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Tree 树形组件封装

article 2025/9/13 1:13:16

整体思路

  1. 数据结构设计

    • 使用递归的数据结构（TreeNode）表示树形数据
    • 每个节点包含id、name、可选的children数组和selected状态

  2. 状态管理

    • 使用useState在组件内部维护树状态的副本
    • 通过deepCopyTreeData函数进行深拷贝，避免直接修改原始数据

  3. 核心功能实现

    • checkChildrenStatus：检查子节点状态，用于确定父节点的选中状态
    • updateNodeStatus：递归更新节点状态，实现状态联动效果
    • findUpdatedNode：在更新后的树中查找特定节点

  4. 状态同步逻辑

    • 父节点选中/取消时，所有子节点跟随变化
    • 子节点全部选中时，父节点自动选中
    • 子节点全部未选中时，父节点自动取消选中

  5. 组件渲染

    • 使用递归的renderTreeNodes函数渲染任意深度的树结构
    • 每个节点包含复选框和名称，子节点通过缩进展示层级关系

  6. 外部交互

    • 通过onChange回调将状态变化通知给父组件
    • 使用useEffect监听外部数据变化，同步更新内部状态

组件目录结构

在这里插入图片描述

代码实现

example\App.tsx

import React from "react";
import { Tree, type TreeNode } from "../packages";export default function App() {const data: TreeNode[] = [{id: 1,name: "Node 1",children: [{ id: 2, name: "Node 1.1", selected: true },{id: 3,name: "Node 1.2",selected: false,children: [{ id: 4, name: "Node 1.2.1", selected: false },{ id: 5, name: "Node 1.2.2", selected: false },],},],selected: true,},{ id: 6, name: "Node 2", selected: false },];function onChange(node: TreeNode) {console.log(node);}return (<div><Tree data={data} onChange={onChange} /></div>);
};

example\index.html

<!DOCTYPE html>
<html lang="en">
<head><meta charset="UTF-8"><meta name="viewport" content="width=device-width, initial-scale=1.0"><title>Document</title>
</head>
<body><div id="root"></div><script type="module" src="./main.tsx"></script>
</body>
</html>

example\main.tsx

import React from "react";
import ReactDOM from "react-dom/client";
import App from "./App";ReactDOM.createRoot(document.getElementById("root") as HTMLElement).render(<App />
);

packages\Tree\src\tree.tsx

import React, { useEffect, useState } from "react";
import { TreeNode, TreeProps } from "./types";// 检查所有子节点状态并返回父节点应该的状态
const checkChildrenStatus = (node: TreeNode): boolean => {if (!node.children || node.children.length === 0) {return !!node.selected;}// 检查是否所有子节点都被选中const allSelected = node.children.every((child) =>child.children && child.children.length > 0? checkChildrenStatus(child): !!child.selected);return allSelected;
};// 深度复制树数据
const deepCopyTreeData = (data: TreeNode[]): TreeNode[] => {return data.map((node) => ({...node,children: node.children ? deepCopyTreeData(node.children) : undefined,}));
};// 更新节点状态
const updateNodeStatus = (nodes: TreeNode[],nodeId: string | number,status: boolean
): TreeNode[] => {return nodes.map((node) => {if (node.id === nodeId) {// 更新当前节点const updatedNode = { ...node, selected: status };// 如果有子节点，递归更新所有子节点if (node.children && node.children.length > 0) {updatedNode.children = updateNodeStatus(node.children, nodeId, status);// 再对所有子节点应用相同的状态updatedNode.children = updatedNode.children.map((child) => ({...child,selected: status,children: child.children? child.children.map((grandChild) => ({...grandChild,selected: status,})): undefined,}));}return updatedNode;} else if (node.children && node.children.length > 0) {// 递归检查子节点const updatedChildren = updateNodeStatus(node.children, nodeId, status);// 检查更新后的子节点状态以决定当前节点状态const allChildrenSelected = updatedChildren.every((child) => !!child.selected);const noChildrenSelected = updatedChildren.every((child) => !child.selected);let nodeStatus = node.selected;if (allChildrenSelected) {nodeStatus = true;} else if (noChildrenSelected) {nodeStatus = false;}return {...node,selected: nodeStatus,children: updatedChildren,};}return node;});
};const Tree: React.FC<TreeProps> = ({ data, onChange }) => {const [treeData, setTreeData] = useState<TreeNode[]>(deepCopyTreeData(data));// 处理节点选择状态变化const handleNodeChange = (node: TreeNode, checked: boolean) => {// 创建更新后的树数据const updatedTreeData = updateNodeStatus(deepCopyTreeData(treeData),node.id,checked);// 更新状态setTreeData(updatedTreeData);// 找到更新后的节点并调用onChangeconst findUpdatedNode = (nodes: TreeNode[],id: string | number): TreeNode | undefined => {for (const n of nodes) {if (n.id === id) return n;if (n.children) {const found = findUpdatedNode(n.children, id);if (found) return found;}}return undefined;};const updatedNode = findUpdatedNode(updatedTreeData, node.id);if (updatedNode && onChange) {onChange(updatedNode);}};// 渲染树节点const renderTreeNodes = (nodes: TreeNode[]) => {return nodes.map((node) => (<div key={node.id} className="tree-node"><inputtype="checkbox"checked={!!node.selected}onChange={(e) => handleNodeChange(node, e.target.checked)}/><span>{node.name}</span>{node.children && node.children.length > 0 && (<div className="children-container" style={{ marginLeft: "20px" }}>{renderTreeNodes(node.children)}</div>)}</div>));};// 当外部data props变化时更新内部状态useEffect(() => {setTreeData(deepCopyTreeData(data));}, [data]);return <div className="tree">{renderTreeNodes(treeData)}</div>;
};export default Tree;

