学习 Python 之 Pygame 开发坦克大战（五）

坦克大战完善地图

我的素材放到了百度网盘里，里面还有原版坦克大战素材，我都放在一起来，我的素材是从原版改的，各位小伙伴可以直接用或者自己改一下再用，做出适合自己的素材

素材链接：百度网盘
链接：https://pan.baidu.com/s/19sCyH7rp37f6DzRj0iXDCA?pwd=tkdz
提取码：tkdz

那我们就继续编写坦克大战吧

1. 创建砖墙

坦克大战中，砖墙是最常见的墙，子弹都可以轻松击穿，下面我们来加入到自己的坦克大战中

创建砖墙类

import pygame.image
from ParentObject import ParentObjectclass BrickWall(ParentObject):def __init__(self, x, y):super().__init__()self.image = pygame.image.load('../Image/Wall/BrickWall.png')self.rect = self.image.get_rect()self.rect.left = xself.rect.top = yself.isDestroy = Falsedef draw(self, window):window.blit(self.image, self.rect)

在主类中加入砖墙列表

class MainGame:...# 砖墙brickWallList = []...

在主类中加入初始化砖墙函数和显示砖墙函数

def drawBrickWall(self, brickWallList):for brickWall in brickWallList:if brickWall.isDestroy:brickWallList.remove(brickWall)else:brickWall.draw(MainGame.window)def initBrickWall(self):for i in range(20):MainGame.brickWallList.append(BrickWall(i * 25, 200))

这里我在y = 200的位置，连续画出20个砖，砖的图片是25x25的，所以为了防止重叠，要间隔25个距离（像素）

在主函数startGame()函数中调用函数

def startGame(self):# 初始化展示模块pygame.display.init()# 设置窗口大小size = (SCREEN_WIDTH, SCREEN_HEIGHT)# 初始化窗口MainGame.window = pygame.display.set_mode(size)# 设置窗口标题pygame.display.set_caption('Tank Battle')# 初始化我方坦克MainGame.playerTank = PlayerTank(PLAYER_TANK_POSITION[0], PLAYER_TANK_POSITION[1], 1, 1)# 播放开始音乐MainGame.startingSound.play()# 初始化场景self.initBrickWall()while 1:# 设置背景颜色MainGame.window.fill(BACKGROUND_COLOR)# 获取窗口事件self.getPlayingModeEvent()# 显示物体self.drawBrickWall(MainGame.brickWallList)# 展示敌方坦克self.drawEnemyTank()# 显示我方坦克MainGame.playerTank.draw(MainGame.window, PLAYER_TANK_POSITION[0], PLAYER_TANK_POSITION[1])# 我方坦克移动if not MainGame.playerTank.stop:MainGame.playerTank.move()MainGame.playerTank.collideEnemyTank(MainGame.enemyTankList)# 显示我方坦克子弹self.drawPlayerBullet(MainGame.playerBulletList)# 展示敌方坦克子弹self.drawEnemyBullet()# 展示爆炸效果self.drawExplode()# 更新窗口pygame.display.update()

运行一下，看看结果

但是墙只是摆设，子弹可以穿过，坦克也可以穿过，下面给墙增加碰撞效果

2. 给砖墙增加子弹击中的碰撞效果

在子弹类中增加函数

def bulletCollideBrickWall(self, brickWallList, explodeList):for brickWall in brickWallList:# 子弹与墙发生碰撞if pygame.sprite.collide_rect(self, brickWall):self.isDestroy = TruebrickWall.isDestroy = True# 碰撞出现爆炸效果explode = Explode(brickWall, 25)explodeList.append(explode)# 出现爆炸播放音效Sound('../Sound/block.wav').play()

