C语言贪吃蛇（有详细注释）

这个贪吃蛇是在比特特训营里学到的，同时我还写了用EasyX图形库实现的图形化贪吃蛇，含有每个函数的实现以及游戏中各种细节的讲解，感兴趣的可以去看一看。
贪吃蛇小游戏

实现效果

以下就是源码，感兴趣的小伙伴可以cv自己玩一玩改造改造，每个函数都有相应功能细节的注释，有用的话欢迎大家点赞
snake.h

#pragma once
#include <locale.h>
#include <Windows.h>
#include <stdio.h>
#include <stdlib.h>
#include <stdbool.h>
#include <time.h>
#define wall L'¤'
#define body L'◎'
#define food L'★'
#define POS_X 24
#define POS_Y 5#define KEY_PRESS(VK) ( (GetAsyncKeyState(VK) &0x1)?1:0)//今天继续写，写完删除该行注释
enum DIRECTION//四个方向
{UP = 1,DOWN,LEFT,RIGHT
};
enum GAME_STATUS//游戏状态：正常，退出，撞墙，吃到自己
{OK=1,END_NOMAL,//正常退出KILL_BY_WALL,KILL_BY_SELF
};
typedef struct SnakeNode
{int x;int y;struct SnakeNode* next;
}SnakeNode,* pSnakeNode;
//相当于
//typedef struct SnakeNode* pSnakeNode;//结构体指针的重命名//描述蛇的结构体
typedef struct snake
{pSnakeNode _psnake;//指向贪吃蛇头结点的指针。pSnakeNode _fFood;//假设食物也是蛇节点的指针，吃掉时改变其状态即可。int _Score;//分数，到时候要打印int _Foodweight;int SleepTime;//每走一步休息的时间，时间越短，速度越快enum DIRECTION _Dir;//方向，用枚举常量给出enum GAME_STATUS _status;
}Snake,*psnake;//游戏开始
void GameStart(psnake);
//欢迎界面
WecomeGame();//打印游戏界面
//创建地图
void CreatMap();
void InitSnake(psnake ps);
void CreateFood(psnake ps);//游戏的正常运行
void GameRun(psnake ps);
//打印帮助信息
void SetPos(short x, short y);int KillBySelf(psnake ps);void GameOver(psnake ps);

