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Intel ACRN 安装WIN10 VM

news 2026/3/27 6:03:59

上一篇帖子记录了ACRN运行rt linux，这篇帖子记录一下最近倒腾出来的WIN10。目前架构如下

ACRN可以把它理解为一个基于Linux类似软件的Type1 Hypervisor，基于Linux去做而不是baremetal是为了更方便去配置资源。

首先我们得有两台电脑，一台是开发机，另一台是目标机

开发机：

主要用于编译ACRN_hypervisor和ACRN_kernel ，另外建议目标机使用intel的ECI-Jammy（基于ubuntu魔改的）core-jammy — ECI documentation (intel.com) 目前版本应该在3.1

目标机：

运行ACRN_Service_VM以及guest_VMs

我这边用的是cpu为12代i7的目标机，制作WIN10启动镜像需要用到OVFM.FD，这个是按intel的cpu代数区分的，所以不是很通用。

Step1 环境配置

首先进入目标机的BIOS，修改下面的选项，PM Support是8代core才有的，所以不用管

然后我的建议是使用ECI--jammy作为目标机的操作系统core-jammy — ECI documentation (intel.com)

虽然ACRN官方文档用的是Ubuntu22.04，但是我推荐ECI-Jammy，理由如下：

1.ECI-Jammy基于ubuntu魔改，有intel优化，而且还支持apt-get

2.ECI-Jammy有intel的仓库，有运动控制库

3.ECI-Jammy自带intel基于cpu优化过的preempt-rt

4.ECI-Jammy会生成.img镜像，可以直接给ACRN的rt_vm当做镜像用

假设你用的是ECI，由于默认的静态ip设置会和ACRN的冲突，一个是networking脚本配置，一个是systemd-networkd管理，所以我们要统一一下，开机后

如果用ECI的话，请把eci-user加入sudoers$ su$ nano /etc/sudoersroot    ALL=(ALL:ALL) ALLeci-user ALL=(ALL:ALL) ALL$ :wqsource /home/eci-user/.bashrc
$ sudo apt update
$ cd /etc/network
$ rm interfaces$ cd /etc/systemd/network$ touch 20-static.network$ nano 20-static.network[Match]
Name=enp4s0
[Network]
Address=192.168.8.89
Gateway=192.168.8.1
DNS=8.8.8.8
DNS=8.8.4.4[DHCP]
UseDNS=false$ sudo systemctl enable systemd-networkd
$ sudo systemctl restart systemd-networkd

按照官方文档配置好开发机

Getting Started Guide — Project ACRN™ 3.3 documentation

插上USB键盘鼠标，生成my_board，当生成my_board.xml后，我们要使用acrn_configurator去生成配置，然后编译acrn_hypervisor和acrn_kernel。

ACRN Configurator Tool — Project ACRN™ 3.4-unstable documentation

在acrn_configurator中，找到VM0，改名成ACRN_Service_VM，并在内核命令中设置i915.modeset=0

在acrn_configurator中创建一个WIN10的VM，把PCI里的VGA传递进去，在USB里把我们的鼠标键盘也传递进去

按照文档编译 ACRN_hypervisor和ACRN_kernel 然后安装到目标机上

开机后选择带有VM标识的启动项

不出意外你应该卡在这个界面，这是因为我们modeset=0以后，显示器不会显示console了，因为WIN10要用到。

Step2 三个东西

不要担心，我们还是能通过ssh的方式连接上的

ssh eci-user@192.168.8.89

然后我们要准备三个东西

1. Windows10.iso

下载 Windows 10一定要从这里下载安装器，然后选择USB介质，下载Windows10.iso，大概4.7G，不要去下三方的雨木林风什么的，识别不到的

2.winvrito

这个是oracle的一个虚拟化驱动，https://edelivery.oracle.com/osdc/faces/SoftwareDelivery在这个网站注册，然后选择Download Package.输入 Oracle Linux 7.6 并点击 Search.

