totalMagicalDamage = CheckTargetResistance(_targetStats, totalMagicalDamage);_targetStats.TakeDamage(totalMagicalDamage);//把造成的给到继承CharacterStats的类//importantif (Mathf.Max(_fireDamage, _iceDamage, _lightningDamage) <= 0)//可以保证下面的while循环不会无限循环return;AttempToApplyAilements(_targetStats, _fireDamage, _iceDamage, _lightningDamage);}private void AttempToApplyAilements(CharacterStats _targetStats, int _fireDamage, int _iceDamage, int _lightningDamage){//判断魔法伤害类型bool canApplyIgnite = _fireDamage > _iceDamage && _fireDamage > _lightningDamage;bool canApplyChill = _iceDamage > _fireDamage && _iceDamage > _lightningDamage;bool canApplyShock = _lightningDamage > _fireDamage && _lightningDamage > _iceDamage;while (!canApplyIgnite && !canApplyChill && !canApplyShock){//三个if同时判断大小，可以完成一个随机属性伤害的bossif (Random.value < .33f && _fireDamage > 0)//Random.value用于生成一个介于 0.0 和 1.0 之间的随机浮点数{canApplyIgnite = true;_targetStats.ApplyAilments(canApplyIgnite, canApplyChill, canApplyShock);//Debug.Log("ignited" );return;}if (Random.value < .5f && _lightningDamage > 0){canApplyShock = true;_targetStats.ApplyAilments(canApplyIgnite, canApplyChill, canApplyShock);//Debug.Log("shocked" );return;}if (Random.value < .99f && _iceDamage > 0){canApplyChill = true;_targetStats.ApplyAilments(canApplyIgnite, canApplyChill, canApplyShock);//Debug.Log("iced" );return;}}if (canApplyIgnite){_targetStats.SetupIgniteDamage(Mathf.RoundToInt(_fireDamage * .2f));}if (canApplyShock){_targetStats.SetupShockDamage(Mathf.RoundToInt(_lightningDamage * .1f));}_targetStats.ApplyAilments(canApplyIgnite, canApplyChill, canApplyShock);}public void ApplyAilments(bool _ignite, bool _chill, bool _shock)//应用异常状态{bool canApplyIgnite = !isIgnited && !isChilled && !isShocked;bool canApplyChill = !isIgnited && !isChilled && !isShocked;bool canApplyShock = !isIgnited && !isChilled;//没有其他异常状态才能进入一个异常状态//if (isIgnited || isChilled || isShocked)//如果进入一个异常状态就不能进入其他状态了//    return;if (_ignite && canApplyIgnite){isIgnited = _ignite;ignitedTimer = ailmentsDuration;fx.IgniteFxFor(ailmentsDuration);}if (_chill && canApplyChill){isChilled = _chill;chilledTimer = ailmentsDuration;float slowPercentage = .2f;//减速百分比GetComponent<Entity>().SlowEntityBy(slowPercentage, ailmentsDuration);//减速20%fx.ChillFxFor(ailmentsDuration);}if (_shock && canApplyShock){if (!isShocked){ApplyShock(_shock);}else{if (GetComponent<Player>() != null)//防止敌人打玩家自己被电return;HitNearsetTargerWithShockStrike();}}}public void ApplyShock(bool _shock){if (isShocked)//已经进入感电就不如再次进入return;isShocked = _shock;shockedTimer = ailmentsDuration;fx.ShockFxFor(ailmentsDuration);}private void HitNearsetTargerWithShockStrike(){Collider2D[] colliders = Physics2D.OverlapCircleAll(transform.position, 25);//碰撞体检测周围的敌人float closestDistance = Mathf.Infinity;Transform closestEnemy = null;foreach (var hit in colliders){if (hit.GetComponent<Enemy>() != null && Vector2.Distance(transform.position, hit.transform.position) > 1)//如果是敌人并且不是自己，防止自己被电{float distanceToEnemy = Vector2.Distance(transform.position, hit.transform.position);if (distanceToEnemy < closestDistance){closestDistance = distanceToEnemy;closestEnemy = hit.transform;}}if (closestEnemy == null)closestEnemy = transform;}//寻找最近的敌人然后雷击if (closestEnemy != null){GameObject newShockStrike = Instantiate(shockStrikePrefab, transform.position, Quaternion.identity);newShockStrike.GetComponent<ShockStrike_Controller>().Setup(shockDamage, closestEnemy.GetComponent<CharacterStats>());}}//闪电攻击附近的目标private void ApplyIgniteDamage(){if (igniteDamageTimer < 0){DecreaseHealthBy(igniteDamage);//currentHealth -= igniteDamage;if (currentHealth < 0 && !isDead)Die();igniteDamageTimer = igniteDamageCoolDown;}}public void SetupIgniteDamage(int _damage) => igniteDamage = _damage;//设置燃烧伤害public void SetupShockDamage(int _damage) => shockDamage = _damage;//设置感电伤害#endregionpublic virtual void TakeDamage(int _damage)//造成伤害函数，返回伤害值{DecreaseHealthBy(_damage);GetComponent<Entity>().DamageImpact();fx.StartCoroutine("FlashFX");Debug.Log(_damage);if (currentHealth < 0 && !isDead)Die();//人被杀就会死}public virtual void IncreaseHealthBy(int _amount)//加血函数{currentHealth += _amount;if (currentHealth > GetMaxHealthValue())currentHealth = GetMaxHealthValue();if (onHealthChanged != null)onHealthChanged();}protected virtual void DecreaseHealthBy(int _damage)//受到伤害的数值变化{currentHealth -= _damage;if (onHealthChanged != null)onHealthChanged();}protected virtual void Die(){isDead = true;}#region Stat calculationsprivate int CheckTargetResistance(CharacterStats _targetStats, int totalMagicalDamage)//计算魔法伤害（魔抗{totalMagicalDamage -= _targetStats.magicResistance.GetValue() + (_targetStats.intelligence.GetValue() * 3);//减去魔抗值totalMagicalDamage = Mathf.Clamp(totalMagicalDamage, 0, int.MaxValue);//Clamp限制血量数值return totalMagicalDamage;}private int CheckTargetArmor(CharacterStats _targetStats, int totalDamage)//计算物理伤害（护甲{if (_targetStats.isChilled)totalDamage -= Mathf.RoundToInt(_targetStats.armor.GetValue() * .8f);//减去对方的护甲值elsetotalDamage -= _targetStats.armor.GetValue();//减去对方的护甲值totalDamage = Mathf.Clamp(totalDamage, 0, int.MaxValue);//最小值是0，最大值是int.MaxValue,防止别人打我加血return totalDamage;}private bool TargetCanAvoidAttack(CharacterStats _targetStats)//检测闪避{int totalEvasion = _targetStats.evasion.GetValue() + _targetStats.agility.GetValue();//总的闪避率if (isShocked)totalEvasion += 20;if (Random.Range(0, 100) < totalEvasion){Debug.Log("Attack Avoided");return true;}return false;}private bool Cancrit()//暴击检测{int totalCritChance = critChance.GetValue() + agility.GetValue();//总的暴击率if (Random.Range(0, 100) < totalCritChance){return true;}return false;}private int CalculateCriticalDamage(int _damage)//计算爆伤{float totalCritPower = (critPower.GetValue() + strength.GetValue()) * .01f;//Debug.Log("总的暴击率: " + totalCritPower);//total crit powerfloat critDamage = _damage * totalCritPower;//Debug.Log("取整之后的爆伤" + critDamage);//crit damage before round upreturn Mathf.RoundToInt(critDamage);}public int GetMaxHealthValue(){return maxHealth.GetValue() + vitality.GetValue() * 5;}//获取最大生命值#endregionpublic Stat GetStat(StatType _statType)//根据 buffType 返回需要修改的属性{if (_statType == StatType.strength) return strength;else if (_statType == StatType.agility) return agility;else if (_statType == StatType.intelligence) return intelligence;else if (_statType == StatType.vitality) return vitality;else if (_statType == StatType.damage) return damage;else if (_statType == StatType.critChance) return critChance;else if (_statType == StatType.critPower) return critPower;else if (_statType == StatType.health) return maxHealth;else if (_statType == StatType.armor) return armor;else if (_statType == StatType.evasion) return evasion;else if (_statType == StatType.magicRes) return magicResistance;else if (_statType == StatType.fireDamage) return fireDamage;else if (_statType == StatType.iceDamage) return iceDamage;else if (_statType == StatType.lightingDamage) return lightningDamage;else return null;}
}

Buff_Effect.cs

using UnityEngine;//2024年11月11日[CreateAssetMenu(fileName = "Buff Effect", menuName = "Data/Item effect/Buff effect")]
public class Buff_Effect : ItemEffect
{private PlayerStats stats;[SerializeField] private StatType buffType;// Buff 的类型[SerializeField] private int buffAmount; // Buff 的增加量[SerializeField] private float buffDuration;// Buff 持续时间public override void ExcuteEffect(Transform _enemyPositon){stats = PlayerManager.instance.player.GetComponent<PlayerStats>();//相当于获得了CharacterStats的引用stats.IncreaseStatBy(buffAmount, buffDuration, stats.GetStat(buffType));}
}

Inventory.cs

更新部分

      [SerializeField] private Transform statSlotParent;private UI_StatSlot[] statSlot;private void Start()//初始实例化{inventoryItems = new List<InventoryItem>();inventoryDictionary = new Dictionary<ItemData, InventoryItem>();stash = new List<InventoryItem>();stashDictionary = new Dictionary<ItemData, InventoryItem>();equipment = new List<InventoryItem>();equipmentDictionary = new Dictionary<ItemData_Equipment, InventoryItem>();//同时获取UI中对应的物品槽//获得起始的脚本inventoryItemSlot = inventorySlotParent.GetComponentsInChildren<UI_ItemSlot>();stashItemSlot = stashSlotParent.GetComponentsInChildren<UI_ItemSlot>();equipmentSlot = equipmentSlotParent.GetComponentsInChildren<UI_EquipmentSlot>();statSlot = statSlotParent.GetComponentsInChildren<UI_StatSlot>();AddStartingItems();}

using System.Collections.Generic;
using UnityEngine;//放在创建仓库的empyty对象上，就是仓库的运行函数
public class Inventory : MonoBehaviour
{public static Inventory instance;//单例模式public List<ItemData> startingItems;//初始装备//两种关键的存贮结构//List：存储玩家的装备、仓库物品、储藏室物品等//Dictionary：存储每个物品的数据以及物品在仓库中的具体信息，例如物品的堆叠数量public List<InventoryItem> equipment;public Dictionary<ItemData_Equipment, InventoryItem> equipmentDictionary;public List<InventoryItem> inventoryItems;public Dictionary<ItemData, InventoryItem> inventoryDictionary;public List<InventoryItem> stash;public Dictionary<ItemData, InventoryItem> stashDictionary;//UI物品槽管理：通过以下代码将游戏中的物品槽和UI界面上的物品槽关联起来[Header("仓库UI")]//Inventory UI[SerializeField] private Transform inventorySlotParent;//位置[SerializeField] private Transform stashSlotParent;[SerializeField] private Transform equipmentSlotParent;[SerializeField] private Transform statSlotParent;//物品和材料的存贮位置分开private UI_ItemSlot[] inventoryItemSlot;private