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snake.c

#define _CRT_SECURE_NO_WARNINGS
#include "snake.h"
//设置光标位置
void SetPos(short x, short y)
{COORD pos = { x,y };HANDLE hOutput = NULL;//获取标准输出的句柄hOutput = GetStdHandle(STD_OUTPUT_HANDLE);//设置标准输出上光标的位置为posSetConsoleCursorPosition(hOutput, pos);
}
WecomeGame()//打印游戏界面
{//定位光标,打印欢迎语句SetPos(40,15);printf("欢迎来到贪吃蛇游戏");SetPos(37, 27);//printf("按任意键继续");system("pause");//暂停程序，库函数的暂停命令//清空屏幕system("cls");SetPos(20, 15);printf("上下左右为↑↓←→,F3为加速，F4为减速  ");system("pause");//暂停程序，库函数的暂停命令system("cls");CreatMap();
}
void CreatMap()
{int i = 0;//通过创建的终端大小打印地图SetPos(0, 0);for (i = 0; i <= 56; i+=2){wprintf(L"%c",wall);}SetPos(0, 26);for (i = 0; i <= 56; i += 2){wprintf(L"%c", wall);}for (i = 1; i <= 25; i++){SetPos(0, i);wprintf(L"%c", wall);	}for (i = 1; i <= 25; i++){SetPos(56, i);wprintf(L"%c", wall);}
}void GameStart(psnake ps)
{//初始化控制台窗体及初始化信息system("mode con cols=100 lines=30");//长宽system("title 贪吃蛇");//光标隐藏掉HANDLE hOutput = GetStdHandle(STD_OUTPUT_HANDLE);CONSOLE_CURSOR_INFO CursorInfo;GetConsoleCursorInfo(hOutput, &CursorInfo);//得到控制台光标信息CursorInfo.bVisible = false;//将状态设置为fasle，隐藏SetConsoleCursorInfo(hOutput, &CursorInfo);//设置控制台光标状态//打印欢迎界面，提示WecomeGame();//打印游戏界面//初始化贪吃蛇InitSnake(ps);//创建食物CreateFood(ps);
}
void CreateFood(psnake ps)//创建食物
{//坐标范围内随机生成，且不可以生成在蛇身上。int x = 0;int y = 0;again:do{x = rand() % 53 + 2;y = rand() % 25 + 1;} while (x % 2 != 0);//横坐标为2的倍数，因为宽字符的原因//坐标不可以和蛇的节点坐标冲突pSnakeNode cur = ps->_psnake;while (cur){//比较坐标if (cur->x == x && cur->y == y){goto again;//也可以利用循环解决}cur = cur->next;}pSnakeNode pfood = (pSnakeNode)malloc(sizeof(SnakeNode));if (pfood == NULL){perror("malloc fail");return;}pfood->x = x;pfood->y = y;ps->_fFood = pfood;//打印食物SetPos(x, y);wprintf(L"%lc", food);//getchar();随时阻塞，判断效果
}
void InitSnake(psnake ps)//初始化蛇
{int i = 0;for (i = 0; i < 5; i++){pSnakeNode snk = (pSnakeNode)malloc(sizeof(SnakeNode));if (snk == NULL)//问题检查{perror("malloc fail");return;}snk->x = POS_X + 2*i;//节点位置不同snk->y = POS_Y;snk->next = NULL;if (ps->_psnake == NULL){ps->_psnake = snk;}else//此时_psnake修饰的就是蛇节点的头结点{snk->next = ps->_psnake;ps->_psnake = snk;}}//打印蛇的身体pSnakeNode cur = ps->_psnake;while (cur){SetPos(cur->x, cur->y);wprintf(L"% c", body);cur = cur->next;}//蛇的相关数据ps->_status = OK;ps->_Score = 0;ps->_Foodweight = 10;ps->_fFood = NULL;ps->SleepTime = 200;//休眠时间关乎蛇移动的速度ps->_Dir = RIGHT;
}
void PrintInform()
{SetPos(60, 15);printf("1:不能穿墙，不能咬到自己");SetPos(60, 17);printf("2:上下左右为↑↓←→,F3为加速，F4为减速");SetPos(60, 19);printf("3:F3加速，F4减速，Esc退出，空格暂停");//getchar();
}void Pause()//暂停游戏或者继续游戏
{while (1){Sleep(100);if (KEY_PRESS(VK_SPACE)){break;}}
}//判断是否吃掉食物
int NextIsFood(psnake ps,pSnakeNode pnext)
{if (ps->_fFood->x == pnext->x && ps->_fFood->y == pnext->y){return 1;}else{return 0;}
}void EatFood(psnake ps, pSnakeNode pnext)//吃掉
{pnext->next = ps->_psnake;ps->_psnake = pnext;//把蛇头换一换//打印蛇pSnakeNode cur = ps->_psnake;while (cur){SetPos(cur->x, cur->y);wprintf(L"%lc", body);cur = cur->next;}//清理食物节点（食物节点是malloc出来的，所以要清理，不然会造成内存浪费），加分free(ps->_fFood);ps->_Score += ps->_Foodweight;//继续创建食物CreateFood(ps);
}void NotEatFood(psnake ps, pSnakeNode pnext)//没有吃掉
{//如果不是食物,生成新的节点，删掉最后一个节点//头插pnext->next = ps->_psnake;ps->_psnake = pnext;//把蛇头换一换//打印社蛇的身体pSnakeNode cur = ps->_psnake;while (cur->next->next)//生成了新的头节点，只打印五个{SetPos(cur->x, cur->y);wprintf(L"%lc", body);cur = cur->next;}//清理最后一节点SetPos(cur->next->x, cur->next->y);printf("  ");free(cur->next);cur ->next = NULL;
}//蛇是否撞墙
int KillByWall(psnake ps)
{if (ps->_psnake->x == 0 || ps->_psnake->x == 56 || ps->_psnake->y == 0 || ps->_psnake->y == 26){ps->_status = KILL_BY_WALL;return 1;}return 0;
}//是否吃到自己
int KillBySelf(psnake ps)
{pSnakeNode cur = ps->_psnake->next;while (cur){if (ps->_psnake->x == cur->x && ps->_psnake->y == cur->y){ps->_status = KILL_BY_SELF;//改变状态return 1;}cur = cur->next;}return 0;
}//值得学习的地方，修改整个数组
void SnakeMove(psnake ps)
{pSnakeNode pnext = (pSnakeNode)malloc(sizeof(SnakeNode));if (pnext == NULL){perror("malloc fail");return;}//pnext->next = NULL;switch (ps->_Dir){case UP://根据蛇头计算更新之后的坐标pnext->x = ps->_psnake->x;pnext->y = ps->_psnake->y-1;break;case DOWN:pnext->x = ps->_psnake->x;pnext->y = ps->_psnake->y + 1;break;case RIGHT:pnext->x = ps->_psnake->x+2;//减2，因为宽度为2.pnext->y = ps->_psnake->y;break;case LEFT:pnext->x = ps->_psnake->x-2;pnext->y = ps->_psnake->y;break;}//判断是否吃掉食物，如果吃掉食物，最后一个节点不清理，如果没有吃掉食物，就将其清理、//蛇头坐标和食物坐标if (NextIsFood(ps, pnext)){//吃掉食物EatFood(ps,pnext);}else{//没吃食物NotEatFood(ps,pnext);}//蛇是否撞墙KillByWall(ps);//是否吃到自己KillBySelf(ps);
}void GameRun(psnake ps)
{PrintInform();do{SetPos(64, 10);printf("得分：%0.5d", ps->_Score);SetPos(64, 12);printf("每个食物10分");if(KEY_PRESS(VK_UP)&&ps->_Dir!=DOWN){ps->_Dir = UP;}else if (KEY_PRESS(VK_DOWN) && ps->_Dir != UP){ps->_Dir = DOWN;}else if (KEY_PRESS(VK_LEFT) && ps->_Dir != RIGHT){ps->_Dir = LEFT;}else if (KEY_PRESS(VK_RIGHT) && ps->_Dir != LEFT){ps->_Dir = RIGHT;}else if(KEY_PRESS(VK_ESCAPE)){ps->_status = END_NOMAL;//正常退出break;}else if (KEY_PRESS(VK_SPACE)){//暂停函数Pause();//封装一个函数,按下一次暂停，再按就继续}else if (KEY_PRESS(VK_F3))//加速{//ps->SleepTime = 100;//如果一直按着，那就一直二倍加速//ps->_Foodweight = 15;if (ps->SleepTime >= 80)//也可以逐渐加速{ps->SleepTime -= 30;ps->_Foodweight += 2;}}else if (KEY_PRESS(VK_F4))//减速{if (ps->SleepTime <= 300)//逐渐减速{ps->SleepTime += 30;ps->_Foodweight -= 2;}}Sleep(ps->SleepTime);//蛇的移动SnakeMove(ps);//继续封装成函数} while (ps->_status==OK);}//善后处理，打印分数，清理贪吃蛇
void GameOver(psnake ps)
{SetPos(20, 12);switch (ps->_status){case END_NOMAL:printf("您主动退出游戏");break;case KILL_BY_SELF:printf("自杀成功");break;case KILL_BY_WALL:printf("撞墙啦");break;}SetPos(0, 27);//释放蛇的节点pSnakeNode cur = ps->_psnake;while (cur)//循环全部释放{pSnakeNode Next = cur->next;free(cur);cur = Next;}ps->_psnake = NULL;
}

