VBS学习1 - 语法、内置函数、内置对象

概述

VBS（Visual Basic Script Editor）： 基于Visual Basic开发的脚本语言文件
 
注释（仅有单行注释符号，无多行）： 英文单引号’，
 
判断： 值是否等于无需像其他语言一样输入双等于号直接单等于号即可，不等于则使用<>进行替代
 
系统对象使用的文档（可直接参考微软的VBA文档）：https://learn.microsoft.com/en-us/office/vba/api/overview/
 
语法细节：
  1. 关键字大小写不敏感，函数名大小写敏感。
 定义Function函数时如果没有设置返回值，则内部自动转成sub，而调用sub

执行脚本

//方式1
直接双击脚本//方式2 ==  CMD命令窗口
wscript //e:vbscript vbs脚本文件//方式3 == CMS命令行窗口
C:\Windows\System32\cscript.exe  vbs脚本文件

语法

转义字符

'换行符 vbCrLfPublic Function print(message)Set stdout=CreateObject("Scripting.FileSystemObject").GetStandardStream(1)stdout.WriteLine message
End Functionprint "fdsfsd"&"fsdfsdf"print "=========="print "fdsfsd"&vbCrLf&"fsdfsdf"

文本弹框msgbx

'类似前端的alert玩意
msgbox "弹框内容"

定义变量dim（普通类型）

dim name
name="lrc"msgbox name

定义接收对象set

Set oFS = CreateObject("Scripting.FileSystemObject")

字符拼接&

dim name,sport
name="lrc"
sport="swimming"msgbox name&"喜欢的运动是："&sport

用户自定义输入框inputbox以及输入判断ifelse

格式： if then elseif then else then end if

Public Function print(message)Set stdout=CreateObject("Scripting.FileSystemObject").GetStandardStream(1)stdout.WriteLine message
End Functiondim a,b,c,result
result = 0a = inputbox("请输入一个数字")
print ab = inputbox("请输入操作符")
print bc = inputbox("请输入另一个数组")
print cif b = "+" thenresult = CDbl(a) + CDbl(c)
elseif b = "-" thenresult = a - c
elseif b = "*" thenresult = a * c
elseif b = "/" thenresult = a / c
end ifprint a&b&c&"="&result
msgbox result

数组（参数表最大索引，非数组容量）

有容量无元素

Public Function print(message)Set stdout=CreateObject("Scripting.FileSystemObject").GetStandardStream(1)stdout.WriteLine message
End Function'定义容量为5个元素的数组，里面的括号表示数组的最大索引
dim nums(4)nums(0)=10
nums(3)=20print nums(0)
print nums(3)

基于元素确定容量

Public Function print(message)Set stdout=CreateObject("Scripting.FileSystemObject").GetStandardStream(1)stdout.WriteLine message
End Functionprint "=========="dim nums(2)
nums(0) = 0
nums(1) = 1
nums(2) = 2
for i = 0 to 2print nums(i)
nextprint "=========="dim nums2
nums2 = array(0,1,2)
for i = 0 to 2print nums2(i)
next

循环、迭代

Public Function print(message)Set stdout=CreateObject("Scripting.FileSystemObject").GetStandardStream(1)stdout.WriteLine message
End Functionpublic function getArraySize(nums)getArraySize = UBound(nums) - LBound(nums) + 1
end functiondim nums(5)
nums(0) = 1
nums(1) = 11
nums(2) = 111
nums(3) = 1111
nums(4) = 11111
nums(5) = 111111for i = 0 to getArraySize(nums)-1print i
Nextprint ""
print ""dim index
index =0
do while trueif index = getArraySize(nums) thenExit doend ifprint "nums["&index&"]: "&nums(index)index = index + 1
loopprint ""
print ""index =0
doprint "nums["&index&"]: "&nums(index)index = index + 1
loop until index = getArraySize(nums)print ""
print ""for each numElem in numsprint numElem
next

