当前位置: 首页 > news >正文

C++服务器 支持http、tcp protobuf、websocket,linux开源框架 零依赖轻松编译部署 Reactor

开源地址: https://github.com/crust-hub/tubekit/tree/main
Github:https://github.com/gaowanlu
诚招有兴趣的小伙伴加入开发维护

Tubekit

The C++ TCP server framework based on the Reactor model continues to implement POSIX thread pool, Epoll, non blocking IO, object pool, log, socket network programming, support the dynamic library to implement custom protocol extensions, and use http parser to process http requests. Currently only supports Linux systems

Platform: Linux
Protocol: HTTP TCP Stream(Protobuf) WebSocket

Get Start

prepare

$ sudo apt update
$ sudo apt install protobuf-compiler libprotobuf-dev
$ apt install g++ cmake make
$ git clone https://github.com/crust-hub/tubekit.git

Build

$ cd tubekit
$ cd protocol
$ make
$ cd ..
$ cmake .
$ make -j3

Config

$ vim bin/config/main.ini

Run

$ chmod +x ./run.sh
$ ./run.sh

Stop

$ chmod +x ./kill.sh
$ ./kill.sh

App

support tcp keep-alive stream (protobuf) and http app (http-parser)、websocket

Directory Structure

Directory Structure Link

Third Party

@http-parser
@lua

HTTP样例

#include "app/http_app.h"
#include <string>
#include <vector>
#include <filesystem>
#include <tubekit-log/logger.h>#include "utility/mime_type.h"
#include "utility/url.h"using std::string;
using std::vector;
using tubekit::app::http_app;
using tubekit::connection::http_connection;
namespace fs = std::filesystem;
namespace utility = tubekit::utility;class html_loader
{
public:static string load(string body){static string frame1 = "<!DOCTYPE html>\<html>\<head>\<title></title>\</head>\<body>";static string frame2 = "</body>\</html>";return frame1 + body + frame2;}static string a_tag(string url, string text){string frame = "<a href=\"" + url + "\">" + text + "</a></br>";return frame;}
};void http_app::process_connection(tubekit::connection::http_connection &m_http_connection)
{m_http_connection.m_buffer.set_limit_max(202300);// load callbackm_http_connection.destory_callback = [](http_connection &m_connection) -> void{if (m_connection.ptr){FILE *file = (FILE *)m_connection.ptr;::fclose(file);m_connection.ptr = nullptr;}};m_http_connection.process_callback = [](http_connection &connection) -> void{string url = utility::url::decode(connection.url);auto find_res = url.find("..");if (std::string::npos != find_res){connection.set_response_end(true);return;}const string prefix = "/";fs::path t_path;if (url.empty() || url[0] != '/'){t_path = prefix + url;}else{t_path = url;}if (fs::exists(t_path) && fs::status(t_path).type() == fs::file_type::regular){std::string mime_type;try{mime_type = utility::mime_type::get_type(t_path.string());}catch (...){mime_type = "application/octet-stream";}std::string response = "HTTP/1.1 200 OK\r\nServer: tubekit\r\n";response += "Content-Type: ";response += mime_type + "\r\n\r\n";try{connection.m_buffer.write(response.c_str(), response.size());}catch (const std::runtime_error &e){LOG_ERROR(e.what());}connection.ptr = nullptr;connection.ptr = ::fopen(t_path.c_str(), "r");if (connection.ptr == nullptr){connection.set_response_end(true);return;}// Write when the contents of the buffer have been sent write_end_callback will be executed,// and the response must be set response_end to true, then write after write_end_callback will be continuously recalledconnection.write_end_callback = [](http_connection &m_connection) -> void{char buf[202300] = {0};int len = 0;len = ::fread(buf, sizeof(char), 202300, (FILE *)m_connection.ptr);if (len > 0){try{m_connection.m_buffer.write(buf, len);}catch (const std::runtime_error &e){LOG_ERROR(e.what());}}else{m_connection.set_response_end(true);}};return;}if (fs::exists(t_path) && fs::status(t_path).type() == fs::file_type::directory){connection.ptr = nullptr;const char *response = "HTTP/1.1 200 OK\r\nServer: tubekit\r\nContent-Type: text/html; charset=UTF-8\r\n\r\n";try{connection.m_buffer.write(response, strlen(response));}catch (const std::runtime_error &e){LOG_ERROR(e.what());}//  generate dir listvector<string> a_tags;for (const auto &dir_entry : fs::directory_iterator{t_path}){std::string sub_path = dir_entry.path().string(); //.substr(prefix.size());a_tags.push_back(html_loader::a_tag(utility::url::encode(sub_path), sub_path));}string body;for (const auto &a_tag : a_tags){body += a_tag;}string html = html_loader::load(body);try{connection.m_buffer.write(html.c_str(), html.size());}catch (const std::runtime_error &e){LOG_ERROR(e.what());}connection.set_response_end(true);return;}const char *response = "HTTP/1.1 404 Not Found\r\nServer: tubekit\r\nContent-Type: text/text; charset=UTF-8\r\n\r\n";try{connection.m_buffer.write(response, strlen(response));}catch (const std::runtime_error &e){LOG_ERROR(e.what());}connection.set_response_end(true);};
}