选择DLP: Oracle Linux 7.6 点击continue

选择x86-64-bit

右键该项，选择另存为，解压后得到 winvrito

3.OVMF.fd

这部分的连接在此，但是无法完全根据上面的内容进行操作就是了

Enable GPU Passthrough (GVT-d) — Project ACRN™ 3.4-unstable documentation

打开你的开发机，安装docker(请自行安装，这里不做说明)

$ cd ~
$ git clone https://github.com/projectacrn/acrn-edk2.git$ docker pull ubuntu:16.04

网页提供了一个脚本，我也放在这里

#!/bin/bash
# Copyright (C) 2021 Intel Corporation.
# SPDX-License-Identifier: BSD-3-Clause
#
# PREREQUISITES:
# 1) Get your specific "IntelGopDriver.efi" and "Vbt.bin"
#    from your BIOS vender
# 2) Install Docker on your host machine and allow non-root users
#    For Ubuntu: https://docs.docker.com/engine/install/ubuntu/
#    To enable non-root users: https://docs.docker.com/engine/install/linux-postinstall/#manage-docker-as-a-non-root-user
# 3) If you are working behind proxy, create a file named
#    "proxy.conf" in ${your_working_directory} with
#    configurations like below:
#    Acquire::http::Proxy "http://x.y.z:port1";
#    Acquire::https::Proxy "https://x.y.z:port2";
#    Acquire::ftp::Proxy "ftp://x.y.z:port3";
#
# HOWTO:
# 1) mkdir ${your_working_directory}
# 2) cd ${your_working_directory}
# 2) mkdir gop
# 3) cp /path/to/IntelGopDriver.efi /path/to/Vbt.bin gop
# 4) cp /path/to/build_acrn_ovmf.sh ${your_working_directory}
# 5) ./build_acrn_ovmf.sh
#
# OUTPUT: ${your_working_directory}/acrn-edk2/Build/OvmfX64/DEBUG_GCC5/FV/OVMF.fd
#
# For more information, ./build_acrn_ovmf.sh -h
#gop_bin_dir="./gop"
docker_image_name="ubuntu:ovmf.16.04"
proxy_conf="proxy.conf"
acrn_ver="latest"if [ ! -x "$(command -v docker)" ]; thenecho "Install Docker first:"echo "If you are using Ubuntu, you can refer to: https://docs.docker.com/engine/install/ubuntu/"exit
fiif [ ! -d "${gop_bin_dir}" ]; thenmkdir ${gop_bin_dir}echo "Copy IntelGopDriver.efi and Vbt.bin to ${gop_bin_dir}"exit
fiif [ ! -f "${gop_bin_dir}/IntelGopDriver.efi" ]; thenecho "Copy IntelGopDriver.efi to ${gop_bin_dir}"exit
fiif [ ! -f "${gop_bin_dir}/Vbt.bin" ]; thenecho "Copy Vbt.bin to ${gop_bin_dir}"exit
fiif [ ! -f "${proxy_conf}" ]; thentouch "${proxy_conf}"
fiusage()
{echo "$0 [-v ver] [-i] [-s] [-h]"echo "  -v ver: The release version of ACRN, e.g. 2.3"echo "  -i:     Delete the existing docker image ${docker_image_name} and re-create it"echo "  -s:     Delete the existing acrn-edk2 source code and re-download/re-patch it"echo "  -h:     Show this help"exit
}re_download=0
re_create_image=0while getopts "hisv:" opt
docase "${opt}" inh)usage;;i)re_create_image=1;;s)re_download=1;;v)acrn_ver=${OPTARG};;?)echo "${OPTARG}";;esac
done
shift $((OPTIND-1))if [[ "${re_create_image}" -eq 1 ]]; thenif [[ "$(docker images -q ${docker_image_name} 2> /dev/null)" != "" ]]; thenecho "===================================================================="echo "Deleting the old Docker image ${docker_image_name}  ..."echo "===================================================================="docker image rm -f "${docker_image_name}"fi