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test.c

#define _CRT_SECURE_NO_WARNINGS
#include "snake.h"
//Win32,API,Windows 32位接口。//宽字符类型,一个汉字占用两个字符。
// 一个字母宽一个字符，一个汉字占两个字符
//wchar_t宽字符类型□☆★¤◎㊣
//setlocale(LC_ALL,"");//适应中文环境
//宽字符的打印，前缀加上L
//int main()
//{
//	SetPos(10, 10);
//	setlocale(LC_ALL, "");
//	wchar_t ch1 = L'●';
//	wprintf(L"%lc\n", ch1);//打印时printf前边加w，打印时前边大写L，类型为lc=
//	return 0;
//}void test()
{char ch = 0;do{Snake snake = { 0 };//创建贪吃蛇//1,游戏开始——初始化游戏GameStart(&snake);//getchar();//设置光标状态是否成功可以检查一下，用getchar阻塞程序运行//2，游戏运行——正常运行GameRun(&snake);//3，游戏结束——如何结束，释放资源GameOver(&snake);SetPos(20, 15);printf("是否想再来一把？（Y/N）：");ch = getchar();getchar();//清理‘/n’。} while (ch == 'Y' || ch == 'y');
}int main()
{srand((unsigned int)time(NULL));//设置程序适应本地化setlocale(LC_ALL, "");test();return 0;
}
//地图,长为宽的2倍