Electron项目依赖管理：最佳实践与常见错误

问题一

问题描述:

输入命令 pnpm add electron 后， electron 包在执行 postinstall 脚本时，尝试从网络上下载 Electron 二进制文件，但由于网络问题（如连接超时或代理设置问题），导致下载失败。

λ pnpm add electron
Packages: +75
+++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++
Progress: resolved 75, reused 75, downloaded 0, added 75, done
node_modules/.pnpm/electron@31.3.1/node_modules/electron: Running postinstall script, failed in 23.1s
.../node_modules/electron postinstall$ node install.js
│ RequestError: connect ETIMEDOUT 20.205.243.166:443
│     at ClientRequest.<anonymous> (G:\wokespace\dev\DesktopApp\electron\electron-app\node_modules\.pnpm\g…
│     at Object.onceWrapper (node:events:634:26)
│     at ClientRequest.emit (node:events:531:35)
│     at origin.emit (G:\wokespace\dev\DesktopApp\electron\electron-app\node_modules\.pnpm\@szmarczak+http…
│     at TLSSocket.socketErrorListener (node:_http_client:500:9)
│     at TLSSocket.emit (node:events:519:28)
│     at emitErrorNT (node:internal/streams/destroy:169:8)
│     at emitErrorCloseNT (node:internal/streams/destroy:128:3)
│     at process.processTicksAndRejections (node:internal/process/task_queues:82:21)
│     at TCPConnectWrap.afterConnect [as oncomplete] (node:net:1605:16)
└─ Failed in 23.1s at G:\wokespace\dev\DesktopApp\electron\electron-app\node_modules\.pnpm\electron@31.3.1\node_modules\electronELIFECYCLE  Command failed with exit code 1.

解决方案:

设置 electron 镜像源，使用国内的镜像源来加速下载，尤其是在网络连接较慢或者有防火墙的情况下。

npm config set electron_mirror "https://npmmirror.com/package/electron/"

问题二

问题描述:在设置npm 配置时，报错

λ npm config set electron_mirror "https://npmmirror.com/package/electron/"
npm ERR! `electron_mirror` is not a valid npm option

解决方案:

执行 npm config list 命令，查看当前的配置信息。

λ npm config list
; "user" config from C:\Users\Administrator\.npmrc//registry.npmjs.org/:_authToken = (protected)
cache = "G:\\packages\\npm\\cache"
home = "https://npmmirror.com"
prefix = "G:\\packages\\npm\\global"
registry = "https://registry.npmmirror.com/"; node bin location = G:\nodejs\node.exe
; node version = v18.19.1
; npm local prefix = G:\wokespace\dev\DesktopApp\electron\electron-app
; npm version = 10.2.4
; cwd = G:\wokespace\dev\DesktopApp\electron\electron-app
; HOME = C:\Users\Administrator
; Run `npm config ls -l` to show all defaults.

找到这个文件 .npmrc 地址 ; "user" config from C:\Users\Administrator\.npmrc , 然后打开新增一行：

electron_mirror=https://npmmirror.com/mirrors/electron/

可以通过 https://registry.npmmirror.com/binary.html 查看都有哪些二进制包

注意一定是 https://npmmirror.com/mirrors/${二进制包的名称}/，比如 https://npmmirror.com/mirrors/node-sass/

问题三

问题描述:

输入命令 npm install electron --save-dev 后，出现以下错误。

λ npm install electron --save-dev
npm ERR! Cannot read properties of null (reading 'matches')

解决方案:

• 1.清理 npm 缓存

λ npm cache clean --forcenpm WARN using --force Recommended protections disabled.

• 2.验证并重建 npm缓存

λ npm cache verifyCache verified and compressed (G:\packages\npm\cache\_cacache)
Content verified: 0 (0 bytes)
Index entries: 0
Finished in 0.013s

• 3.直接删除 node_modules 目录，并再次运行 npm install：

npm install --registry=https://registry.npmmirror.com