当前位置：首页 > news >正文

研发工程师玩转Kubernetes——Node亲和性requiredDuringSchedulingIgnoredDuringExecution几种边界实验

news 2026/2/7 13:56:30

在《研发工程师玩转Kubernetes——使用Node特性定向调度Pod》中，我们提到requiredDuringSchedulingIgnoredDuringExecution只有在规则被满足的时候才能执行调度。本节我们将测试几种边界情况，看看Kubernetes的行为。

没有满足的条件

假设我们测试的Node都没有Label:not_exist=“”，于是我们在清单中要求必须有这个Label，来测试这个边界。

# nginx_deployment.yaml 
apiVersion: apps/v1
kind: Deployment
metadata:name: nginx-deployment
spec:replicas: 1selector:matchLabels:app: nginxtemplate:metadata:labels:app: nginxspec:affinity:nodeAffinity:requiredDuringSchedulingIgnoredDuringExecution:nodeSelectorTerms:- matchExpressions:- key: not_existoperator: Invalues:- ""containers:- name: nginx-containerimage: nginxports:- containerPort: 80

执行下面的指令

kubectl create -f nginx_deployment.yaml

deployment.apps/nginx-deployment created

观察

Pod的情况

kubectl get pod --watch -o wide

NAME                                READY   STATUS    RESTARTS   AGE   IP       NODE     NOMINATED NODE   READINESS GATES
nginx-deployment-6b5d69bc9d-94vgl   0/1     Pending   0          0s    <none>   <none>   <none>           <none>
nginx-deployment-6b5d69bc9d-94vgl   0/1     Pending   0          0s    <none>   <none>   <none>           <none>

Deployment的情况

kubectl get deployments.apps --watch -o wide

NAME               READY   UP-TO-DATE   AVAILABLE   AGE   CONTAINERS        IMAGES   SELECTOR
nginx-deployment   0/1     1            0           59s   nginx-container   nginx    app=nginx

可以看到Pod一直处于Pending状态，也没调度到任何Node上。

多个nodeSelectorTerms

为了进行这个测试，我们给UbuntuB和UbunutC设置对应的Label。

kubectl label nodes ubuntub name:ubuntub

node/ubuntub labeled

kubectl label nodes ubuntuc name=ubuntuc

node/ubuntuc labeled

我们使用下面指令查看下修改后的Labels。

kubectl get nodes --show-labels

NAME      STATUS   ROLES    AGE   VERSION   LABELS
ubuntud   Ready    <none>   21h   v1.26.4   beta.kubernetes.io/arch=amd64,beta.kubernetes.io/os=linux,kubernetes.io/arch=amd64,kubernetes.io/hostname=ubuntud,kubernetes.io/os=linux,microk8s.io/cluster=true,node.kubernetes.io/microk8s-worker=microk8s-worker
ubuntuc   Ready    <none>   21h   v1.26.4   beta.kubernetes.io/arch=amd64,beta.kubernetes.io/os=linux,kubernetes.io/arch=amd64,kubernetes.io/hostname=ubuntuc,kubernetes.io/os=linux,microk8s.io/cluster=true,name=ubuntuc,node.kubernetes.io/microk8s-worker=microk8s-worker
ubuntub   Ready    <none>   21h   v1.26.4   beta.kubernetes.io/arch=amd64,beta.kubernetes.io/os=linux,kubernetes.io/arch=amd64,kubernetes.io/hostname=ubuntub,kubernetes.io/os=linux,microk8s.io/cluster=true,name=ubuntub,node.kubernetes.io/microk8s-worker=microk8s-worker
ubuntue   Ready    <none>   21h   v1.26.4   beta.kubernetes.io/arch=amd64,beta.kubernetes.io/os=linux,kubernetes.io/arch=amd64,kubernetes.io/hostname=ubuntue,kubernetes.io/os=linux,microk8s.io/cluster=true,node.kubernetes.io/microk8s-worker=microk8s-worker
ubuntua   Ready    <none>   21h   v1.27.2   beta.kubernetes.io/arch=amd64,beta.kubernetes.io/os=linux,kubernetes.io/arch=amd64,kubernetes.io/hostname=ubuntua,kubernetes.io/os=linux,microk8s.io/cluster=true,node.kubernetes.io/microk8s-controlplane=microk8s-controlplane

