Oracle Dataguard（主库为单节点）配置详解（4）：将主库复制到备库并启动同步
Oracle Dataguard（主库为单节点）配置详解（4）：将主库复制到备库并启动同步
目录
- Oracle Dataguard（主库为单节点）配置详解（4）：将主库复制到备库并启动同步
- 一、在主库执行备份操作
- 1、在主库创建备份目录
- 2、使用 RMAN 命令全备数据库
- 二、把备份文件复制到备库
- 1、在备库上创建存放备份文件的目录
- 2、把主库的备份文件复制到备库
- 3、查看备库中的主库备份文件
- 三、在备库上恢复数据库
- 1、启动数据库到 nomount
- 2、启动 rman，恢复控制文件，启动数据库到 mount
- 3、查看控制文件中的数据文件与临时文件信息
- 4、开始恢复数据库
- 5、数据库恢复完成，修改日志文件
- 6、启动数据库
- 四、开启实时同步
- 1、开启实时同步
- 2、查看备库进程
- 3、查看主库进程信息
- 4、查看备库信息
- 5、查看主库信息
- 五、数据同步验证
- 1、在主库执行以下 SQL
- 2、在备库执行以下 SQL查询数据
一、在主库执行备份操作
1、在主库创建备份目录
[oracle@ora dbs]$ mkdir /home/oracle/bak0101
[oracle@ora dbs]$ ll /home/oracle/
总用量 76
drwxr-xr-x 2 oracle oinstall 6 1月 1 19:48 bak0101
-rwxr-xr-x 1 oracle oinstall 44551 12月 30 21:44 dbca.rsp
-rw-r--r-- 1 oracle oinstall 25283 12月 30 21:12 db_install.rsp
drwxr-xr-x 3 oracle oinstall 114 12月 30 20:52 soft
-rw-r--r-- 1 oracle oinstall 1386 1月 1 17:31 spfile1231.ora
2、使用 RMAN 命令全备数据库
（1）设置备份参数：备份到磁盘，使用 6 个通道
RMAN> configure device type disk parallelism 6 backup type to backupset;using target database control file instead of recovery catalog
new RMAN configuration parameters:
CONFIGURE DEVICE TYPE DISK PARALLELISM 6 BACKUP TYPE TO BACKUPSET;
new RMAN configuration parameters are successfully stored
（2）设置备份参数：设置备份文件的位置及文件名格式
RMAN> configure channel device type disk format '/home/oracle/bak0101/%d_%I_%s_%p_%T.bkp';new RMAN configuration parameters:
CONFIGURE CHANNEL DEVICE TYPE DISK FORMAT '/home/oracle/bak0101/%d_%I_%s_%p_%T.bkp';
new RMAN configuration parameters are successfully stored
（3）备份控制文件
-- 备份成 standby 类型的控制文件
RMAN> backup current controlfile for standby format ='/home/oracle/bak0101/control_bak_%s.bak';Starting backup at 01-JAN-25
allocated channel: ORA_DISK_1
channel ORA_DISK_1: SID=40 device type=DISK
allocated channel: ORA_DISK_2
channel ORA_DISK_2: SID=44 device type=DISK
allocated channel: ORA_DISK_3
channel ORA_DISK_3: SID=38 device type=DISK
allocated channel: ORA_DISK_4
channel ORA_DISK_4: SID=43 device type=DISK
allocated channel: ORA_DISK_5
channel ORA_DISK_5: SID=1 device type=DISK
allocated channel: ORA_DISK_6
channel ORA_DISK_6: SID=42 device type=DISK
channel ORA_DISK_1: starting full datafile backup set
channel ORA_DISK_1: specifying datafile(s) in backup set
including standby control file in backup set
channel ORA_DISK_1: starting piece 1 at 01-JAN-25
channel ORA_DISK_1: finished piece 1 at 01-JAN-25
piece handle=/home/oracle/bak0101/control_bak_12.bak tag=TAG20250101T205548 comment=NONE
channel ORA_DISK_1: backup set complete, elapsed time: 00:00:01
Finished backup at 01-JAN-25
（4）备份数据库
RMAN> backup as compressed backupset database;Starting backup at 01-JAN-25
using channel ORA_DISK_1
using channel ORA_DISK_2
using channel ORA_DISK_3
using channel ORA_DISK_4
using channel ORA_DISK_5
using channel ORA_DISK_6
channel ORA_DISK_1: starting compressed full datafile backup set
channel ORA_DISK_1: specifying datafile(s) in backup set
input datafile file number=00001 name=/usr/local/oradata/hisdb/system01.dbf
channel ORA_DISK_1: starting piece 1 at 01-JAN-25
channel ORA_DISK_2: starting compressed full datafile backup set
channel ORA_DISK_2: specifying datafile(s) in backup set
input datafile file number=00002 name=/usr/local/oradata/hisdb/sysaux01.dbf
channel ORA_DISK_2: starting piece 1 at 01-JAN-25
channel ORA_DISK_3: starting compressed full datafile backup set
channel ORA_DISK_3: specifying datafile(s) in backup set
input datafile file number=00003 name=/usr/local/oradata/hisdb/undotbs01.dbf
channel ORA_DISK_3: starting piece 1 at 01-JAN-25
channel ORA_DISK_4: starting compressed full datafile backup set
channel ORA_DISK_4: specifying datafile(s) in backup set
channel ORA_DISK_5: starting compressed full datafile backup set
channel ORA_DISK_5: specifying datafile(s) in backup set
input datafile file number=00004 name=/usr/local/oradata/hisdb/users01.dbf
channel ORA_DISK_5: starting piece 1 at 01-JAN-25
channel ORA_DISK_6: starting compressed full datafile backup set
channel ORA_DISK_6: specifying datafile(s) in backup set
including current SPFILE in backup set
channel ORA_DISK_6: starting piece 1 at 01-JAN-25
including current control file in backup set
channel ORA_DISK_4: starting piece 1 at 01-JAN-25