packages\Tree\src\types.tsx

export interface TreeNode {id: string | number;name: string;children?: TreeNode[];selected: boolean;
}export interface TreeProps {data: TreeNode[];onChange: (node: TreeNode) => void;
}

packages\Tree\style\index.tsx (暂时无样式编写)

packages\Tree\tree.tsx

import Tree from "./src/tree";export * from "./src/types";
export { Tree };

packages\index.tsx

import { Tree } from "./Tree";export * from "./Tree";
export { Tree };

packages\vite.d.ts

/// <reference types="vite/client" />

package.json （通过 npm init -y 生成）

这样直接启动会有一个警告：The CJS build of Vite's Node API is deprecated. See https://vite.dev/guide/troubleshooting.html#vite-cjs-node-api-deprecated for more details.

原因是 node 项目模块化未指定类型 type: module

{"name": "react-tree","version": "1.0.0","main": "index.js","type": "module","directories": {"example": "example"},"scripts": {"dev": "vite","build": "vite build"},"keywords": [],"author": "","license": "ISC","description": "","devDependencies": {"@types/node": "^22.15.29","@types/react": "^19.1.6","@types/react-dom": "^19.1.5","@vitejs/plugin-react-swc": "^3.10.0", // 编译 react"vite": "^6.3.5", // 构建工具 "vite-plugin-dts": "^4.5.4" // 生成打包后的声明文件（便于代码提示）},"dependencies": {"react": "^19.1.0","react-dom": "^19.1.0"}
}

