C# WPF编程-串口通信

串口通信

1. NuGet安装System.IO.Ports

2. 界面布局XAML

<Window x:Class="BlocksTools.MainWindow"xmlns="http://schemas.microsoft.com/winfx/2006/xaml/presentation"xmlns:x="http://schemas.microsoft.com/winfx/2006/xaml"xmlns:d="http://schemas.microsoft.com/expression/blend/2008"xmlns:mc="http://schemas.openxmlformats.org/markup-compatibility/2006"xmlns:local="clr-namespace:BlocksTools"mc:Ignorable="d"Title="串口工具" Height="450" Width="800"><Grid><TabControl><TabItem><TabItem.Header><StackPanel><Label>串口设置</Label></StackPanel></TabItem.Header><StackPanel Orientation="Horizontal"><GroupBox Header="串口" Width="200"><StackPanel><StackPanel Orientation="Horizontal"><Label Margin="3" Height="25" Width="50">端口号</Label><ComboBox x:Name="comboBoxCOM" Margin="3" Height="20" Width="130" DragDrop.Drop="comboBoxCOM_Drop"/></StackPanel><StackPanel Orientation="Horizontal"><Label Margin="3" Height="25" Width="50">波特率</Label><ComboBox x:Name="comboBoxBaudRate" Margin="3" Height="20" Width="130" SelectedIndex="0" ><ComboBoxItem>9600</ComboBoxItem><ComboBoxItem>19200</ComboBoxItem><ComboBoxItem>38400</ComboBoxItem><ComboBoxItem>115200</ComboBoxItem><ComboBoxItem>1000000</ComboBoxItem></ComboBox></StackPanel><StackPanel Orientation="Horizontal"><Label Margin="3" Height="25" Width="50">数据位</Label><ComboBox x:Name="comboBoxDataBit" Margin="3" Height="20" Width="130" SelectedIndex="3"><ComboBoxItem>5</ComboBoxItem><ComboBoxItem>6</ComboBoxItem><ComboBoxItem>7</ComboBoxItem><ComboBoxItem>8</ComboBoxItem></ComboBox></StackPanel><StackPanel Orientation="Horizontal"><Label Margin="3" Height="25" Width="50">停止位</Label><ComboBox x:Name="comboBoxStopBit" Margin="3" Height="20" Width="130" SelectedIndex="0"><ComboBoxItem>1位</ComboBoxItem><ComboBoxItem>1.5位</ComboBoxItem><ComboBoxItem>2位</ComboBoxItem></ComboBox></StackPanel><StackPanel Orientation="Horizontal"><Label Margin="3" Height="25" Width="50">校验位</Label><ComboBox x:Name="comboBoxSdd" Margin="3" Height="20" Width="130" SelectedIndex="0"><ComboBoxItem>无校验</ComboBoxItem><ComboBoxItem>奇校验</ComboBoxItem><ComboBoxItem>偶校验</ComboBoxItem><ComboBoxItem>1 校验</ComboBoxItem><ComboBoxItem>0 校验</ComboBoxItem></ComboBox></StackPanel><StackPanel Orientation="Horizontal"><Label Margin="3" Height="25" Width="50">流控位</Label><ComboBox x:Name="comboBoxlik" Margin="3" Height="20" Width="130" SelectedIndex="0" ><ComboBoxItem>无流控</ComboBoxItem><ComboBoxItem>RTS/CTS</ComboBoxItem><ComboBoxItem>XON/XOFF</ComboBoxItem></ComboBox></StackPanel><StackPanel Orientation="Horizontal" HorizontalAlignment="Center"><Button x:Name="btnOpenCloseCom" Margin="3" Width="80" Height="25" Click="btnOpenCloseCom_Click">打开串口</Button><Button x:Name="btnClearRecv" Margin="3" Width="80" Height="25" Click="btnClearRecv_Click">清空接收</Button></StackPanel></StackPanel></GroupBox><GroupBox Header="接收数据" MinWidth="590" MaxWidth="1000" Width="515"><ScrollViewer><ScrollViewer.Content><TextBlock x:Name="textBlockRecv" MinWidth="300"></TextBlock></ScrollViewer.Content></ScrollViewer></GroupBox></StackPanel></TabItem><TabItem><TabItem.Header><StackPanel><Label>数据显示</Label></StackPanel></TabItem.Header></TabItem></TabControl></Grid>
</Window>