在主函数中调用
修改显示子弹的两个函数

def drawPlayerBullet(self, playerBulletList):# 遍历整个子弹列表，如果是没有被销毁的状态，就把子弹显示出来，否则从列表中删除for bullet in playerBulletList:if not bullet.isDestroy:bullet.draw(MainGame.window)bullet.move(MainGame.explodeList)bullet.playerBulletCollideEnemyTank(MainGame.enemyTankList, MainGame.explodeList)bullet.bulletCollideBrickWall(MainGame.brickWallList, MainGame.explodeList)else:playerBulletList.remove(bullet)

def drawEnemyBullet(self):for bullet in MainGame.enemyTankBulletList:if not bullet.isDestroy:bullet.draw(MainGame.window)bullet.move(MainGame.explodeList)bullet.enemyBulletCollidePlayerTank(MainGame.playerTank, MainGame.explodeList)bullet.bulletCollideBrickWall(MainGame.brickWallList, MainGame.explodeList)else:bullet.source.bulletCount -= 1MainGame.enemyTankBulletList.remove(bullet)

运行一下看看

可以看到墙可以被打掉了

3. 给砖墙添加坦克不能通过的碰撞效果

在敌方坦克类中加入函数，在我方坦克类中加入函数
collideBrickWall()

def collideBrickWall(self, brickWallList):for brickWall in brickWallList:if pygame.sprite.collide_rect(self, brickWall):self.rect.left = self.prvXself.rect.top = self.prvY

在主类中调用
在while循环中调用

while 1:# 设置背景颜色MainGame.window.fill(BACKGROUND_COLOR)# 获取窗口事件self.getPlayingModeEvent()# 显示物体self.drawBrickWall(MainGame.brickWallList)# 展示敌方坦克self.drawEnemyTank()# 显示我方坦克MainGame.playerTank.draw(MainGame.window, PLAYER_TANK_POSITION[0], PLAYER_TANK_POSITION[1])# 我方坦克移动if not MainGame.playerTank.stop:MainGame.playerTank.move()MainGame.playerTank.collideEnemyTank(MainGame.enemyTankList)# 不能撞墙MainGame.playerTank.collideBrickWall(MainGame.brickWallList)

在主类的drawEnemyTank()中调用

def drawEnemyTank(self):...for tank in MainGame.enemyTankList:# 坦克还有生命值if tank.life > 0:tank.draw(MainGame.window)tank.move()tank.collidePlayerTank(MainGame.playerTank)tank.collideEnemyTank(MainGame.enemyTankList)# 不能撞墙tank.collideBrickWall(MainGame.brickWallList)bullet = tank.shot()if bullet is not None:MainGame.enemyTankBulletList.append(bullet)# 坦克生命值为0，就从列表中剔除else:MainGame.enemyTankCurrentCount -= 1MainGame.enemyTankList.remove(tank)

运行一下，看看效果

确实是不能穿过了
那就完成啦，接下来就是添加其他的物体了
添加的过程跟添加砖墙是一样的

4. 添加石墙

创建石墙类

import pygame.image
from ParentObject import ParentObjectclass StoneWall(ParentObject):def __init__(self, x, y):super().__init__()self.image = pygame.image.load('../Image/Wall/StoneWall.png')self.rect = self.image.get_rect()self.rect.left = xself.rect.top = yself.isDestroy = Falsedef draw(self, window):window.blit(self.image, self.rect)

在主类中加入石墙列表
在主类中加入显示石墙函数

def initStoneWall(self):for i in range(20):MainGame.stoneWallList.append(StoneWall(i * 25, 400))def drawStoneWall(self, stoneWallList):for stoneWall in stoneWallList:if stoneWall.isDestroy:stoneWallList.remove(stoneWall)else:stoneWall.draw(MainGame.window)

给石墙添加坦克不能通过的碰撞效果
在敌方坦克类中加入函数，在我方坦克类中加入函数
collideStoneWall()

def collideStoneWall(self, stoneWallList):for stoneWall in stoneWallList:if pygame.sprite.collide_rect(self, stoneWall):self.rect.left = self.prvXself.rect.top = self.prvY

在主类中调用函数

接下来是给子弹添加打击石墙的效果

def bulletCollideStoneWall(self, stoneWallList, explodeList):for stoneWall in stoneWallList:if pygame.sprite.collide_rect(self, stoneWall):# 判断坦克的等级，大于等于2时，可以打穿石墙if self.source.level >= 2:stoneWall.isDestroy = Trueself.isDestroy = Trueexplode = Explode(stoneWall, 25)explodeList.append(explode)Sound('../Sound/block.wav').play()