channel ORA_DISK_6: finished piece 1 at 01-JAN-25
piece handle=/home/oracle/bak0101/HISDB_2101731232_7_1_20250101.bkp tag=TAG20250101T195259 comment=NONE
channel ORA_DISK_6: backup set complete, elapsed time: 00:00:01
channel ORA_DISK_3: finished piece 1 at 01-JAN-25
piece handle=/home/oracle/bak0101/HISDB_2101731232_4_1_20250101.bkp tag=TAG20250101T195259 comment=NONE
channel ORA_DISK_3: backup set complete, elapsed time: 00:00:03
channel ORA_DISK_4: finished piece 1 at 01-JAN-25
piece handle=/home/oracle/bak0101/HISDB_2101731232_5_1_20250101.bkp tag=TAG20250101T195259 comment=NONE
channel ORA_DISK_4: backup set complete, elapsed time: 00:00:03
channel ORA_DISK_5: finished piece 1 at 01-JAN-25
piece handle=/home/oracle/bak0101/HISDB_2101731232_6_1_20250101.bkp tag=TAG20250101T195259 comment=NONE
channel ORA_DISK_5: backup set complete, elapsed time: 00:00:05
channel ORA_DISK_2: finished piece 1 at 01-JAN-25
piece handle=/home/oracle/bak0101/HISDB_2101731232_3_1_20250101.bkp tag=TAG20250101T195259 comment=NONE
channel ORA_DISK_2: backup set complete, elapsed time: 00:00:28
channel ORA_DISK_1: finished piece 1 at 01-JAN-25
piece handle=/home/oracle/bak0101/HISDB_2101731232_2_1_20250101.bkp tag=TAG20250101T195259 comment=NONE
channel ORA_DISK_1: backup set complete, elapsed time: 00:00:38
Finished backup at 01-JAN-25
（5）备份归档日志
--设置备份文件格式：
RMAN> configure channel device type disk format '/home/oracle/bak0101/arch_%d_%I_%s_%p_%T.bkp';old RMAN configuration parameters:
CONFIGURE CHANNEL DEVICE TYPE DISK FORMAT '/home/oracle/bak0101/%d_%I_%s_%p_%T.bkp';
new RMAN configuration parameters:
CONFIGURE CHANNEL DEVICE TYPE DISK FORMAT '/home/oracle/bak0101/arch_%d_%I_%s_%p_%T.bkp';
new RMAN configuration parameters are successfully stored
released channel: ORA_DISK_1
released channel: ORA_DISK_2
released channel: ORA_DISK_3
released channel: ORA_DISK_4
released channel: ORA_DISK_5
released channel: ORA_DISK_6-- 备份归档日志：
RMAN> backup as compressed backupset archivelog all;Starting backup at 01-JAN-25
current log archived
allocated channel: ORA_DISK_1
channel ORA_DISK_1: SID=43 device type=DISK
allocated channel: ORA_DISK_2
channel ORA_DISK_2: SID=38 device type=DISK
allocated channel: ORA_DISK_3
channel ORA_DISK_3: SID=40 device type=DISK
allocated channel: ORA_DISK_4
channel ORA_DISK_4: SID=44 device type=DISK
allocated channel: ORA_DISK_5
channel ORA_DISK_5: SID=45 device type=DISK
allocated channel: ORA_DISK_6
channel ORA_DISK_6: SID=46 device type=DISK
channel ORA_DISK_1: starting compressed archived log backup set
channel ORA_DISK_1: specifying archived log(s) in backup set
input archived log thread=1 sequence=7 RECID=1 STAMP=1189224012
channel ORA_DISK_1: starting piece 1 at 01-JAN-25
channel ORA_DISK_2: starting compressed archived log backup set
channel ORA_DISK_2: specifying archived log(s) in backup set
input archived log thread=1 sequence=8 RECID=2 STAMP=1189272700
channel ORA_DISK_2: starting piece 1 at 01-JAN-25
channel ORA_DISK_3: starting compressed archived log backup set
channel ORA_DISK_3: specifying archived log(s) in backup set
input archived log thread=1 sequence=9 RECID=3 STAMP=1189272703
channel ORA_DISK_3: starting piece 1 at 01-JAN-25
channel ORA_DISK_4: starting compressed archived log backup set
channel ORA_DISK_4: specifying archived log(s) in backup set
input archived log thread=1 sequence=10 RECID=4 STAMP=1189281347
channel ORA_DISK_4: starting piece 1 at 01-JAN-25
channel ORA_DISK_2: finished piece 1 at 01-JAN-25
piece handle=/home/oracle/bak0101/arch_HISDB_2101731232_9_1_20250101.bkp tag=TAG20250101T195548 comment=NONE
channel ORA_DISK_2: backup set complete, elapsed time: 00:00:02
channel ORA_DISK_3: finished piece 1 at 01-JAN-25
piece handle=/home/oracle/bak0101/arch_HISDB_2101731232_10_1_20250101.bkp tag=TAG20250101T195548 comment=NONE
channel ORA_DISK_3: backup set complete, elapsed time: 00:00:02
channel ORA_DISK_4: finished piece 1 at 01-JAN-25
piece handle=/home/oracle/bak0101/arch_HISDB_2101731232_11_1_20250101.bkp tag=TAG20250101T195548 comment=NONE
channel ORA_DISK_4: backup set complete, elapsed time: 00:00:01
channel ORA_DISK_1: finished piece 1 at 01-JAN-25
piece handle=/home/oracle/bak0101/arch_HISDB_2101731232_8_1_20250101.bkp tag=TAG20250101T195548 comment=NONE