fiif [[ "${re_download}" -eq 1 ]]; thenecho "===================================================================="echo "Deleting the old acrn-edk2 source code ..."echo "===================================================================="sudo rm -rf acrn-edk2
ficreate_acrn_edk2_workspace()
{echo "===================================================================="echo "Downloading & patching acrn_edk2 source code ..."echo "===================================================================="[ -d acrn-edk2 ] && sudo rm -rf acrn-edk2git clone https://github.com/projectacrn/acrn-edk2.gitif [ $? -ne 0 ]; thenecho "git clone acrn-edk2 failed"return 1ficd acrn-edk2git submodule update --init CryptoPkg/Library/OpensslLib/opensslif [ $? -ne 0 ]; thenecho "git submodule acrn-edk2 failed"return 1fiif [ "${acrn_ver}" != "latest" ]; thengit checkout --recurse-submodules -b "v${acrn_ver}" "ovmf-acrn-v${acrn_ver}"if [ $? -ne 0 ]; thenecho "git checkout --recurse-submodules -b v${acrn_ver} ovmf-acrn-v${acrn_ver} failed"return 1fifiwget -q https://projectacrn.github.io/${acrn_ver}/_static/downloads/Use-the-default-vbt-released-with-GOP-driver.patchif [ $? -ne 0 ]; thenecho "Downloading Use-the-default-vbt-released-with-GOP-driver.patch failed"return 1fiwget -q https://projectacrn.github.io/${acrn_ver}/_static/downloads/Integrate-IntelGopDriver-into-OVMF.patchif [ $? -ne 0 ]; thenecho "Downloading Integrate-IntelGopDriver-into-OVMF.patch failed"return 1figit am --keep-cr Use-the-default-vbt-released-with-GOP-driver.patchif [ $? -ne 0 ]; thenecho "Apply Use-the-default-vbt-released-with-GOP-driver.patch failed"return 1figit am --keep-cr Integrate-IntelGopDriver-into-OVMF.patchif [ $? -ne 0 ]; thenecho "Apply Integrate-IntelGopDriver-into-OVMF.patch failed"return 1fireturn 0
}create_docker_image()
{echo "===================================================================="echo "Creating Docker image ..."echo "===================================================================="cat > Dockerfile.ovmf <<EOF
FROM ubuntu:16.04WORKDIR /root/acrnCOPY ${proxy_conf} /etc/apt/apt.conf.d/proxy.conf
RUN apt-get update && apt-get install -y vim build-essential uuid-dev iasl git gcc-5 nasm python-dev
EOFdocker build -t "${docker_image_name}" -f Dockerfile.ovmf .rm Dockerfile.ovmf
}if [[ "$(docker images -q ${docker_image_name} 2> /dev/null)" == "" ]]; thencreate_docker_image
fiif [ ! -d acrn-edk2 ]; thencreate_acrn_edk2_workspaceif [ $? -ne 0 ]; thenecho "Download/patch acrn-edk2 failed"exitfi
elsecd acrn-edk2
ficp -f ../${gop_bin_dir}/IntelGopDriver.efi OvmfPkg/IntelGop/IntelGopDriver.efi
cp -f ../${gop_bin_dir}/Vbt.bin OvmfPkg/Vbt/Vbt.binsource edksetup.shsed -i 's:^ACTIVE_PLATFORM\s*=\s*\w*/\w*\.dsc*:ACTIVE_PLATFORM       = OvmfPkg/OvmfPkgX64.dsc:g' Conf/target.txt
sed -i 's:^TARGET_ARCH\s*=\s*\w*:TARGET_ARCH           = X64:g' Conf/target.txt
sed -i 's:^TOOL_CHAIN_TAG\s*=\s*\w*:TOOL_CHAIN_TAG        = GCC5:g' Conf/target.txtcd ..docker run \-ti \--rm \-w $PWD/acrn-edk2 \--privileged=true \-v $PWD:$PWD \${docker_image_name} \/bin/bash -c "source edksetup.sh && make -C BaseTools && build -DFD_SIZE_2MB -DDEBUG_ON_SERIAL_PORT=TRUE"