tsconfig.json（通过 tsc --init 生成）

{"compilerOptions": {/* Visit https://aka.ms/tsconfig to read more about this file *//* Projects */// "incremental": true,                              /* Save .tsbuildinfo files to allow for incremental compilation of projects. */// "composite": true,                                /* Enable constraints that allow a TypeScript project to be used with project references. */// "tsBuildInfoFile": "./.tsbuildinfo",              /* Specify the path to .tsbuildinfo incremental compilation file. */// "disableSourceOfProjectReferenceRedirect": true,  /* Disable preferring source files instead of declaration files when referencing composite projects. */// "disableSolutionSearching": true,                 /* Opt a project out of multi-project reference checking when editing. */// "disableReferencedProjectLoad": true,             /* Reduce the number of projects loaded automatically by TypeScript. *//* Language and Environment */"target": "es2016",                                  /* Set the JavaScript language version for emitted JavaScript and include compatible library declarations. */// "lib": [],                                        /* Specify a set of bundled library declaration files that describe the target runtime environment. */"jsx": "react-jsx",                                /* Specify what JSX code is generated. */// "experimentalDecorators": true,                   /* Enable experimental support for legacy experimental decorators. */// "emitDecoratorMetadata": true,                    /* Emit design-type metadata for decorated declarations in source files. */// "jsxFactory": "",                                 /* Specify the JSX factory function used when targeting React JSX emit, e.g. 'React.createElement' or 'h'. */// "jsxFragmentFactory": "",                         /* Specify the JSX Fragment reference used for fragments when targeting React JSX emit e.g. 'React.Fragment' or 'Fragment'. */// "jsxImportSource": "",                            /* Specify module specifier used to import the JSX factory functions when using 'jsx: react-jsx*'. */// "reactNamespace": "",                             /* Specify the object invoked for 'createElement'. This only applies when targeting 'react' JSX emit. */// "noLib": true,                                    /* Disable including any library files, including the default lib.d.ts. */// "useDefineForClassFields": true,                  /* Emit ECMAScript-standard-compliant class fields. */// "moduleDetection": "auto",                        /* Control what method is used to detect module-format JS files. *//* Modules */"module": "commonjs",                                /* Specify what module code is generated. */// "rootDir": "./",                                  /* Specify the root folder within your source files. */// "moduleResolution": "node10",                     /* Specify how TypeScript looks up a file from a given module specifier. */// "baseUrl": "./",                                  /* Specify the base directory to resolve non-relative module names. */// "paths": {},                                      /* Specify a set of entries that re-map imports to additional lookup locations. */// "rootDirs": [],                                   /* Allow multiple folders to be treated as one when resolving modules. */// "typeRoots": [],                                  /* Specify multiple folders that act like './node_modules/@types'. */// "types": [],                                      /* Specify type package names to be included without being referenced in a source file. */// "allowUmdGlobalAccess": true,                     /* Allow accessing UMD globals from modules. */// "moduleSuffixes": [],                             /* List of file name suffixes to search when resolving a module. */// "allowImportingTsExtensions": true,               /* Allow imports to include TypeScript file extensions. Requires '--moduleResolution bundler' and either '--noEmit' or '--emitDeclarationOnly' to be set. */// "resolvePackageJsonExports": true,                /* Use the package.json 'exports' field when resolving package imports. */// "resolvePackageJsonImports": true,                /* Use the package.json 'imports' field when resolving imports. */// "customConditions": [],                           /* Conditions to set in addition to the resolver-specific defaults when resolving imports. */// "resolveJsonModule": true,                        /* Enable importing .json files. */// "allowArbitraryExtensions": true,                 /* Enable importing files with any extension, provided a declaration file is present. */// "noResolve": true,                                /* Disallow 'import's, 'require's or '<reference>'s from expanding the number of files TypeScript should add to a project. *//* JavaScript Support */// "allowJs": true,                                  /* Allow JavaScript files to be a part of your program. Use the 'checkJS' option to get errors from these files. */// "checkJs": true,                                  /* Enable error reporting in type-checked JavaScript files. */// "maxNodeModuleJsDepth": 1,                        /* Specify the maximum folder depth used for checking JavaScript files from 'node_modules'. Only applicable with 'allowJs'. *//* Emit */// "declaration": true,                              /* Generate .d.ts files from TypeScript and JavaScript files in your project. */// "declarationMap": true,                           /* Create sourcemaps for d.ts files. */// "emitDeclarationOnly": true,                      /* Only output d.ts files and not JavaScript files. */// "sourceMap": true,                                /* Create source map files for emitted JavaScript files. */// "inlineSourceMap": true,                          /* Include sourcemap files inside the emitted JavaScript. */// "outFile": "./",                                  /* Specify a file that bundles all outputs into one JavaScript file. If 'declaration' is true, also designates a file that bundles all .d.ts