channel ORA_DISK_1: backup set complete, elapsed time: 00:00:04
Finished backup at 01-JAN-25
（6）查看备份文件信息
[oracle@ora bak0101]$ cd /home/oracle/bak0101
[oracle@ora bak0101]$ ll
总用量 308812
-rw-r----- 1 oracle oinstall 13821952 1月 1 20:57 arch_HISDB_2101731232_19_1_20250101.bkp
-rw-r----- 1 oracle oinstall 5672448 1月 1 20:57 arch_HISDB_2101731232_20_1_20250101.bkp
-rw-r----- 1 oracle oinstall 48640 1月 1 20:57 arch_HISDB_2101731232_21_1_20250101.bkp
-rw-r----- 1 oracle oinstall 2004992 1月 1 20:57 arch_HISDB_2101731232_22_1_20250101.bkp
-rw-r----- 1 oracle oinstall 1540608 1月 1 20:57 arch_HISDB_2101731232_23_1_20250101.bkp
-rw-r----- 1 oracle oinstall 9797632 1月 1 20:55 control_bak_12.bak
-rw-r----- 1 oracle oinstall 202989568 1月 1 20:57 HISDB_2101731232_13_1_20250101.bkp
-rw-r----- 1 oracle oinstall 76685312 1月 1 20:56 HISDB_2101731232_14_1_20250101.bkp
-rw-r----- 1 oracle oinstall 1359872 1月 1 20:56 HISDB_2101731232_15_1_20250101.bkp
-rw-r----- 1 oracle oinstall 1097728 1月 1 20:56 HISDB_2101731232_16_1_20250101.bkp
-rw-r----- 1 oracle oinstall 1097728 1月 1 20:56 HISDB_2101731232_17_1_20250101.bkp
-rw-r----- 1 oracle oinstall 98304 1月 1 20:56 HISDB_2101731232_18_1_20250101.bkp
二、把备份文件复制到备库
1、在备库上创建存放备份文件的目录
[oracle@oradg dbs]$ mkdir /home/oracle/bak11
2、把主库的备份文件复制到备库
[oracle@ora bak0101]$ scp * oracle@oradg:/home/oracle/bak11
oracle@oradg's password:
arch_HISDB_2101731232_19_1_20250101.bkp 100% 13MB 13.2MB/s 00:00
arch_HISDB_2101731232_20_1_20250101.bkp 100% 5540KB 5.4MB/s 00:00
arch_HISDB_2101731232_21_1_20250101.bkp 100% 48KB 47.5KB/s 00:00
arch_HISDB_2101731232_22_1_20250101.bkp 100% 1958KB 1.9MB/s 00:00
arch_HISDB_2101731232_23_1_20250101.bkp 100% 1505KB 1.5MB/s 00:00
control_bak_12.bak 100% 9568KB 9.3MB/s 00:01
HISDB_2101731232_13_1_20250101.bkp 100% 194MB 96.8MB/s 00:02
HISDB_2101731232_14_1_20250101.bkp 100% 73MB 73.1MB/s 00:01
HISDB_2101731232_15_1_20250101.bkp 100% 1328KB 1.3MB/s 00:01
HISDB_2101731232_16_1_20250101.bkp 100% 1072KB 1.1MB/s 00:00
HISDB_2101731232_17_1_20250101.bkp 100% 1072KB 1.1MB/s 00:00
HISDB_2101731232_18_1_20250101.bkp 100% 96KB 96.0KB/s 00:00
3、查看备库中的主库备份文件
[oracle@oradg dbs]$ cd /home/oracle/bak11
[oracle@oradg bak11]$ ll
总用量 308812
-rw-r----- 1 oracle oinstall 13821952 1月 1 20:58 arch_HISDB_2101731232_19_1_20250101.bkp
-rw-r----- 1 oracle oinstall 5672448 1月 1 20:58 arch_HISDB_2101731232_20_1_20250101.bkp
-rw-r----- 1 oracle oinstall 48640 1月 1 20:58 arch_HISDB_2101731232_21_1_20250101.bkp
-rw-r----- 1 oracle oinstall 2004992 1月 1 20:58 arch_HISDB_2101731232_22_1_20250101.bkp
-rw-r----- 1 oracle oinstall 1540608 1月 1 20:58 arch_HISDB_2101731232_23_1_20250101.bkp
-rw-r----- 1 oracle oinstall 9797632 1月 1 20:58 control_bak_12.bak
-rw-r----- 1 oracle oinstall 202989568 1月 1 20:58 HISDB_2101731232_13_1_20250101.bkp
-rw-r----- 1 oracle oinstall 76685312 1月 1 20:58 HISDB_2101731232_14_1_20250101.bkp
-rw-r----- 1 oracle oinstall 1359872 1月 1 20:58 HISDB_2101731232_15_1_20250101.bkp
-rw-r----- 1 oracle oinstall 1097728 1月 1 20:58 HISDB_2101731232_16_1_20250101.bkp
-rw-r----- 1 oracle oinstall 1097728 1月 1 20:58 HISDB_2101731232_17_1_20250101.bkp
-rw-r----- 1 oracle oinstall 98304 1月 1 20:58 HISDB_2101731232_18_1_20250101.bkp
三、在备库上恢复数据库
1、启动数据库到 nomount
SQL> startup nomount
ORACLE instance started.Total System Global Area 1068937216 bytes
Fixed Size 2260088 bytes
Variable Size 331350920 bytes
Database Buffers 729808896 bytes
Redo Buffers 5517312 bytes
2、启动 rman，恢复控制文件，启动数据库到 mount
（1）查看备份的控制文件
[oracle@oradg ~]$ cd /home/oracle/bak11
[oracle@oradg bak11]$ ll
总用量 308812
-rw-r----- 1 oracle oinstall 13821952 1月 1 20:58 arch_HISDB_2101731232_19_1_20250101.bkp
-rw-r----- 1 oracle oinstall 5672448 1月 1 20:58 arch_HISDB_2101731232_20_1_20250101.bkp
-rw-r----- 1 oracle oinstall 48640 1月 1 20:58 arch_HISDB_2101731232_21_1_20250101.bkp
-rw-r----- 1 oracle oinstall 2004992 1月 1 20:58 arch_HISDB_2101731232_22_1_20250101.bkp
-rw-r----- 1 oracle oinstall 1540608 1月 1 20:58 arch_HISDB_2101731232_23_1_20250101.bkp
-rw-r----- 1 oracle oinstall 9797632 1月 1 20:58 control_bak_12.bak
-rw-r----- 1 oracle oinstall 202989568 1月 1 20:58 HISDB_2101731232_13_1_20250101.bkp