在主类中调用函数

主类的完整代码

import pygame
import sysfrom PlayerTank import PlayerTank
from EnemyTank import EnemyTank
from Sound import Sound
from BrickWall import BrickWall
from StoneWall import StoneWallSCREEN_WIDTH = 1100
SCREEN_HEIGHT = 600
BACKGROUND_COLOR = pygame.Color(0, 0, 0)
FONT_COLOR = (255, 255, 255)
PLAYER_TANK_POSITION = (325, 550)class MainGame:# 窗口Surface对象window = None# 玩家坦克playerTank = None# 玩家子弹playerBulletList = []playerBulletNumber = 3# 敌人坦克enemyTankList = []enemyTankTotalCount = 5# 用来给玩家展示坦克的数量enemyTankCurrentCount = 5# 敌人坦克子弹enemyTankBulletList = []# 爆炸列表explodeList = []# 坦克移动音效playerTankMoveSound = Sound('../Sound/player.move.wav').setVolume()# 游戏开始音效startingSound = Sound('../Sound/intro.wav')# 砖墙brickWallList = []# 石墙stoneWallList = []def __init__(self):passdef startGame(self):# 初始化展示模块pygame.display.init()# 设置窗口大小size = (SCREEN_WIDTH, SCREEN_HEIGHT)# 初始化窗口MainGame.window = pygame.display.set_mode(size)# 设置窗口标题pygame.display.set_caption('Tank Battle')# 初始化我方坦克MainGame.playerTank = PlayerTank(PLAYER_TANK_POSITION[0], PLAYER_TANK_POSITION[1], 1, 1)# 播放开始音乐MainGame.startingSound.play()# 初始化场景self.initBrickWall()self.initStoneWall()while 1:# 设置背景颜色MainGame.window.fill(BACKGROUND_COLOR)# 获取窗口事件self.getPlayingModeEvent()# 显示物体self.drawBrickWall(MainGame.brickWallList)self.drawStoneWall(MainGame.stoneWallList)# 展示敌方坦克self.drawEnemyTank()# 显示我方坦克MainGame.playerTank.draw(MainGame.window, PLAYER_TANK_POSITION[0], PLAYER_TANK_POSITION[1])# 我方坦克移动if not MainGame.playerTank.stop:MainGame.playerTank.move()MainGame.playerTank.collideEnemyTank(MainGame.enemyTankList)MainGame.playerTank.collideBrickWall(MainGame.brickWallList)MainGame.playerTank.collideStoneWall(MainGame.stoneWallList)# 显示我方坦克子弹self.drawPlayerBullet(MainGame.playerBulletList)# 展示敌方坦克子弹self.drawEnemyBullet()# 展示爆炸效果self.drawExplode()# 更新窗口pygame.display.update()def getPlayingModeEvent(self):# 获取所有事件eventList = pygame.event.get()for event in eventList:if event.type == pygame.QUIT:sys.exit()"""stop属性用来控制坦克移动，当键盘按键按下时，坦克可以移动，一直按住一直移动，当按键抬起时，停止移动如果没有该属性，按一下按键移动一次，按一下移动一下，不能一直按住一直移动"""if event.type == pygame.KEYDOWN:MainGame.playerTankMoveSound.play(-1)if event.key == pygame.K_w:MainGame.playerTank.direction = 'UP'MainGame.playerTank.stop = Falseelif event.key == pygame.K_s:MainGame.playerTank.direction = 'DOWN'MainGame.playerTank.stop = Falseelif event.key == pygame.K_a:MainGame.playerTank.direction = 'LEFT'MainGame.playerTank.stop = Falseelif event.key == pygame.K_d:MainGame.playerTank.direction = 'RIGHT'MainGame.playerTank.stop = Falseelif event.key == pygame.K_j:# 判断子弹数量是否超过指定的个数if len(MainGame.playerBulletList) < MainGame.playerBulletNumber:bullet = MainGame.playerTank.shot()MainGame.playerBulletList.append(bullet)# 添加音效Sound('../Sound/shoot.wav').play(0)if event.type == pygame.KEYUP:MainGame.playerTankMoveSound.stop()if