c++中的多线程通信

信息传递

#include <iostream>  
#include <thread>  
#include <chrono>  
#include <mutex>  
#include <condition_variable>  
#include <queue>  // 用于存储和同步数据的结构  
struct Data {std::queue<std::string> messages;std::mutex mutex;std::condition_variable condVar;
};// 第一个线程函数  
void thread1(Data& data) {for (int i = 0; i < 10; i++) {std::this_thread::sleep_for(std::chrono::seconds(5));std::lock_guard<std::mutex> lock(data.mutex);data.messages.push("Hello Word!");data.condVar.notify_one(); // 通知第二个线程  }
}// 第二个线程函数  
void thread2(Data& data) {while (true) {std::unique_lock<std::mutex> lock(data.mutex);data.condVar.wait(lock, [&]() { return !data.messages.empty(); }); // 等待第一个线程的通知  std::string message = data.messages.front();data.messages.pop();lock.unlock();std::cout << "Received: " << message << std::endl;}
}int main() {Data data;std::thread t1(thread1, std::ref(data));std::thread t2(thread2, std::ref(data));t1.join();t2.detach(); // 我们希望第二个线程继续运行，所以分离它  return 0;
}

事件管理

#include <iostream>  
#include <thread>  
#include <mutex>  
#include <condition_variable>  
#include <queue>  class EventManager {
public:EventManager() {}void publish(int data) {std::unique_lock<std::mutex> lock(m_mutex);m_dataQueue.push(data);m_cond.notify_all();}int subscribe() {std::unique_lock<std::mutex> lock(m_mutex);while (m_dataQueue.empty()) {m_cond.wait(lock);}int data = m_dataQueue.front();m_dataQueue.pop();return data;}private:std::mutex m_mutex;std::condition_variable m_cond;std::queue<int> m_dataQueue;
};void threadFunction1(EventManager& eventManager) {for (int i = 1; i <= 10; ++i) {eventManager.publish(i);std::cout << "Thread 1 published data: " << i << std::endl;}
}void threadFunction2(EventManager& eventManager) {for (int i = 1; i <= 10; ++i) {int data = eventManager.subscribe();std::cout << "Thread 2 subscribed data: " << data << std::endl;}
}int main() {EventManager eventManager;std::thread thread1(threadFunction1, std::ref(eventManager));std::thread thread2(threadFunction2, std::ref(eventManager));thread1.join();thread2.join();return 0;
}