【GIS】本地部署nominatim地理编码服务

参考：https://www.cnblogs.com/nonkicat/p/17222677.html

docker 部署命令

4.5 版本 docker 用不了，需要用 4.0 版本

docker run -it   -e PBF_PATH=/data/你的osm文件.osm.pbf   -e FREEZE=true   -e POSTGRES_MAX_CONNECTIONS=100   -p 6666:8080   --name nominatim   -v /宿主机指向pdf目录:/data   -v /osm-maps/data:/nominatim/data   mediagis/nominatim:4.0

耐心等待建立索引

看到以下输出即成功

2025-02-10 11:17:38.015 UTC [764] LOG:  listening on IPv4 address "0.0.0.0", port 5432
2025-02-10 11:17:38.015 UTC [764] LOG:  listening on IPv6 address "::", port 5432
2025-02-10 11:17:38.027 UTC [764] LOG:  listening on Unix socket "/var/run/postgresql/.s.PGSQL.5432"
2025-02-10 11:17:38.105 UTC [765] LOG:  database system was shut down at 2025-02-10 11:17:37 UTC
2025-02-10 11:17:38.118 UTC [764] LOG:  database system is ready to accept connections

查询

$ keyword="人民大学"
$ curl "http://localhost:6666/search.php?q=${keyword}&polygon_geojson=1&format=jsonv2"

输出

[{"place_id": 116078,"licence": "Data © OpenStreetMap contributors, ODbL 1.0. https://osm.org/copyright","osm_type": "node","osm_id": 7861046852,"boundingbox": ["39.960744","39.970744","116.3107286","116.3207286"],"lat": "39.965744","lon": "116.3157286","display_name": "人民大学, 北三环（四通桥）, 中关村街道, 海淀区, 北京市, 100872, 中国","place_rank": 30,"category": "railway","type": "station","importance": 0.11100000000000002,"geojson": {"type": "Point","coordinates": [116.3157286,39.965744]}},...................
]

配套 python 代码查询

import requestsdef get_coordinates(keyword):"""根据关键词查询地点的经纬度。参数:keyword (str): 查询的关键词（如地点名称）。返回:list: 包含地点名称和对应经纬度的字典列表。每个字典包含 "place_name", "latitude", "longitude"。"""url = "http://localhost:6666/search.php"params = {"q": keyword,"polygon_geojson": 1,"format": "jsonv2"}try:# 发送 GET 请求response = requests.get(url, params=params)# 检查响应状态码是否为 200（成功）if response.status_code == 200:data = response.json()results = []# 遍历结果并提取经纬度for item in data:place_name = item.get("display_name", "未知地点")# 尝试从 geojson 提取经纬度try:coordinates = item["geojson"]["coordinates"]if item["geojson"]["type"] == "Point":latitude = coordinates[1]longitude = coordinates[0]elif item["geojson"]["type"] == "Polygon":# 如果是 Polygon，取第一个点作为代表latitude = coordinates[0][0][1]longitude = coordinates[0][0][0]else:# 如果类型未知，跳过该条目print(f"未知的 GeoJSON 类型: {item['geojson']['type']}，跳过地点: {place_name}")continueexcept (KeyError, IndexError, TypeError):# 如果 geojson 不可用，尝试使用 lat 和 lon 字段try:latitude = float(item["lat"])longitude = float(item["lon"])except KeyError:print(f"无法提取经纬度信息，跳过地点: {place_name}")continue# 添加到结果列表results.append({"place_name": place_name,"latitude": latitude,"longitude": longitude})return resultselse:print(f"请求失败，状态码: {response.status_code}")return []except requests.exceptions.RequestException as e:print(f"网络请求出错: {e}")return []except ValueError as e:print(f"JSON 解析出错: {e}")return []# 测试样例
keywords = ["北京大学",          # 大学"天安门广场",       # 广场"故宫博物院",       # 博物馆"北京站",           # 火车站"颐和园",           # 公园"中关村创业大街",   # 街道"清华大学",         # 大学"国家体育场",       # 体育场馆（鸟巢）"首都国际机场",     # 机场"人民大会堂"        
]for keyword in keywords:print(f"查询关键词: {keyword}")coordinates = get_coordinates(keyword)if coordinates:for result in coordinates:print(f"地点名称: {result['place_name']}")print(f"纬度: {result['latitude']}, 经度: {result['longitude']}")print("-" * 40)else:print("未找到任何地点信息。")print("\n" + "=" * 80 + "\n")