-rw-r----- 1 oracle oinstall 76685312 1月 1 20:58 HISDB_2101731232_14_1_20250101.bkp
-rw-r----- 1 oracle oinstall 1359872 1月 1 20:58 HISDB_2101731232_15_1_20250101.bkp
-rw-r----- 1 oracle oinstall 1097728 1月 1 20:58 HISDB_2101731232_16_1_20250101.bkp
-rw-r----- 1 oracle oinstall 1097728 1月 1 20:58 HISDB_2101731232_17_1_20250101.bkp
-rw-r----- 1 oracle oinstall 98304 1月 1 20:58 HISDB_2101731232_18_1_20250101.bkp
（2）恢复控制文件
RMAN> restore controlfile from '/home/oracle/bak11/control_bak_12.bak';Starting restore at 01-JAN-25
using target database control file instead of recovery catalog
allocated channel: ORA_DISK_1
channel ORA_DISK_1: SID=20 device type=DISKchannel ORA_DISK_1: restoring control file
channel ORA_DISK_1: restore complete, elapsed time: 00:00:01
output file name=/usr/local/oradata/hisdbdg/control01.ctl
output file name=/usr/local/oracle/fast_recovery_area/hisdbdg/control02.ctl
Finished restore at 01-JAN-25
（3）启动数据库到 mount
SQL> alter database mount;Database altered.
3、查看控制文件中的数据文件与临时文件信息
RMAN> report schema;released channel: ORA_DISK_1
Starting implicit crosscheck backup at 01-JAN-25
allocated channel: ORA_DISK_1
channel ORA_DISK_1: SID=20 device type=DISK
allocated channel: ORA_DISK_2
channel ORA_DISK_2: SID=27 device type=DISK
allocated channel: ORA_DISK_3
channel ORA_DISK_3: SID=28 device type=DISK
allocated channel: ORA_DISK_4
channel ORA_DISK_4: SID=29 device type=DISK
allocated channel: ORA_DISK_5
channel ORA_DISK_5: SID=30 device type=DISK
allocated channel: ORA_DISK_6
channel ORA_DISK_6: SID=31 device type=DISK
Crosschecked 11 objects
Finished implicit crosscheck backup at 01-JAN-25Starting implicit crosscheck copy at 01-JAN-25
using channel ORA_DISK_1
using channel ORA_DISK_2
using channel ORA_DISK_3
using channel ORA_DISK_4
using channel ORA_DISK_5
using channel ORA_DISK_6
Finished implicit crosscheck copy at 01-JAN-25searching for all files in the recovery area
cataloging files...
no files catalogedRMAN-06139: WARNING: control file is not current for REPORT SCHEMA
Report of database schema for database with db_unique_name HISDBDGList of Permanent Datafiles
===========================
File Size(MB) Tablespace RB segs Datafile Name
---- -------- -------------------- ------- ------------------------
1 0 SYSTEM *** /usr/local/oradata/hisdbdg/system01.dbf
2 0 SYSAUX *** /usr/local/oradata/hisdbdg/sysaux01.dbf
3 0 UNDOTBS1 *** /usr/local/oradata/hisdbdg/undotbs01.dbf
4 0 USERS *** /usr/local/oradata/hisdbdg/users01.dbfList of Temporary Files
=======================
File Size(MB) Tablespace Maxsize(MB) Tempfile Name
---- -------- -------------------- ----------- --------------------
1 20 TEMP 32767 /usr/local/oradata/hisdbdg/temp01.dbf
4、开始恢复数据库
（1）核对备份文件
RMAN> crosscheck backup;using channel ORA_DISK_1
using channel ORA_DISK_2
using channel ORA_DISK_3
using channel ORA_DISK_4
using channel ORA_DISK_5
using channel ORA_DISK_6
crosschecked backup piece: found to be 'EXPIRED'
backup piece handle=/home/oracle/bak0101/control_bak_1.bak RECID=1 STAMP=1189281129
crosschecked backup piece: found to be 'EXPIRED'
backup piece handle=/home/oracle/bak0101/HISDB_2101731232_7_1_20250101.bkp RECID=2 STAMP=1189281181
crosschecked backup piece: found to be 'EXPIRED'
backup piece handle=/home/oracle/bak0101/HISDB_2101731232_4_1_20250101.bkp RECID=3 STAMP=1189281180
crosschecked backup piece: found to be 'EXPIRED'
backup piece handle=/home/oracle/bak0101/HISDB_2101731232_5_1_20250101.bkp RECID=4 STAMP=1189281182
crosschecked backup piece: found to be 'EXPIRED'
backup piece handle=/home/oracle/bak0101/HISDB_2101731232_6_1_20250101.bkp RECID=5 STAMP=1189281181
crosschecked backup piece: found to be 'EXPIRED'
backup piece handle=/home/oracle/bak0101/HISDB_2101731232_3_1_20250101.bkp RECID=6 STAMP=1189281179
crosschecked backup piece: found to be 'EXPIRED'
backup piece handle=/home/oracle/bak0101/HISDB_2101731232_2_1_20250101.bkp RECID=7 STAMP=1189281179
crosschecked backup piece: found to be 'EXPIRED'
backup piece handle=/home/oracle/bak0101/arch_HISDB_2101731232_10_1_20250101.bkp RECID=8 STAMP=1189281348
crosschecked backup piece: found to be 'EXPIRED'
backup piece handle=/home/oracle/bak0101/arch_HISDB_2101731232_11_1_20250101.bkp RECID=9 STAMP=1189281349
crosschecked backup piece: found to be 'EXPIRED'