然后清单改成多个nodeSelectorTerms

apiVersion: apps/v1
kind: Deployment
metadata:name: nginx-deployment
spec:replicas: 1selector:matchLabels:app: nginxtemplate:metadata:labels:app: nginxspec:affinity:nodeAffinity:requiredDuringSchedulingIgnoredDuringExecution:nodeSelectorTerms:- matchExpressions:- key: nameoperator: Invalues:- "ubuntub"- matchExpressions:- key: nameoperator: Invalues:- "ubuntuc"containers:- name: nginx-containerimage: nginxports:- containerPort: 80

调用下面指令创建Deployment

kubectl create -f nginx_deployment.yaml

deployment.apps/nginx-deployment created

观察

kubectl get pod --watch -o wide

NAME                                READY   STATUS    RESTARTS   AGE   IP       NODE     NOMINATED NODE   READINESS GATES
nginx-deployment-58d4498bdd-s5fvd   0/1     Pending   0          0s    <none>   <none>   <none>           <none>
nginx-deployment-58d4498bdd-s5fvd   0/1     Pending   0          0s    <none>   ubuntuc   <none>           <none>
nginx-deployment-58d4498bdd-s5fvd   0/1     ContainerCreating   0          0s    <none>   ubuntuc   <none>           <none>
nginx-deployment-58d4498bdd-s5fvd   0/1     ContainerCreating   0          0s    <none>   ubuntuc   <none>           <none>
nginx-deployment-58d4498bdd-s5fvd   1/1     Running             0          4s    10.1.43.212   ubuntuc   <none>           <none>

kubectl get deployments.apps --watch -o wide

NAME               READY   UP-TO-DATE   AVAILABLE   AGE   CONTAINERS        IMAGES   SELECTOR
nginx-deployment   0/1     0            0           0s    nginx-container   nginx    app=nginx
nginx-deployment   0/1     0            0           0s    nginx-container   nginx    app=nginx
nginx-deployment   0/1     0            0           0s    nginx-container   nginx    app=nginx
nginx-deployment   0/1     1            0           0s    nginx-container   nginx    app=nginx
nginx-deployment   1/1     1            1           4s    nginx-container   nginx    app=nginx

可以看到Node的requiredDuringSchedulingIgnoredDuringExecution.nodeSelectorTerms.matchExpressions之间是取或的关系，即只要满足其中一个条件就可以被调度到。
为了再次验证，我们可以让UbuntC驱逐这个Pod。

 kubectl taint node ubuntuc node_type=worker:NoExecute

node/ubuntuc tainted

再观察

kubectl get pod --watch -o wide

NAME                                READY   STATUS    RESTARTS   AGE   IP       NODE     NOMINATED NODE   READINESS GATES
nginx-deployment-58d4498bdd-s5fvd   1/1     Running             0          8m28s   10.1.43.212   ubuntuc   <none>           <none>
nginx-deployment-58d4498bdd-s5fvd   1/1     Terminating         0          8m28s   10.1.43.212   ubuntuc   <none>           <none>
nginx-deployment-58d4498bdd-s5fvd   1/1     Terminating         0          8m28s   10.1.43.212   ubuntuc   <none>           <none>
nginx-deployment-58d4498bdd-kc2fz   0/1     Pending             0          1s      <none>        <none>    <none>           <none>
nginx-deployment-58d4498bdd-kc2fz   0/1     Pending             0          1s      <none>        ubuntub   <none>           <none>
nginx-deployment-58d4498bdd-kc2fz   0/1     ContainerCreating   0          1s      <none>        ubuntub   <none>           <none>
nginx-deployment-58d4498bdd-s5fvd   1/1     Terminating         0          8m29s   10.1.43.212   ubuntuc   <none>           <none>
nginx-deployment-58d4498bdd-kc2fz   0/1     ContainerCreating   0          1s      <none>        ubuntub   <none>           <none>
nginx-deployment-58d4498bdd-s5fvd   0/1     Terminating         0          8m30s   10.1.43.212   ubuntuc   <none>           <none>
nginx-deployment-58d4498bdd-s5fvd   0/1     Terminating         0          8m30s   10.1.43.212   ubuntuc   <none>           <none>
nginx-deployment-58d4498bdd-s5fvd   0/1     Terminating         0          8m30s   10.1.43.212   ubuntuc   <none>           <none>
nginx-deployment-58d4498bdd-kc2fz   1/1     Running             0          4s      10.1.209.132   ubuntub   <none>           <none>