UI_ItemSlot[] stashItemSlot;//储藏室private UI_EquipmentSlot[] equipmentSlot;//装备private UI_StatSlot[] statSlot;[Header("物品冷却")]private float lastTimeUsedFlask;private float lastTimeUsedArmor;//P122解决一开始不能用物品的问题，因为一开始冷却被赋值，使用了currentFlask.itemCoolDownprivate float flaskCoolDown;private float armorCoolDown;private void Awake(){if (instance == null)instance = this;elseDestroy(gameObject);//防止从一个地方到另一个地方}private void Start()//初始实例化{inventoryItems = new List<InventoryItem>();inventoryDictionary = new Dictionary<ItemData, InventoryItem>();stash = new List<InventoryItem>();stashDictionary = new Dictionary<ItemData, InventoryItem>();equipment = new List<InventoryItem>();equipmentDictionary = new Dictionary<ItemData_Equipment, InventoryItem>();//同时获取UI中对应的物品槽//获得起始的脚本inventoryItemSlot = inventorySlotParent.GetComponentsInChildren<UI_ItemSlot>();stashItemSlot = stashSlotParent.GetComponentsInChildren<UI_ItemSlot>();equipmentSlot = equipmentSlotParent.GetComponentsInChildren<UI_EquipmentSlot>();statSlot = statSlotParent.GetComponentsInChildren<UI_StatSlot>();AddStartingItems();}private void AddStartingItems()//添加初始物品{for (int i = 0; i < startingItems.Count; i++){AddItem(startingItems[i]);}}public void EquipItem(ItemData _item)//把一个物品装备到角色身上{ItemData_Equipment newEquipment = _item as ItemData_Equipment;//把 _item 对象转换为 ItemData_Equipment 类型,表示它是一个装备物品InventoryItem newItem = new InventoryItem(newEquipment); //把 ItemData 对象转换为 InventoryItem 对象ItemData_Equipment oldEquipment = null;//要删除的物品foreach (KeyValuePair<ItemData_Equipment, InventoryItem> item in equipmentDictionary)//遍历装备字典{if (item.Key.equipmentType == newEquipment.equipmentType)//如果装备类型相同oldEquipment = item.Key;//删除该装备}if (oldEquipment != null){UnequipItem(oldEquipment);AddItem(oldEquipment);//把要删除的物品放回仓库}equipment.Add(newItem);equipmentDictionary.Add(newEquipment, newItem);newEquipment.AddModifiers();//添加装备属性RemoveItem(_item);UpdataSlotsUI();}public void UnequipItem(ItemData_Equipment itemToRemove)//移除装备函数{if (equipmentDictionary.TryGetValue(itemToRemove, out InventoryItem value)){equipment.Remove(value);equipmentDictionary.Remove(itemToRemove);itemToRemove.RemoveModifiers();}}private void UpdataSlotsUI()//更新UI物体的数量{// 更新装备槽for (int i = 0; i < equipmentSlot.Length; i++)//将装备物品槽与一个装备字典中的物品进行匹配，并根据匹配结果更新物品槽的内容{foreach (KeyValuePair<ItemData_Equipment, InventoryItem> item in equipmentDictionary)//遍历装备字典{if (item.Key.equipmentType == equipmentSlot[i].slotType)//这个条件用于确保物品能放入正确的槽位中equipmentSlot[i].UpdataSlot(item.Value);}}// 清空并更新仓库和储藏室的物品槽for (int i = 0; i < inventoryItemSlot.Length; i++)//仓库物品槽{inventoryItemSlot[i].CleanUpSlot();}for (int i = 0; i < stashItemSlot.Length; i++)//储藏室中的物品槽{stashItemSlot[i].CleanUpSlot();}// 重新填充仓库和储藏室for (int i = 0; i < inventoryItems.Count; i++){inventoryItemSlot[i].UpdataSlot(inventoryItems[i]);}for (int i = 0; i < stash.Count; i++){stashItemSlot[i].UpdataSlot(stash[i]);}//更新属性槽for (int i = 0; i < statSlot.Length; i++){statSlot[i].UpdateStatValueUI();}}public void AddItem(ItemData _item)//据物品类型，将物品添加到仓库（inventory）或者储藏室（stash）{if (_item.itemType == ItemType.Equipment){AddToInventory(_item);}else if (_item.itemType == ItemType.Material){AddToStash(_item);}UpdataSlotsUI();}private void AddToStash(ItemData _item){if (stashDictionary.TryGetValue(_item, out InventoryItem value)){value.AddStack();}else{InventoryItem newItem = new InventoryItem(_item);stash.Add(newItem);stashDictionary.Add(_item, newItem);}}private void AddToInventory(ItemData _item){if (inventoryDictionary.TryGetValue(_item, out InventoryItem value))//字典中检查仓库中是否有这个物品，具体查找的是ItemData，out InventoryItem value如果找，返回与该键相关联的值{value.AddStack();//如果物品已经存在于库存中，则增加其堆叠数量}else{InventoryItem newItem = new InventoryItem(_item);//如果物品不存在，则创建一个新的 InventoryIteminventoryItems.Add(newItem);inventoryDictionary.Add(_item, newItem);}}//检查物品是否已经在仓库里，如果存在则增加堆叠数量，如果不存在则创建新的物品对象并加入仓库public void RemoveItem(ItemData _item){if (inventoryDictionary.TryGetValue(_item, out InventoryItem value)){if (value.stackSize <= 1){inventoryItems.Remove(value);inventoryDictionary.Remove(_item);}else{value.RemoveStack();}}if (stashDictionary.TryGetValue(_item, out InventoryItem stashValue)){if (stashValue.stackSize <= 1)//如果物品的堆叠数量小于等于1，则从库存中删除该物品{stash.Remove(stashValue);stashDictionary.Remove(_item);}else{stashValue.RemoveStack();//否则就减少堆寨数量}}UpdataSlotsUI();}public bool CanCraft(ItemData_Equipment _itemToCraft, List<InventoryItem> _requiredMaterials)//判断是否可以合成的函数{List<InventoryItem> materialsToRemove = new List<InventoryItem>();for (int i = 0; i < _requiredMaterials.Count; i++){if (stashDictionary.TryGetValue(_requiredMaterials[i].data, out InventoryItem stashValue))//如果储藏室中没有所需材料{if (stashValue.stackSize < _requiredMaterials[i].stackSize)//数量是否足够{Debug.Log("没有足够的材料");return false;}else{materialsToRemove.Add(stashValue);}}else{Debug.Log("没有足够的材料");return false;}}for (int i = 0; i < materialsToRemove.Count; i++)//使用了就从临时仓库中移除{RemoveItem(materialsToRemove[i].data);}AddItem(_itemToCraft);Debug.Log("这里是你的物品" + _itemToCraft.name);return true;}public List<InventoryItem> GetEquipmentList() => equipment;//获取装备列表public List<InventoryItem> GetStashList() => stash;//获取仓库列表public ItemData_Equipment GetEquipment(EquipmentType _type)//获取装备{ItemData_Equipment equipedItem = null;foreach (KeyValuePair<ItemData_Equipment, InventoryItem> item in equipmentDictionary)//遍历装备字典{if (item.Key.equipmentType == _type)//如果装备类型相同equipedItem = item.Key;//删除该装备}return equipedItem;}public void UseFlask()//使用药水的函数{ItemData_Equipment currentFlask = GetEquipment(EquipmentType.Flask);//获取当前的药水if (currentFlask == null)return;bool canUseFlask = Time.time > lastTimeUsedFlask + flaskCoolDown;//判断是否可以使用药水if (canUseFlask){flaskCoolDown = currentFlask.itemCoolDown;//重置冷却时间,一开始就可以使用物品currentFlask.Effect(null);lastTimeUsedFlask = Time.time;}elseDebug.Log("药水冷却中");}public bool CanUseArmor(){ItemData_Equipment currentArmor = GetEquipment(EquipmentType.Armor);//获取当前装备的护甲信息。if (Time.time > lastTimeUsedArmor + armorCoolDown){//更新冷却时间和使用时间armorCoolDown = currentArmor.itemCoolDown;lastTimeUsedArmor = Time.time;return true;}Debug.Log("护甲正在冷却中");return false;}//private void Updata()//{//    Debug.Log(Time.time);//}
}