backup piece handle=/home/oracle/bak0101/arch_HISDB_2101731232_9_1_20250101.bkp RECID=10 STAMP=1189281348
crosschecked backup piece: found to be 'EXPIRED'
backup piece handle=/home/oracle/bak0101/arch_HISDB_2101731232_8_1_20250101.bkp RECID=11 STAMP=1189281348
Crosschecked 11 objects
（2）删除失效的备份文件
RMAN> delete expired backup;using channel ORA_DISK_1
using channel ORA_DISK_2
using channel ORA_DISK_3
using channel ORA_DISK_4
using channel ORA_DISK_5
using channel ORA_DISK_6List of Backup Pieces
BP Key BS Key Pc# Cp# Status Device Type Piece Name
------- ------- --- --- ----------- ----------- ----------
1 1 1 1 EXPIRED DISK /home/oracle/bak0101/control_bak_1.bak
2 2 1 1 EXPIRED DISK /home/oracle/bak0101/HISDB_2101731232_7_1_20250101.bkp
3 3 1 1 EXPIRED DISK /home/oracle/bak0101/HISDB_2101731232_4_1_20250101.bkp
4 4 1 1 EXPIRED DISK /home/oracle/bak0101/HISDB_2101731232_5_1_20250101.bkp
5 5 1 1 EXPIRED DISK /home/oracle/bak0101/HISDB_2101731232_6_1_20250101.bkp
6 6 1 1 EXPIRED DISK /home/oracle/bak0101/HISDB_2101731232_3_1_20250101.bkp
7 7 1 1 EXPIRED DISK /home/oracle/bak0101/HISDB_2101731232_2_1_20250101.bkp
8 8 1 1 EXPIRED DISK /home/oracle/bak0101/arch_HISDB_2101731232_10_1_20250101.bkp
9 9 1 1 EXPIRED DISK /home/oracle/bak0101/arch_HISDB_2101731232_11_1_20250101.bkp
10 10 1 1 EXPIRED DISK /home/oracle/bak0101/arch_HISDB_2101731232_9_1_20250101.bkp
11 11 1 1 EXPIRED DISK /home/oracle/bak0101/arch_HISDB_2101731232_8_1_20250101.bkpDo you really want to delete the above objects (enter YES or NO)? yes
deleted backup piece
backup piece handle=/home/oracle/bak0101/control_bak_1.bak RECID=1 STAMP=1189281129
deleted backup piece
backup piece handle=/home/oracle/bak0101/HISDB_2101731232_7_1_20250101.bkp RECID=2 STAMP=1189281181
deleted backup piece
backup piece handle=/home/oracle/bak0101/HISDB_2101731232_4_1_20250101.bkp RECID=3 STAMP=1189281180
deleted backup piece
backup piece handle=/home/oracle/bak0101/HISDB_2101731232_5_1_20250101.bkp RECID=4 STAMP=1189281182
deleted backup piece
backup piece handle=/home/oracle/bak0101/HISDB_2101731232_6_1_20250101.bkp RECID=5 STAMP=1189281181
deleted backup piece
backup piece handle=/home/oracle/bak0101/HISDB_2101731232_3_1_20250101.bkp RECID=6 STAMP=1189281179
deleted backup piece
backup piece handle=/home/oracle/bak0101/HISDB_2101731232_2_1_20250101.bkp RECID=7 STAMP=1189281179
deleted backup piece
backup piece handle=/home/oracle/bak0101/arch_HISDB_2101731232_10_1_20250101.bkp RECID=8 STAMP=1189281348
deleted backup piece
backup piece handle=/home/oracle/bak0101/arch_HISDB_2101731232_11_1_20250101.bkp RECID=9 STAMP=1189281349
deleted backup piece
backup piece handle=/home/oracle/bak0101/arch_HISDB_2101731232_9_1_20250101.bkp RECID=10 STAMP=1189281348
deleted backup piece
backup piece handle=/home/oracle/bak0101/arch_HISDB_2101731232_8_1_20250101.bkp RECID=11 STAMP=1189281348
Deleted 11 EXPIRED objects
（3）重新核对备份文件
RMAN> crosscheck backup;using channel ORA_DISK_1
using channel ORA_DISK_2
using channel ORA_DISK_3
using channel ORA_DISK_4
using channel ORA_DISK_5
using channel ORA_DISK_6
specification does not match any backup in the repository
（4）更新备份文件
RMAN> catalog start with '/home/oracle/bak11';searching for all files that match the pattern /home/oracle/bak11List of Files Unknown to the Database
=====================================
File Name: /home/oracle/bak11/arch_HISDB_2101731232_19_1_20250101.bkp
File Name: /home/oracle/bak11/arch_HISDB_2101731232_20_1_20250101.bkp
File Name: /home/oracle/bak11/arch_HISDB_2101731232_21_1_20250101.bkp
File Name: /home/oracle/bak11/arch_HISDB_2101731232_22_1_20250101.bkp
File Name: /home/oracle/bak11/arch_HISDB_2101731232_23_1_20250101.bkp
File Name: /home/oracle/bak11/control_bak_12.bak
File Name: /home/oracle/bak11/HISDB_2101731232_13_1_20250101.bkp
File Name: /home/oracle/bak11/HISDB_2101731232_14_1_20250101.bkp
File Name: /home/oracle/bak11/HISDB_2101731232_15_1_20250101.bkp
File Name: /home/oracle/bak11/HISDB_2101731232_16_1_20250101.bkp
File Name: /home/oracle/bak11/HISDB_2101731232_17_1_20250101.bkp
File Name: /home/oracle/bak11/HISDB_2101731232_18_1_20250101.bkpDo you really want to catalog the above files (enter YES or NO)? yes
cataloging files...