可以看到Pod被调度到另外一个匹配的条件对应的Node（UbuntuB）上。

被彻底驱逐

再让UbuntuB驱逐这个Pod，这样没有哪个Node可以符合条件。

kubectl taint node ubuntub node_type=worker:NoExecute

node/ubuntub tainted

再观察

kubectl get pod --watch -o wide

NAME                                READY   STATUS    RESTARTS   AGE   IP       NODE     NOMINATED NODE   READINESS GATES
nginx-deployment-58d4498bdd-kc2fz   1/1     Terminating         0          3m30s   10.1.209.132   ubuntub   <none>           <none>
nginx-deployment-58d4498bdd-kc2fz   1/1     Terminating         0          3m30s   10.1.209.132   ubuntub   <none>           <none>
nginx-deployment-58d4498bdd-wjkbx   0/1     Pending             0          0s      <none>         <none>    <none>           <none>
nginx-deployment-58d4498bdd-wjkbx   0/1     Pending             0          0s      <none>         <none>    <none>           <none>
nginx-deployment-58d4498bdd-kc2fz   1/1     Terminating         0          3m30s   10.1.209.132   ubuntub   <none>           <none>
nginx-deployment-58d4498bdd-kc2fz   0/1     Terminating         0          3m31s   10.1.209.132   ubuntub   <none>           <none>
nginx-deployment-58d4498bdd-kc2fz   0/1     Terminating         0          3m31s   10.1.209.132   ubuntub   <none>           <none>
nginx-deployment-58d4498bdd-kc2fz   0/1     Terminating         0          3m32s   10.1.209.132   ubuntub   <none>           <none>

因为被驱逐，老的Pod被终止，而新的Pod因为哪个Node可以被匹配到，而变成pending状态。

取消Label

接上上步，我们使用下面指令取消UbuntuB对Pod的驱逐

kubectl taint node ubuntub node_type=worker:NoExecute-

node/ubuntub untainted

可以看到Deployment将Pod调度到UbuntuB上

NAME                                READY   STATUS    RESTARTS   AGE   IP       NODE     NOMINATED NODE   READINESS GATES
nginx-deployment-58d4498bdd-wjkbx   0/1     ContainerCreating   0          5m20s   <none>         ubuntub   <none>           <none>
nginx-deployment-58d4498bdd-wjkbx   0/1     ContainerCreating   0          5m20s   <none>         ubuntub   <none>           <none>
nginx-deployment-58d4498bdd-wjkbx   1/1     Running             0          5m23s   10.1.209.133   ubuntub   <none>           <none>

然后我们使用下面指令取消UbuntuB的Label：name=unbuntb

kubectl label nodes ubuntub name-

这次Deployment不会驱逐该Pod

 kubectl get pod  -o wide

NAME                                READY   STATUS    RESTARTS   AGE   IP             NODE      NOMINATED NODE   READINESS GATES
nginx-deployment-58d4498bdd-wjkbx   1/1     Running   0          11m   10.1.209.133   ubuntub   <none>           <none>

总结

requiredDuringSchedulingIgnoredDuringExecution.nodeSelectorTerms.matchExpressions之间是取或的关系，即只要满足其中一个条件就可以被调度到。
没有匹配的条件，Pod会被创建，但是处于Pending状态，不会被部署到任何一个Node上。
如果Pod已经在Node上运行，此时删除Node匹配上的Label，Deployment不会终止该Pod。