protobuf样例

#include "app/stream_app.h"
#include "proto_res/proto_cmd.pb.h"
#include "proto_res/proto_example.pb.h"
#include "proto_res/proto_message_head.pb.h"
#include <tubekit-log/logger.h>
#include <string>
#include <set>
#include "thread/mutex.h"
#include "utility/singleton.h"
#include "connection/connection_mgr.h"
#include "socket/socket.h"
#include "socket/socket_handler.h"using tubekit::app::stream_app;
using tubekit::connection::connection_mgr;
using tubekit::connection::stream_connection;
using tubekit::socket::socket;
using tubekit::socket::socket_handler;
using tubekit::utility::singleton;namespace tubekit::app
{std::set<void *> global_player;tubekit::thread::mutex global_player_mutex;
}int process_protocol(tubekit::connection::stream_connection &m_stream_connection, ProtoPackage &package)
{// EXAMPLE_REQif (package.cmd() == ProtoCmd::EXAMPLE_REQ){ProtoExampleReq exampleReq;if (exampleReq.ParseFromString(package.body())){LOG_ERROR("%s", exampleReq.testcontext().c_str());// std::cout << exampleReq.testcontext() << std::endl;}else{return -1;}return 0;}return -1;
}void stream_app::process_connection(tubekit::connection::stream_connection &m_stream_connection)
{using tubekit::app::global_player;using tubekit::app::global_player_mutex;uint64_t all_data_len = m_stream_connection.m_recv_buffer.can_readable_size();char *all_data_buffer = new char[all_data_len];m_stream_connection.m_recv_buffer.copy_all(all_data_buffer, all_data_len);uint64_t offset = 0;do{char *tmp_buffer = all_data_buffer + offset;uint64_t data_len = all_data_len - offset;if (data_len == 0){break;}ProtoPackage protoPackage;if (!protoPackage.ParseFromArray(tmp_buffer, data_len)){// std::cout << "protoPackage.ParseFromArray failed" << std::endl;break;}if (0 != process_protocol(m_stream_connection, protoPackage)){// std::cout << "process_protocol failed" << std::endl;m_stream_connection.mark_close();m_stream_connection.m_recv_buffer.clear();break;}// std::cout << "datalen " << data_len << " package size " << protoPackage.ByteSizeLong() << std::endl;offset += protoPackage.ByteSizeLong();} while (true);if (!m_stream_connection.m_recv_buffer.read_ptr_move_n(offset)){m_stream_connection.mark_close();}delete[] all_data_buffer;
}void stream_app::on_close_connection(tubekit::connection::stream_connection &m_stream_connection)
{using tubekit::app::global_player;using tubekit::app::global_player_mutex;global_player_mutex.lock();global_player.erase(m_stream_connection.get_socket_ptr());LOG_ERROR("player online %d", global_player.size());global_player_mutex.unlock();
}void stream_app::on_new_connection(tubekit::connection::stream_connection &m_stream_connection)
{using tubekit::app::global_player;using tubekit::app::global_player_mutex;global_player_mutex.lock();global_player.insert(m_stream_connection.get_socket_ptr());LOG_ERROR("player online %d", global_player.size());global_player_mutex.unlock();
}bool stream_app::new_client_connection(const std::string &ip, int port)
{socket::socket *socket_object = singleton<socket_handler>::instance()->alloc_socket();if (!socket_object){LOG_ERROR("alloc_socket return nullptr");return false;}bool b_ret = socket_object->connect(ip, port);if (!b_ret){LOG_ERROR("connection remote %s:%d failed", ip.c_str(), port);singleton<socket_handler>::instance()->remove(socket_object);return false;}int i_ret = singleton<socket_handler>::instance()->attach(socket_object);if (0 != i_ret){LOG_ERROR("attach to socket_handler error ret %d", i_ret);singleton<socket_handler>::instance()->remove(socket_object);return false;}// maybe to do some management for client socket...return true;
}