cataloging doneList of Cataloged Files
=======================
File Name: /home/oracle/bak11/arch_HISDB_2101731232_19_1_20250101.bkp
File Name: /home/oracle/bak11/arch_HISDB_2101731232_20_1_20250101.bkp
File Name: /home/oracle/bak11/arch_HISDB_2101731232_21_1_20250101.bkp
File Name: /home/oracle/bak11/arch_HISDB_2101731232_22_1_20250101.bkp
File Name: /home/oracle/bak11/arch_HISDB_2101731232_23_1_20250101.bkp
File Name: /home/oracle/bak11/control_bak_12.bak
File Name: /home/oracle/bak11/HISDB_2101731232_13_1_20250101.bkp
File Name: /home/oracle/bak11/HISDB_2101731232_14_1_20250101.bkp
File Name: /home/oracle/bak11/HISDB_2101731232_15_1_20250101.bkp
File Name: /home/oracle/bak11/HISDB_2101731232_16_1_20250101.bkp
File Name: /home/oracle/bak11/HISDB_2101731232_17_1_20250101.bkp
File Name: /home/oracle/bak11/HISDB_2101731232_18_1_20250101.bkp
（5）查看备份集信息
RMAN> list backup of database;List of Backup Sets
===================BS Key Type LV Size Device Type Elapsed Time Completion Time
------- ---- -- ---------- ----------- ------------ ---------------
6 Full 193.57M DISK 00:00:00 01-JAN-25 BP Key: 6 Status: AVAILABLE Compressed: YES Tag: TAG20250101T195259Piece Name: /home/oracle/bak11/HISDB_2101731232_2_1_20250101.bkpList of Datafiles in backup set 6File LV Type Ckp SCN Ckp Time Name---- -- ---- ---------- --------- ----1 Full 1063667 01-JAN-25 /usr/local/oradata/hisdb/system01.dbfBS Key Type LV Size Device Type Elapsed Time Completion Time
------- ---- -- ---------- ----------- ------------ ---------------
7 Full 72.98M DISK 00:00:00 01-JAN-25 BP Key: 7 Status: AVAILABLE Compressed: YES Tag: TAG20250101T195259Piece Name: /home/oracle/bak11/HISDB_2101731232_3_1_20250101.bkpList of Datafiles in backup set 7File LV Type Ckp SCN Ckp Time Name---- -- ---- ---------- --------- ----2 Full 1063668 01-JAN-25 /usr/local/oradata/hisdb/sysaux01.dbfBS Key Type LV Size Device Type Elapsed Time Completion Time
------- ---- -- ---------- ----------- ------------ ---------------
8 Full 1.20M DISK 00:00:00 01-JAN-25 BP Key: 8 Status: AVAILABLE Compressed: YES Tag: TAG20250101T195259Piece Name: /home/oracle/bak11/HISDB_2101731232_4_1_20250101.bkpList of Datafiles in backup set 8File LV Type Ckp SCN Ckp Time Name---- -- ---- ---------- --------- ----3 Full 1063669 01-JAN-25 /usr/local/oradata/hisdb/undotbs01.dbfBS Key Type LV Size Device Type Elapsed Time Completion Time
------- ---- -- ---------- ----------- ------------ ---------------
10 Full 1.04M DISK 00:00:00 01-JAN-25 BP Key: 10 Status: AVAILABLE Compressed: YES Tag: TAG20250101T195259Piece Name: /home/oracle/bak11/HISDB_2101731232_6_1_20250101.bkpList of Datafiles in backup set 10File LV Type Ckp SCN Ckp Time Name---- -- ---- ---------- --------- ----4 Full 1063671 01-JAN-25 /usr/local/oradata/hisdb/users01.dbf
（6）恢复数据库
/*
run{
set newname for datafile 1 to '/usr/local/oradata/hisdbdg/system01.dbf';
set newname for datafile 2 to '/usr/local/oradata/hisdbdg/sysaux01.dbf';
set newname for datafile 4 to '/usr/local/oradata/hisdbdg/undotbs01.dbf';
set newname for datafile 3 to '/usr/local/oradata/hisdbdg/users01.dbf';
set newname for tempfile 1 to '/usr/local/oracle/data/oradata/temp01';
restore database;
switch datafile all;
switch tempfile all;
recover database;
}
*/RMAN> run{
set newname for datafile 1 to '/usr/local/oradata/hisdbdg/system01.dbf';
set newname for datafile 2 to '/usr/local/oradata/hisdbdg/sysaux01.dbf';
set newname for datafile 4 to '/usr/local/oradata/hisdbdg/undotbs01.dbf';
set newname for datafile 3 to '/usr/local/oradata/hisdbdg/users01.dbf';
set newname for tempfile 1 to '/usr/local/oracle/data/oradata/temp01';
restore database;
switch datafile all;
switch tempfile all;
recover database;
11> }executing command: SET NEWNAMEexecuting command: SET NEWNAMEexecuting command: SET NEWNAMEexecuting command: SET NEWNAMEexecuting command: SET NEWNAMEStarting restore at 01-JAN-25
using channel ORA_DISK_1
using channel ORA_DISK_2
using channel ORA_DISK_3
using channel ORA_DISK_4
using channel ORA_DISK_5
using channel ORA_DISK_6channel ORA_DISK_1: starting datafile backup set restore
channel ORA_DISK_1: specifying datafile(s) to restore from backup set
channel ORA_DISK_1: restoring datafile 00001 to /usr/local/oradata/hisdbdg/system01.dbf
channel ORA_DISK_1: reading from backup piece /home/oracle/bak11/HISDB_2101731232_13_1_20250101.bkp