output. */// "outDir": "./",                                   /* Specify an output folder for all emitted files. */// "removeComments": true,                           /* Disable emitting comments. */// "noEmit": true,                                   /* Disable emitting files from a compilation. */// "importHelpers": true,                            /* Allow importing helper functions from tslib once per project, instead of including them per-file. */// "importsNotUsedAsValues": "remove",               /* Specify emit/checking behavior for imports that are only used for types. */// "downlevelIteration": true,                       /* Emit more compliant, but verbose and less performant JavaScript for iteration. */// "sourceRoot": "",                                 /* Specify the root path for debuggers to find the reference source code. */// "mapRoot": "",                                    /* Specify the location where debugger should locate map files instead of generated locations. */// "inlineSources": true,                            /* Include source code in the sourcemaps inside the emitted JavaScript. */// "emitBOM": true,                                  /* Emit a UTF-8 Byte Order Mark (BOM) in the beginning of output files. */// "newLine": "crlf",                                /* Set the newline character for emitting files. */// "stripInternal": true,                            /* Disable emitting declarations that have '@internal' in their JSDoc comments. */// "noEmitHelpers": true,                            /* Disable generating custom helper functions like '__extends' in compiled output. */// "noEmitOnError": true,                            /* Disable emitting files if any type checking errors are reported. */// "preserveConstEnums": true,                       /* Disable erasing 'const enum' declarations in generated code. */// "declarationDir": "./",                           /* Specify the output directory for generated declaration files. */// "preserveValueImports": true,                     /* Preserve unused imported values in the JavaScript output that would otherwise be removed. *//* Interop Constraints */// "isolatedModules": true,                          /* Ensure that each file can be safely transpiled without relying on other imports. */// "verbatimModuleSyntax": true,                     /* Do not transform or elide any imports or exports not marked as type-only, ensuring they are written in the output file's format based on the 'module' setting. */// "allowSyntheticDefaultImports": true,             /* Allow 'import x from y' when a module doesn't have a default export. */"esModuleInterop": true,                             /* Emit additional JavaScript to ease support for importing CommonJS modules. This enables 'allowSyntheticDefaultImports' for type compatibility. */// "preserveSymlinks": true,                         /* Disable resolving symlinks to their realpath. This correlates to the same flag in node. */"forceConsistentCasingInFileNames": true,            /* Ensure that casing is correct in imports. *//* Type Checking */"strict": true,                                      /* Enable all strict type-checking options. */// "noImplicitAny": true,                            /* Enable error reporting for expressions and declarations with an implied 'any' type. */// "strictNullChecks": true,                         /* When type checking, take into account 'null' and 'undefined'. */// "strictFunctionTypes": true,                      /* When assigning functions, check to ensure parameters and the return values are subtype-compatible. */// "strictBindCallApply": true,                      /* Check that the arguments for 'bind', 'call', and 'apply' methods match the original function. */// "strictPropertyInitialization": true,             /* Check for class properties that are declared but not set in the constructor. */// "noImplicitThis": true,                           /* Enable error reporting when 'this' is given the type 'any'. */// "useUnknownInCatchVariables": true,               /* Default catch clause variables as 'unknown' instead of 'any'. */// "alwaysStrict": true,                             /* Ensure 'use strict' is always emitted. */// "noUnusedLocals": true,                           /* Enable error reporting when local variables aren't read. */// "noUnusedParameters": true,                       /* Raise an error when a function parameter isn't read. */// "exactOptionalPropertyTypes": true,               /* Interpret optional property types as written, rather than adding 'undefined'. */// "noImplicitReturns": true,                        /* Enable error reporting for codepaths that do not explicitly return in a function. */// "noFallthroughCasesInSwitch": true,               /* Enable error reporting for fallthrough cases in switch statements. */// "noUncheckedIndexedAccess": true,                 /* Add 'undefined' to a type when accessed using an index. */// "noImplicitOverride": true,                       /* Ensure overriding members in derived classes are marked with an override modifier. */// "noPropertyAccessFromIndexSignature": true,       /* Enforces using indexed accessors for keys declared using an indexed type. */// "allowUnusedLabels": true,                        /* Disable error reporting for unused labels. */// "allowUnreachableCode": true,                     /* Disable error reporting for unreachable code. *//* Completeness */// "skipDefaultLibCheck": true,                      /* Skip type checking .d.ts files that are included with TypeScript. */"skipLibCheck": true                                 /* Skip type checking all .d.ts files. */}
}

这样直接生成的会有一个问题：无法使用 JSX，除非提供了 "--jsx" 标志。 所以我们需要让 ts 配置（tsconfig.json）为支持 jsx 语法。"jsx": "react-jsx",

vite.config.ts

import { defineConfig } from "vite";
import react from "@vitejs/plugin-react-swc";
import path from "node:path";export default defineConfig({plugins: [react()],root: path.resolve(__dirname, "example"), // 如果不配置，默认会从根目录找 index.htmlserver: {port: 3000,open: true,},
});

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