websocket

#include "app/websocket_app.h"
#include <vector>
#include <tubekit-log/logger.h>
#include "utility/singleton.h"
#include "connection/connection_mgr.h"
#include <arpa/inet.h>using namespace tubekit::app;
using namespace tubekit::utility;
using namespace tubekit::connection;struct websocket_frame
{uint8_t fin;uint8_t opcode;uint8_t mask;uint64_t payload_length;std::vector<uint8_t> masking_key;std::string payload_data;
};enum class websocket_frame_type
{CONNECTION_CLOSE_FRAME = 0,TEXT_FRAME = 1,BINARY_FRAME = 2,PONG = 3,PING = 4,CONTINUATION_FRAME = 5,ERROR = 6
};void websocket_app::process_connection(tubekit::connection::websocket_connection &m_websocket_connection)
{LOG_ERROR("process_connection");uint64_t all_data_len = m_websocket_connection.m_recv_buffer.can_readable_size();if (all_data_len <= 0){LOG_ERROR("all_data_len <= 0");return;}char *data = new (std::nothrow) char[all_data_len];if (!data){return;}all_data_len = m_websocket_connection.m_recv_buffer.copy_all(data, all_data_len);size_t index = 0;while (true){if (index >= all_data_len){break;}size_t start_index = index;websocket_frame frame;websocket_frame_type type = websocket_frame_type::ERROR;switch ((uint8_t)data[index]){case 0x81:{type = websocket_frame_type::TEXT_FRAME;break;}case 0x82:{type = websocket_frame_type::BINARY_FRAME;break;}case 0x88:{type = websocket_frame_type::CONNECTION_CLOSE_FRAME;break;}case 0x89:{type = websocket_frame_type::PING;break;}default:{if (data[index] >= 0x00 && data[index] <= 0x7F){type = websocket_frame_type::CONTINUATION_FRAME;}break;}}if (type != websocket_frame_type::TEXT_FRAME && type != websocket_frame_type::BINARY_FRAME){m_websocket_connection.mark_close();break;}frame.fin = (data[index] & 0x80) != 0;frame.opcode = data[index] & 0x0F;index++;if (index >= all_data_len){LOG_ERROR("index[%llu] >= all_data_len[%llu]", index, all_data_len);break;}frame.mask = (data[index] & 0x80) != 0;frame.payload_length = data[index] & 0x7F;index++;if (index >= all_data_len){LOG_ERROR("index[%llu] >= all_data_len[%llu]", index, all_data_len);break;}if (frame.payload_length == 126){frame.payload_length = 0;if (index + 2 >= all_data_len){LOG_ERROR("index[%llu] >= all_data_len[%llu]", index + 2, all_data_len);break;}uint16_t tmp = 0;u_char *ph;ph = (u_char *)&tmp;*ph++ = data[index];*ph++ = data[index + 1];tmp = ntohs(tmp);frame.payload_length = tmp;index += 2;}else if (frame.payload_length == 127){frame.payload_length = 0;if (index + 8 >= all_data_len){LOG_ERROR("index[%llu] >= all_data_len[%llu]", index + 8, all_data_len);break;}uint32_t tmp = 0;u_char *ph = (u_char *)&tmp;*ph++ = data[index++];*ph++ = data[index++];*ph++ = data[index++];*ph++ = data[index++];frame.payload_length = ntohl(tmp);frame.payload_length = frame.payload_length << 32;ph = (u_char *)&tmp;*ph++ = data[index++];*ph++ = data[index++];*ph++ = data[index++];*ph++ = data[index++];tmp = ntohl(tmp);frame.payload_length = frame.payload_length | tmp;}if (frame.payload_length == 0){break;}if (frame.mask){if (index + 4 >= all_data_len){LOG_ERROR("index[%llu] >= all_data_len[%llu]", index + 3, all_data_len);break;}frame.masking_key = {(uint8_t)data[index], (uint8_t)data[index + 1], (uint8_t)data[index + 2], (uint8_t)data[index + 3]};index += 4;}// payload data [data+index,data+index+frame.payload_length]if (index >= all_data_len){LOG_ERROR("index[%llu] >= all_data_len[%llu]", index, all_data_len);break;}if (index - 1 + frame.payload_length >= all_data_len){LOG_ERROR("index - 1 + frame.payload_length=[%llu] >= all_data_len[%llu]", index - 1 + frame.payload_length, all_data_len);break;}std::string payload_data(data + index, frame.payload_length);if (frame.mask){for (size_t i = 0; i < payload_data.size(); ++i){payload_data[i] ^= frame.masking_key[i % 4];}}frame.payload_data = std::move(payload_data);// broadcastsingleton<connection_mgr>::instance()->for_each([&frame](connection::connection &conn) -> void{websocket_connection *ptr_conn = static_cast<websocket_connection *>(&conn);websocket_app::send_packet(*ptr_conn, frame.payload_data.c_str(), frame.payload_length, false);});// websocket_app::send_packet(m_websocket_connection, frame.payload_data.c_str(), frame.payload_length, false);// frame.payload_data.push_back(0);// LOG_ERROR("%s", frame.payload_data.c_str());m_websocket_connection.m_recv_buffer.read_ptr_move_n(index - start_index + frame.payload_length);index += frame.payload_length;}delete[] data;
}void websocket_app::on_close_connection(tubekit::connection::websocket_connection &m_websocket_connection)
{LOG_ERROR("on_close_connection");
}void websocket_app::on_new_connection(tubekit::connection::websocket_connection &m_websocket_connection)
{LOG_ERROR("on_new_connection");
}bool websocket_app::send_packet(tubekit::connection::websocket_connection &m_websocket_connection, const char *data, size_t data_len, bool use_safe)
{if (!data){return false;}uint8_t opcode = 0x81;size_t message_length = data_len;std::vector<uint8_t> frame;frame.push_back(opcode);if (message_length <= 125){frame.push_back(static_cast<uint8_t>(message_length));}else if (message_length <= 0xFFFF){frame.push_back(126);frame.push_back((message_length >> 8) & 0xFF);frame.push_back(message_length & 0xFF);}else{frame.push_back(127);for (int i = 7; i >= 0; --i){frame.push_back((message_length >> (8 * i)) & 0xFF);}}frame.insert(frame.end(), data, data + data_len);if (!use_safe){return m_websocket_connection.send((const char *)frame.data(), frame.size());}return singleton<connection_mgr>::instance()->safe_send(m_websocket_connection.get_socket_ptr(), (const char *)frame.data(), frame.size());
}

相关文章:

C++服务器 支持http、tcp protobuf、websocket,linux开源框架 零依赖轻松编译部署 Reactor

开源地址: https://github.com/crust-hub/tubekit/tree/main Github:https://github.com/gaowanlu 诚招有兴趣的小伙伴加入开发维护 Tubekit The C TCP server framework based on the Reactor model continues to implement POSIX thread pool, Epoll, non blocking IO, obj…...