channel ORA_DISK_2: starting datafile backup set restore
channel ORA_DISK_2: specifying datafile(s) to restore from backup set
channel ORA_DISK_2: restoring datafile 00002 to /usr/local/oradata/hisdbdg/sysaux01.dbf
channel ORA_DISK_2: reading from backup piece /home/oracle/bak11/HISDB_2101731232_14_1_20250101.bkp
channel ORA_DISK_3: starting datafile backup set restore
channel ORA_DISK_3: specifying datafile(s) to restore from backup set
channel ORA_DISK_3: restoring datafile 00003 to /usr/local/oradata/hisdbdg/users01.dbf
channel ORA_DISK_3: reading from backup piece /home/oracle/bak11/HISDB_2101731232_15_1_20250101.bkp
channel ORA_DISK_4: starting datafile backup set restore
channel ORA_DISK_4: specifying datafile(s) to restore from backup set
channel ORA_DISK_4: restoring datafile 00004 to /usr/local/oradata/hisdbdg/undotbs01.dbf
channel ORA_DISK_4: reading from backup piece /home/oracle/bak11/HISDB_2101731232_17_1_20250101.bkp
channel ORA_DISK_4: piece handle=/home/oracle/bak11/HISDB_2101731232_17_1_20250101.bkp tag=TAG20250101T205640
channel ORA_DISK_4: restored backup piece 1
channel ORA_DISK_4: restore complete, elapsed time: 00:00:01
channel ORA_DISK_3: piece handle=/home/oracle/bak11/HISDB_2101731232_15_1_20250101.bkp tag=TAG20250101T205640
channel ORA_DISK_3: restored backup piece 1
channel ORA_DISK_3: restore complete, elapsed time: 00:00:07
channel ORA_DISK_1: piece handle=/home/oracle/bak11/HISDB_2101731232_13_1_20250101.bkp tag=TAG20250101T205640
channel ORA_DISK_1: restored backup piece 1
channel ORA_DISK_1: restore complete, elapsed time: 00:00:25
channel ORA_DISK_2: piece handle=/home/oracle/bak11/HISDB_2101731232_14_1_20250101.bkp tag=TAG20250101T205640
channel ORA_DISK_2: restored backup piece 1
channel ORA_DISK_2: restore complete, elapsed time: 00:00:25
Finished restore at 01-JAN-25datafile 3 switched to datafile copy
input datafile copy RECID=3 STAMP=1189287623 file name=/usr/local/oradata/hisdbdg/users01.dbf
datafile 4 switched to datafile copy
input datafile copy RECID=4 STAMP=1189287623 file name=/usr/local/oradata/hisdbdg/undotbs01.dbfrenamed tempfile 1 to /usr/local/oracle/data/oradata/temp01 in control fileStarting recover at 01-JAN-25
using channel ORA_DISK_1
using channel ORA_DISK_2
using channel ORA_DISK_3
using channel ORA_DISK_4
using channel ORA_DISK_5
using channel ORA_DISK_6starting media recoverychannel ORA_DISK_1: starting archived log restore to default destination
channel ORA_DISK_1: restoring archived log
archived log thread=1 sequence=11
channel ORA_DISK_1: reading from backup piece /home/oracle/bak11/arch_HISDB_2101731232_23_1_20250101.bkp
channel ORA_DISK_1: piece handle=/home/oracle/bak11/arch_HISDB_2101731232_23_1_20250101.bkp tag=TAG20250101T205722
channel ORA_DISK_1: restored backup piece 1
channel ORA_DISK_1: restore complete, elapsed time: 00:00:01
archived log file name=/usr/local/oracle/fast_recovery_area/HISDBDG/archivelog/2025_01_01/o1_mf_1_11_mqbkg85f_.arc thread=1 sequence=11
channel default: deleting archived log(s)
archived log file name=/usr/local/oracle/fast_recovery_area/HISDBDG/archivelog/2025_01_01/o1_mf_1_11_mqbkg85f_.arc RECID=2 STAMP=1189287624
unable to find archived log
archived log thread=1 sequence=12
RMAN-00571: ===========================================================
RMAN-00569: =============== ERROR MESSAGE STACK FOLLOWS ===============
RMAN-00571: ===========================================================
RMAN-03002: failure of recover command at 01/01/2025 21:40:25
RMAN-06054: media recovery requesting unknown archived log for thread 1 with sequence 12 and starting SCN of 1068028
恢复报错，把数据库恢复到 SCN=1068028：
RMAN> recover database until scn 1068028;Starting recover at 01-JAN-25
using channel ORA_DISK_1
using channel ORA_DISK_2
using channel ORA_DISK_3
using channel ORA_DISK_4
using channel ORA_DISK_5
using channel ORA_DISK_6starting media recovery
media recovery complete, elapsed time: 00:00:00Finished recover at 01-JAN-25
5、数据库恢复完成，修改日志文件
（1）查看日志文件
SQL> select member from v$logfile;MEMBER
--------------------------------------------------------------------------------
/usr/local/oradata/hisdbdg/redo03.log
/usr/local/oradata/hisdbdg/redo02.log
/usr/local/oradata/hisdbdg/redo01.log
/usr/local/oradata/hisdbdg/standby01.log
/usr/local/oradata/hisdbdg/standby02.log
/usr/local/oradata/hisdbdg/standby03.log
/usr/local/oradata/hisdbdg/standby04.log7 rows selected.