3. C#代码

using System;
using System.Collections.Generic;
using System.Diagnostics;
using System.IO.Ports;
using System.Linq;
using System.Text;
using System.Threading.Tasks;
using System.Windows;
using System.Windows.Controls;
using System.Windows.Data;
using System.Windows.Documents;
using System.Windows.Input;
using System.Windows.Media;
using System.Windows.Media.Imaging;
using System.Windows.Navigation;
using System.Windows.Shapes;namespace BlocksTools
{/// <summary>/// MainWindow.xaml 的交互逻辑/// </summary>public partial class MainWindow : Window{SerialPort mSerialPort = new SerialPort();private StringBuilder lineBuilder = new StringBuilder();    // 用于存放串口接收数据        public MainWindow(){InitializeComponent();// 获取所有可用串口端口，并添加到comboBoxCOMstring[] ports = System.IO.Ports.SerialPort.GetPortNames();comboBoxCOM.ItemsSource = ports;comboBoxCOM.SelectedIndex = 0;  // 默认选择索引                      }/// <summary>/// 串口数据接收函数/// </summary>/// <param name="sender"></param>/// <param name="e"></param>private void SerialPort_DataReceived(object sender, SerialDataReceivedEventArgs e){System.Threading.Thread.Sleep(1); // 等待1S保证串口发送的一帧数据全部接收完成// 读取数据byte[] data = new byte[mSerialPort.BytesToRead];mSerialPort.Read(data, 0, data.Length);string str = Encoding.UTF8.GetString(data); // 字符串转码UTF-8格式lineBuilder.Append(str);this.Dispatcher.Invoke(new Action(() =>{string str2 = lineBuilder.ToString();textBlockRecv.Text = str2;  // 显示串口数据内容// 解析串口数据:// $$ADC:[228,246,247,253,828,348,262,260,316,275,297,320,291,343,837,]ADC$$ int index_start = str2.IndexOf("$$ADC:[", StringComparison.Ordinal);int index_end = str2.IndexOf("]ADC$$", StringComparison.Ordinal);if ((index_start >= 0) && (index_end >= 0)){                 string str3 = str2.Substring(index_start + "$$ADC:[".Length, index_end - index_start);  // 截取"$$ADC:["之后的数据string[] array = str3.Split(new char[] { ',' }); // 以","分割数据，并存储到数组double adc1 = Convert.ToDouble(array[0]);   // 字符串转数值}}));}/// <summary>/// 打开关闭串口/// </summary>/// <param name="sender"></param>/// <param name="e"></param>private void btnOpenCloseCom_Click(object sender, RoutedEventArgs e){if (mSerialPort.IsOpen){mSerialPort.Close();btnOpenCloseCom.Content = "打开串口";Console.WriteLine("关闭串口成功");Debug.WriteLine("关闭串口成功");comboBoxBaudRate.IsEnabled = true;comboBoxCOM.IsEnabled = true;comboBoxDataBit.IsEnabled = true;comboBoxStopBit.IsEnabled = true;comboBoxSdd.IsEnabled = true;comboBoxlik.IsEnabled = true;}else{mSerialPort.PortName = comboBoxCOM.SelectedItem.ToString();mSerialPort.BaudRate = 1000000; // 波特率mSerialPort.DataBits = 8;   // 数据位mSerialPort.StopBits = StopBits.One;    // 停止位mSerialPort.Parity = Parity.None;   // 校验位mSerialPort.Handshake = Handshake.None;//mSerialPort.ReadTimeout = 1500; // 读超时//mSerialPort.Encoding = Encoding.UTF8; // 编码方式//mSerialPort.RtsEnable = true;mSerialPort.DataReceived += SerialPort_DataReceived;switch (comboBoxBaudRate.SelectedIndex){case 0:Console.WriteLine("baudrate: 9600");mSerialPort.BaudRate = 9600;break;case 1:mSerialPort.BaudRate = 19200;Console.WriteLine("baudrate: 19200");break;case 2:mSerialPort.BaudRate = 38400;Console.WriteLine("baudrate: 38400");break;case 3:Console.WriteLine("baudrate: 115200");mSerialPort.BaudRate = 115200;break;case 4:Console.WriteLine("baudrate: 1000000");mSerialPort.BaudRate = 1000000;break;default:Console.WriteLine("default baudrate!");mSerialPort.BaudRate = 9600;break;}// mSerialPort.Write("Hello world"); // 写字符串口// mSerialPort.Write(new byte[] { 0xA0, 0xB0, 0xC0}, 0, 3); // 写入3个字节数据//Debug.WriteLine("Hello world");//MessageBox.Show("端口名：" + mSerialPort.PortName);try{mSerialPort.Open();btnOpenCloseCom.Content = "关闭串口";                  Console.WriteLine("打开串口成功");Debug.WriteLine("打开串口成功");comboBoxBaudRate.IsEnabled = false;comboBoxCOM.IsEnabled = false;comboBoxDataBit.IsEnabled = false;comboBoxStopBit.IsEnabled = false;comboBoxSdd.IsEnabled = false;comboBoxlik.IsEnabled = false;}catch (Exception ex){MessageBox.Show(ex.Message);}}}/// <summary>/// 清空串口接收数据/// </summary>/// <param name="sender"></param>/// <param name="e"></param>private void btnClearRecv_Click(object sender, RoutedEventArgs e){ lineBuilder.Clear();textBlockRecv.Text = lineBuilder.ToString();  }/// <summary>/// 串口端口选择/// </summary>/// <param name="sender"></param>/// <param name="e"></param>private void comboBoxCOM_Drop(object sender, DragEventArgs e){string[] ports = System.IO.Ports.SerialPort.GetPortNames();comboBoxCOM.ItemsSource = ports;comboBoxCOM.SelectedIndex = 0;}}
}

4. 运行效果

源码下载

源码下载