1688API接口系列,1688开放平台接口使用方案(商品详情数据+搜索商品列表+商家订单类)

1688商品详情接口是指1688平台提供的API接口&#xff0c;用于获取商品详情信息。通过该接口&#xff0c;您可以获取到商品的详细信息&#xff0c;包括商品标题、价格、库存、描述、图片等。 要使用1688商品详情接口&#xff0c;您需要先申请1688的API权限&#xff0c;并获取ac…...

CentOS服务器网页版Rstudio-server及R包批量安装最佳实践

CentOS服务器安装网页版Rstudio-server及R包批量安装 以下为CentOS 7/8的Rstudio-server安装、配置和R包安装操作 1. 软件包安装 Centos 7安装 # 下载安装包&#xff0c;大小115.14 MB wget -c https://download2.rstudio.org/server/centos7/x86_64/rstudio-server-rhel-…...

centos7内核升级(k8s基础篇)

1.查看系统内核版本信息 uname -r 2.升级内核 2.1更新yum源仓库 yum -y update更新完成后&#xff0c;启用 ELRepo 仓库并安装ELRepo仓库的yum源 ELRepo 仓库是基于社区的用于企业级 Linux 仓库&#xff0c;提供对 RedHat Enterprise (RHEL) 和 其他基于 RHEL的 Linux 发行…...

数据结构与算法设计分析——NP完全理论

目录 一、P类问题与NP类问题的定义二、常见的NP类问题&#xff08;一&#xff09;旅行商问题&#xff08;TSP&#xff09;&#xff08;二&#xff09;哈密尔顿回路问题&#xff08;三&#xff09;判断回路问题&#xff08;四&#xff09;图的着色问题&#xff08;五&#xff09…...

AGNES层次聚类

已知数据集D中有9个数据点&#xff0c;分别是(1,2)&#xff0c;(2&#xff0c;3)&#xff0c;(2,1), (3,1),(2,4),(3,5),(4,3),(1,5),(4,2)。要求&#xff1a; (1)采用层次聚类的聚集算法进行聚类&#xff0c;k2。 (2)距离计算采用欧几里得距离。 (3)簇之间的距离采用单链接方…...

HCIP —— 双点重发布 + 路由策略 实验

目录 实验拓扑&#xff1a; 实验要求&#xff1a; 实验配置&#xff1a; 1.配置IP地址 2.配置动态路由协议 —— RIP 、 OSPF R1 RIP R4 OSPF R2 配置RIP、OSPF 双向重发布 R3配置RIP、OSPF 双向重发布 3.查询路由表学习情况 4.使用路由策略控制选路 R2 R3 5.检…...

Python标准库:datetime模块【侯小啾python领航班系列(二十五)】

Python标准库:datetime模块【侯小啾python领航班系列(二十五)】 大家好,我是博主侯小啾, 🌹꧔ꦿ🌹꧔ꦿ🌹꧔ꦿ🌹꧔ꦿ🌹꧔ꦿ🌹꧔ꦿ🌹꧔ꦿ🌹꧔ꦿ🌹꧔ꦿ🌹꧔ꦿ🌹꧔ꦿ🌹꧔ꦿ🌹꧔ꦿ🌹꧔ꦿ🌹꧔ꦿ🌹꧔ꦿ🌹꧔ꦿ🌹꧔ꦿ🌹꧔ꦿ🌹꧔ꦿ🌹꧔ꦿ…...

新版idea如何开启多台JVM虚拟机

1.看看自己的项目 2.可能开始的时候啥也没有&#xff0c;就点Run Configuration Type 3.再点击Edit Configurations... 4.点击号添加SpringBoot 5.主类选择一下&#xff0c;一般就一个&#xff0c;点他选了就行。 6.然后点击Modify Options 选择添加add VM Options 7.点击appl…...

软件工程单选多选补充

2. 4. 5. 6. 7. 8. 9. 10. 12。 13....