（2）修改日志文件名（此步骤不用做）
/*
alter database rename file '/usr/local/oradata/hisdb/redo01.log' to '/usr/local/oradata/hisdbdg/redo01.log';
alter database rename file '/usr/local/oradata/hisdb/redo02.log' to '/usr/local/oradata/hisdbdg/redo02.log';
alter database rename file '/usr/local/oradata/hisdb/redo03.log' to '/usr/local/oradata/hisdbdg/redo03.log';alter database rename file '/usr/local/oradata/hisdb/standby01.log' to '/usr/local/oradata/hisdbdg/standby01.log';
alter database rename file '/usr/local/oradata/hisdb/standby02.log' to '/usr/local/oradata/hisdbdg/standby02.log';
alter database rename file '/usr/local/oradata/hisdb/standby03.log' to '/usr/local/oradata/hisdbdg/standby03.log';
alter database rename file '/usr/local/oradata/hisdb/standby04.log' to '/usr/local/oradata/hisdbdg/standby04.log';
*/SQL> alter database rename file '/usr/local/oradata/hisdb/redo01.log' to '/usr/local/oradata/hisdbdg/redo01.log';Database altered.SQL> alter database rename file '/usr/local/oradata/hisdb/redo02.log' to '/usr/local/oradata/hisdbdg/redo02.log';Database altered.SQL> alter database rename file '/usr/local/oradata/hisdb/redo03.log' to '/usr/local/oradata/hisdbdg/redo03.log';Database altered.SQL> alter database rename file '/usr/local/oradata/hisdb/standby01.log' to '/usr/local/oradata/hisdbdg/standby01.log';Database altered.SQL> alter database rename file '/usr/local/oradata/hisdb/standby02.log' to '/usr/local/oradata/hisdbdg/standby02.log';Database altered.SQL> alter database rename file '/usr/local/oradata/hisdb/standby03.log' to '/usr/local/oradata/hisdbdg/standby03.log';Database altered.SQL> alter database rename file '/usr/local/oradata/hisdb/standby04.log' to '/usr/local/oradata/hisdbdg/standby04.log';Database altered.
6、启动数据库
SQL> alter database open;Database altered.
四、开启实时同步
1、开启实时同步
SQL> alter database recover managed standby database using current logfile disconnect from session;Database altered.
2、查看备库进程
SQL> select process, status, thread#,sequence#, block#, blocks from v$managed_standby;PROCESS STATUS THREAD# SEQUENCE# BLOCK# BLOCKS
--------- ------------ ---------- ---------- ---------- ----------
ARCH CONNECTED 0 0 0 0
ARCH CONNECTED 0 0 0 0
ARCH CONNECTED 0 0 0 0
ARCH CONNECTED 0 0 0 0
RFS IDLE 1 38 8009 1
RFS IDLE 0 0 0 0
RFS IDLE 0 0 0 0
RFS IDLE 0 0 0 0
MRP0 APPLYING_LOG 1 38 8009 1024009 rows selected.
3、查看主库进程信息
SQL> select process, status, thread#,sequence#, block#, blocks from v$managed_standby;PROCESS STATUS THREAD# SEQUENCE# BLOCK# BLOCKS
--------- ------------ ---------- ---------- ---------- ----------
ARCH CLOSING 1 35 32769 251
ARCH CLOSING 1 37 28672 799
ARCH CLOSING 1 37 1 29470
ARCH CLOSING 1 34 77825 2456
LNS WRITING 1 38 7895 1
4、查看备库信息
SQL> select open_mode,log_mode,open_mode ,database_role from v$database;OPEN_MODE LOG_MODE OPEN_MODE DATABASE_ROLE
-------------------- ------------ -------------------- ----------------
READ ONLY WITH APPLY ARCHIVELOG READ ONLY WITH APPLY PHYSICAL STANDBY
5、查看主库信息
SQL> select open_mode,log_mode,open_mode ,database_role from v$database;OPEN_MODE LOG_MODE OPEN_MODE DATABASE_ROLE
-------------------- ------------ -------------------- ----------------
READ WRITE ARCHIVELOG READ WRITE PRIMARY
五、数据同步验证
1、在主库执行以下 SQL
SQL> create table t01(id int primary key, name varchar2(20));Table created.insert into t01 values(1,'jack');1 row created.SQL> commit;Commit complete.SQL> select * from t01;ID NAME
---------- --------------------1 jack
2、在备库执行以下 SQL查询数据
SQL> select * from t01;ID NAME
---------- --------------------1 jack相关文章：
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