event.key == pygame.K_w:MainGame.playerTank.stop = Trueelif event.key == pygame.K_s:MainGame.playerTank.stop = Trueelif event.key == pygame.K_a:MainGame.playerTank.stop = Trueelif event.key == pygame.K_d:MainGame.playerTank.stop = Truedef drawPlayerBullet(self, playerBulletList):# 遍历整个子弹列表，如果是没有被销毁的状态，就把子弹显示出来，否则从列表中删除for bullet in playerBulletList:if not bullet.isDestroy:bullet.draw(MainGame.window)bullet.move(MainGame.explodeList)bullet.playerBulletCollideEnemyTank(MainGame.enemyTankList, MainGame.explodeList)bullet.bulletCollideBrickWall(MainGame.brickWallList, MainGame.explodeList)bullet.bulletCollideStoneWall(MainGame.stoneWallList, MainGame.explodeList)else:playerBulletList.remove(bullet)def drawEnemyTank(self):# 如果当前坦克为0，那么就该重新生成坦克if len(MainGame.enemyTankList) == 0:# 一次性产生三个，如果剩余坦克数量超过三，那只能产生三个n = min(3, MainGame.enemyTankTotalCount)# 如果最小是0，就说明敌人坦克没有了，那么就赢了if n == 0:print('赢了')return# 没有赢的话，就产生n个坦克self.initEnemyTank(n)# 总个数减去产生的个数MainGame.enemyTankTotalCount -= n# 遍历坦克列表，展示坦克并且移动for tank in MainGame.enemyTankList:# 坦克还有生命值if tank.life > 0:tank.draw(MainGame.window)tank.move()tank.collidePlayerTank(MainGame.playerTank)tank.collideEnemyTank(MainGame.enemyTankList)tank.collideBrickWall(MainGame.brickWallList)tank.collideStoneWall(MainGame.stoneWallList)bullet = tank.shot()if bullet is not None:MainGame.enemyTankBulletList.append(bullet)# 坦克生命值为0，就从列表中剔除else:MainGame.enemyTankCurrentCount -= 1MainGame.enemyTankList.remove(tank)def initEnemyTank(self, number):y = 0position = [0, 425, 850]index = 0for i in range(number):x = position[index]enemyTank = EnemyTank(x, y)MainGame.enemyTankList.append(enemyTank)index += 1def drawEnemyBullet(self):for bullet in MainGame.enemyTankBulletList:if not bullet.isDestroy:bullet.draw(MainGame.window)bullet.move(MainGame.explodeList)bullet.enemyBulletCollidePlayerTank(MainGame.playerTank, MainGame.explodeList)bullet.bulletCollideBrickWall(MainGame.brickWallList, MainGame.explodeList)bullet.bulletCollideStoneWall(MainGame.stoneWallList, MainGame.explodeList)else:bullet.source.bulletCount -= 1MainGame.enemyTankBulletList.remove(bullet)def drawExplode(self):for e in MainGame.explodeList:if e.isDestroy:MainGame.explodeList.remove(e)else:e.draw(MainGame.window)def drawBrickWall(self, brickWallList):for brickWall in brickWallList:if brickWall.isDestroy:brickWallList.remove(brickWall)else:brickWall.draw(MainGame.window)def initBrickWall(self):for i in range(20):MainGame.brickWallList.append(BrickWall(i * 25, 200))def initStoneWall(self):for i in range(20):MainGame.stoneWallList.append(StoneWall(i * 25, 400))def drawStoneWall(self, stoneWallList):for stoneWall in stoneWallList:if stoneWall.isDestroy:stoneWallList.remove(stoneWall)else:stoneWall.draw(MainGame.window)if __name__ == '__main__':MainGame().startGame()