6-66.时间

本题要求输入小时、分钟和秒数&#xff0c;并将其输出。针对时间表示中出现的异常进行处理。例如小时数不应超过23&#xff0c;分钟不应超过59&#xff0c;秒数不应超过59。此外&#xff0c;以上三个变量均应大于等于0。 输入样例&#xff1a; 在这里给出三组输入。例如&…...

面试多线程八股文十问十答第一期

面试多线程八股文十问十答第一期 作者&#xff1a;程序员小白条&#xff0c;个人博客 相信看了本文后&#xff0c;对你的面试是有一定帮助的&#xff01; ⭐点赞⭐收藏⭐不迷路&#xff01;⭐ 1.ThreadLocal如何实现线程安全 Java的ThreadLocal是一个线程本地变量&#xff0…...

Mybatis 操作续集(结合上文)

当我们增加一个数据之后,如果我们想要获取它的 Id 进行别的操作,我们该如何获取 Id 呢? 用那个Options package com.example.mybatisdemo.mapper;import com.example.mybatisdemo.model.UserInfo; import org.apache.ibatis.annotations.*;import java.util.List;Mapper pub…...

JVM基础篇:垃圾回收

目录 1.前言 1.1C/C的内存管理 1.2Java的内存管理 2.方法区的回收 3.堆回收 3.1引用计数法和可达性分析法 3.2五种对象引用 强引用 软引用 弱引用 虚引用 终结器引用 3.3垃圾回收算法评价标准 ①吞吐量 ②最大暂停时间 ③堆使用效率 3.4垃圾回收算法 ①标记清…...

蓝桥杯ACwing习题

题目 &#xff1a;https://www.acwing.com/problem/content/4409/ 解析 &#xff1a;根据题目我们可以知道 问的是方案数 那么首先就想到了 dp 仔细想一下 发现类似于蒙德里安的梦想那道状态压缩的题 &#xff0c; 所以我们先考虑怎么定义 f[i][j] f[i][j] 表示的是 已经放了…...

vue发送请求携带token,拼接url地址下载文件

封装请求 &#xff0c;该请求为普通的get请求 该请求返回值为&#xff1a; 请求成功之后拼接URL地址下载文件 代码块 downTemplateRequest(activeKeys.value).then((res) > {let url http://47.169.168.99:18888/media/${res.data.name};var elink document.createElemen…...

【PTA-C语言】编程练习3 - 循环结构Ⅱ

如果代码存在问题&#xff0c;麻烦大家指正 ~ ~有帮助麻烦点个赞 ~ ~ 编程练习3 - 循环结构&#xff08;9~15&#xff09; 7-9 特殊a串数列求和&#xff08;分数 15&#xff09;7-10 穷举法搬运砖块问题&#xff08;分数 15&#xff09;7-11 数字金字塔&#xff08;分数 15&…...

Google Chrome 下载 (离线版)

1 访问网址 Google Chrome 网络浏览器 2 点击 下载Chrome 3 直接运行 ChromeStandaloneSetup64.exe 其他&#xff1a; ####################### 谷歌浏览器 (Google Chrome) 最新版离线安装包下载 https://www.iplaysoft.com/tools/chrome/#google_vignette Google Chrome …...

2023年GopherChina大会-核心PPT资料下载

一、峰会简介 自 Go 语言诞生以来&#xff0c;中国便是其应用最早和最广的国家之一&#xff0c;根据 Jetbrains 在 2021 年初做的调查报告&#xff0c;总体来说目前大概有 110 万专业的开发者 选择 Go 作为其主要开发语言。就其全球分布而言, 居住在亚洲的开发者最多&#xff…...

从源代码出发,Jenkins 任务排队时间过长问题的解决过程

最近开发了一个部署相关的工具&#xff0c;使用 Jenkins 来构建应用。Jenkins 的任务从模板中创建而来。每次部署时&#xff0c;通过 Jenkins API 来触发构建任务。在线上运行时发现&#xff0c;通过 API 触发的 Jenkins 任务总是会时不时在队列中等待较长的时间。某些情况下的…...