这时候你会发现，根据网页的内容，无论是一种方式还是第二种都会报错：

第一种，因为gcc不是gcc-5

第二种，不知道为什么就报错了

这时候你得创建这个docker，然后step by step，之前运行脚本后会生成一个ubuntu:ovmf.16.04的docker镜像，首先自己创建该镜像，然后准备好你的Vbt.bin和IntelGopDriver.efi以及网页里提到的两个patch

Use-the-default-vbt-released-with-GOP-driver.patch
Integrate-IntelGopDriver-into-OVMF.patch

$ sudo docker create -it ubuntu:ovmf.16.04
$ docker start container_id$ cd ~
$ docker cp acrn-edk2 container_id:~/
$ docker cp Vbt.bin container_id:~/
$ docker cp IntelGopDriver.efi container_id:~/
$ docker cp Use-the-default-vbt-released-with-GOP-driver.patch container_id:~/
$ docker cp Integrate-IntelGopDriver-into-OVMF.patch container_id:~/$ docker exec -it container_id /bin/bash
$ cd ~
$ cp Use-the-default-vbt-released-with-GOP-driver.patch ./acrn-edk2
$ cp Integrate-IntelGopDriver-into-OVMF.patch ./acrn-edk2
$ cd acrn-edk2/OvmfPkg/
$ mkdir IntelGop
$ mkdir Vbt
$ cd ~
$ cp IntelGopDriver.efi  acrn-edk2/OvmfPkg/IntelGop/IntelGopDriver.efi
$ cp Vbt.bin acrn-edk2/OvmfPkg/Vbt/Vbt.bin
$ cd acrn-edk2
$ git apply Use-the-default-vbt-released-with-GOP-driver.patch
$ git apply Integrate-IntelGopDriver-into-OVMF.patch
$ cd acrn-edk2
$ git submodule update --init CryptoPkg/Library/OpensslLib/openssl
$ source edksetup.sh
$ make -C BaseTools
$vim Conf/target.txtACTIVE_PLATFORM = OvmfPkg/OvmfPkgX64.dscTARGET_ARCH = X64TOOL_CHAIN_TAG = GCC5$build -DFD_SIZE_2MB -DDEBUG_ON_SERIAL_PORT=TRUE

编译完成后在这个路径下能找到Build/OvmfX64/DEBUG_GCC5/FV/OVMF.fd

Step3 安装win10

参考Run Windows as the User VM OS — Project ACRN™ 3.4-unstable documentation

在目标机上

$ cd ~
$ mkdir work
$ sudo apt-get install qemu-utils
$ cd ~/work
$ qemu-img create -f raw win10-ltsc.img 40G

现在把Window.iso和OVMF.fd以及winvirtio.iso都拷贝到work目录下，目录结构如下所示，这里launch_user_vm_id2.sh是我们acrn_configurator生成的一个脚本，我们还要修改一下这个脚本

dm_params=(--windows`add_cpus                                24 32 40 48`-m 4096M--ovmf /home/eci-user/work/OVMF.fd`add_virtual_device                        1:0 lpc``add_virtual_device                        0:0 hostbridge``add_virtual_device                        3 xhci 1-6``add_passthrough_device                    2 0000:00:02.0``add_logger_settings                       console=4 kmsg=3 disk=5`-s 6,virtio-blk,/home/eci-user/work/win10-ltcs.img-s 7,ahci,cd:/home/eci-user/work/Windows.iso-s 8,achi,cd:/home/eci-user/work/winvirtio.iso-s 9,passthru,0/14/0,d3hot_reset-s 10,virtio-net,tap=tap0WIN10                            
)

这里稍微解释一下：