5. 添加玩家基地

坦克大战是玩家坦克在保护自己基地的同时消灭敌方坦克，当玩家坦克生命值为0或者基地爆炸时，游戏失败，下面来添加玩家的基地

创建基地类

import pygame.imagefrom ParentObject import ParentObjectclass Home(ParentObject):def __init__(self, x, y):super().__init__()self.image = pygame.image.load('../Image/Home/Home.png')self.rect = self.image.get_rect()self.rect.left = xself.rect.top = yself.isDestroy = Falsedef draw(self, window):window.blit(self.image, self.rect)

为基地添加碰撞效果，在两个坦克类中加入下面的函数

def collideHome(self, home):if pygame.sprite.collide_rect(self, home):self.rect.left = self.prvXself.rect.top = self.prvY

在主函数创建基地变量，并初始化和调用上面的函数

之后给基地加入子弹击中效果

def bulletCollidePlayerHome(self, home, explodeList):if pygame.sprite.collide_rect(self, home):self.isDestroy = Trueexplode = Explode(home, 50)explodeList.append(explode)Sound('../Sound/buh.wav').play()return Trueelse:return False

返回值用来判断是否结束游戏
在主类中设置一个变量记录是否游戏结束

def __init__(self):# 初始化MainGame.home = Home(425, 550)# 记录是否输了self.isDefeated = False

在循环中检查

while 1:...# 检查是否输了if self.isDefeated:self.defeated()break...

def defeated(self):# 失败了坦克不能移动了MainGame.playerTankMoveSound.stop()# 播放失败音乐Sound('../Sound/gameOver.wav').play()print('游戏结束')self.isDefeated = True

游戏结束后要改变窗口中的内容，显示你输了，所以要用break跳出

这里需要使用到在窗口显示文字，编写一个函数

def drawText(self, text, x, y, fontSize, window):# 初始化字体pygame.font.init()font = pygame.font.SysFont('georgia', fontSize)# 加载文字并设置颜色fontColor = pygame.Color(255, 255, 255)fontObject = font.render(text, True, fontColor)# 展示文字window.blit(fontObject, (x, y))

记得在主函数中调用

while 1:# 设置背景颜色MainGame.window.fill(BACKGROUND_COLOR)# 获取窗口事件self.getPlayingModeEvent()# 显示物体self.drawBrickWall(MainGame.brickWallList)self.drawStoneWall(MainGame.stoneWallList)MainGame.home.draw(MainGame.window)# 展示敌方坦克self.drawEnemyTank()# 显示我方坦克MainGame.playerTank.draw(MainGame.window, PLAYER_TANK_POSITION[0], PLAYER_TANK_POSITION[1])# 我方坦克移动if not MainGame.playerTank.stop:MainGame.playerTank.move()MainGame.playerTank.collideEnemyTank(MainGame.enemyTankList)MainGame.playerTank.collideBrickWall(MainGame.brickWallList)MainGame.playerTank.collideStoneWall(MainGame.stoneWallList)MainGame.playerTank.collideHome(MainGame.home)# 显示我方坦克子弹self.drawPlayerBullet(MainGame.playerBulletList)# 展示敌方坦克子弹self.drawEnemyBullet()# 展示爆炸效果self.drawExplode()# 检查是否输了if self.isDefeated:self.defeated()break# 更新窗口pygame.display.update()# 设置背景颜色
MainGame.window.fill(BACKGROUND_COLOR)# 显示字体
self.drawText('Defeated', 200, 200, 50, MainGame.window)# 更新窗口
pygame.display.update()

给玩家提示敌人坦克数量

到这里，坦克大战的基本功能就实现了，接下来就是添加其他的场景物体和坦克样子了

6. 最终效果

主界面，这里直接放了一张图片上去，图片在素材里，上面的坦克是自己画上去的，w和s键可以上下移动坦克，选择对应的模式

选择关卡，这里使用用了四张图片，左右箭头，上面的标题和start文字，这些都是图片，按下黄色箭头可以选择关卡，使用的鼠标事件

游戏界面

其中加入了奖励功能

地图制作可以使用excel读取信息，下面是第一关的地图

坦克大战代码

链接：https://pan.baidu.com/s/1qFV-0hi0cgZS1Hnvx6mK6Q?pwd=90tk
提取码：90tk