Appium+python自动化(十六)- ADB命令

简介 Android 调试桥(adb)是多种用途的工具&#xff0c;该工具可以帮助你你管理设备或模拟器 的状态。 adb ( Android Debug Bridge)是一个通用命令行工具&#xff0c;其允许您与模拟器实例或连接的 Android 设备进行通信。它可为各种设备操作提供便利&#xff0c;如安装和调试…...

MySQL 隔离级别:脏读、幻读及不可重复读的原理与示例

一、MySQL 隔离级别 MySQL 提供了四种隔离级别,用于控制事务之间的并发访问以及数据的可见性,不同隔离级别对脏读、幻读、不可重复读这几种并发数据问题有着不同的处理方式,具体如下: 隔离级别脏读不可重复读幻读性能特点及锁机制读未提交(READ UNCOMMITTED)允许出现允许…...

遍历 Map 类型集合的方法汇总

1 方法一 先用方法 keySet() 获取集合中的所有键。再通过 gey(key) 方法用对应键获取值 import java.util.HashMap; import java.util.Set;public class Test {public static void main(String[] args) {HashMap hashMap new HashMap();hashMap.put("语文",99);has…...

蓝牙 BLE 扫描面试题大全(2):进阶面试题与实战演练

前文覆盖了 BLE 扫描的基础概念与经典问题蓝牙 BLE 扫描面试题大全(1)&#xff1a;从基础到实战的深度解析-CSDN博客&#xff0c;但实际面试中&#xff0c;企业更关注候选人对复杂场景的应对能力&#xff08;如多设备并发扫描、低功耗与高发现率的平衡&#xff09;和前沿技术的…...

全球首个30米分辨率湿地数据集(2000—2022)

数据简介 今天我们分享的数据是全球30米分辨率湿地数据集&#xff0c;包含8种湿地亚类&#xff0c;该数据以0.5X0.5的瓦片存储&#xff0c;我们整理了所有属于中国的瓦片名称与其对应省份&#xff0c;方便大家研究使用。 该数据集作为全球首个30米分辨率、覆盖2000–2022年时间…...

在 Nginx Stream 层“改写”MQTT ngx_stream_mqtt_filter_module

1、为什么要修改 CONNECT 报文&#xff1f; 多租户隔离&#xff1a;自动为接入设备追加租户前缀&#xff0c;后端按 ClientID 拆分队列。零代码鉴权&#xff1a;将入站用户名替换为 OAuth Access-Token&#xff0c;后端 Broker 统一校验。灰度发布&#xff1a;根据 IP/地理位写…...

.Net Framework 4/C# 关键字(非常用,持续更新...)

一、is 关键字 is 关键字用于检查对象是否于给定类型兼容,如果兼容将返回 true,如果不兼容则返回 false,在进行类型转换前,可以先使用 is 关键字判断对象是否与指定类型兼容,如果兼容才进行转换,这样的转换是安全的。 例如有:首先创建一个字符串对象,然后将字符串对象隐…...

JS设计模式(4):观察者模式

JS设计模式(4):观察者模式 一、引入 在开发中&#xff0c;我们经常会遇到这样的场景&#xff1a;一个对象的状态变化需要自动通知其他对象&#xff0c;比如&#xff1a; 电商平台中&#xff0c;商品库存变化时需要通知所有订阅该商品的用户&#xff1b;新闻网站中&#xff0…...

day36-多路IO复用

一、基本概念 &#xff08;服务器多客户端模型&#xff09; 定义&#xff1a;单线程或单进程同时监测若干个文件描述符是否可以执行IO操作的能力 作用&#xff1a;应用程序通常需要处理来自多条事件流中的事件&#xff0c;比如我现在用的电脑&#xff0c;需要同时处理键盘鼠标…...

MacOS下Homebrew国内镜像加速指南(2025最新国内镜像加速)

macos brew国内镜像加速方法 brew install 加速formula.jws.json下载慢加速 &#x1f37a; 最新版brew安装慢到怀疑人生&#xff1f;别怕&#xff0c;教你轻松起飞&#xff01; 最近Homebrew更新至最新版&#xff0c;每次执行 brew 命令时都会自动从官方地址 https://formulae.…...