内置函数

//将入参转成小数类型Double出参结果
CDbl//将入参转成整数类型Integer出参结果
CInt//将入参转成长整数类型Long出参结果
CLNG//将入参转成长布尔类型Bool出参结果 ==  0=>false 其他数字t=>true，转不出来数字报错
CBool//将入参转成字节类型Byte出参结果
CByte//用于将表达式转换为货币型数据(Currency)
CCur//用于将有效的日期表达式转换为日期型数据
CDate//将表达式转换为单精度浮点型数据(Single) == java的Float
CSng//返回字符串首字母的ANSI字符代码(ASCII值) == 数字
Asc//将指定的ANSI字符代码转换为相应的字符 == 字符串
Chr//将指定的数字转换为十六进制值
Hex//将指定的数字转换为八进制值
Oct//字符串2在字符串1的索引位置，索引从1开始，不是从0
InStr//字符串全部变成大写
ucase

Public Function print(message)Set stdout=CreateObject("Scripting.FileSystemObject").GetStandardStream(1)stdout.WriteLine message
End Functiondim a,b,c,d,e,f,g'转成浮点数，入参非数字直接报错
a = CDbl("123")
print aa = CDbl("123.5")
print a'非数字直接报错
b = CBool(2)
print b
b = CBool(0)
print b
b = CBool(0.6)
print bprint ""'8字节的数字
c = CByte("30")
print cd = Asc("a")
print de = Chr(97)
print ef = Hex(20)
print fg = Oct(20)
print g

Public Function print(message)Set stdout=CreateObject("Scripting.FileSystemObject").GetStandardStream(1)stdout.WriteLine message
End Functiondim h, i
h = "fsdfds123f"
i = "123"
print InStr(h, i)

自定义函数

tip： 有无返回值，建议都使用 function 即可，毕竟相较于其他语言，并没有sub这玩意

print - 控制台打印

Public Function print(message)Set stdout=CreateObject("Scripting.FileSystemObject").GetStandardStream(1)stdout.WriteLine message
End Functionprint "fsfsdf"

getArraySize - 获取数组长度

Public Function print(message)Set stdout=CreateObject("Scripting.FileSystemObject").GetStandardStream(1)stdout.WriteLine message
End Functionpublic function getArraySize(nums)getArraySize = UBound(nums) - LBound(nums) + 1
end functiondim nums(5)arraySize = getArraySize(nums)
print arraySize

execCmd - 执行CMD命令

Public Function print(message)Set stdout=CreateObject("Scripting.FileSystemObject").GetStandardStream(1)stdout.WriteLine message
End Functionpublic function getArraySize(nums)getArraySize = UBound(nums) - LBound(nums) + 1
end function'' 创建WScript.Shell对象
'Set objShell = CreateObject("WScript.Shell")
'
'' 执行cmd命令，这里以"ipconfig /all"为例
'Set objExecObject = objShell.Exec("cmd /c ipconfig /all")
'
'' 读取命令执行的结果
'Do While Not objExecObject.StdOut.AtEndOfStream
'    strText = objExecObject.StdOut.ReadAll()
''    WScript.Echo strText
'    print "================="
'    print "================="
'    print strText
'Looppublic Function execCmd(cmd)dim result
' 创建WScript.Shell对象Set objShell = CreateObject("WScript.Shell")' 执行cmd命令，这里以"ipconfig /all"为例Set objExecObject = objShell.Exec("cmd /c "&cmd)' 读取命令执行的结果Do While Not objExecObject.StdOut.AtEndOfStreamresult = objExecObject.StdOut.ReadAll()LoopexecCmd = resultend Functiondim pwdResult,execComandStr
execComandStr = "pwd"
pwdResult = execCmd(execComandStr)print pwdResult

readFileContent - 读取文件内容

Public Function print(message)Set stdout=CreateObject("Scripting.FileSystemObject").GetStandardStream(1)stdout.WriteLine message
End Functionpublic function getArraySize(nums)getArraySize = UBound(nums) - LBound(nums) + 1
end functionpublic Function execCmd(cmd)dim result' 创建WScript.Shell对象Set objShell = CreateObject("WScript.Shell")' 执行cmd命令，这里以"ipconfig /all"为例Set objExecObject = objShell.Exec("cmd /c "&cmd)' 读取命令执行的结果Do While Not objExecObject.StdOut.AtEndOfStreamresult = objExecObject.StdOut.ReadAll()LoopexecCmd = resultend Functionpublic Function readFileContent(filePath)Set oFS = CreateObject("Scripting.FileSystemObject")dim result,currentRowContentresult = ""'文件不存在，直接退出If Not oFS.FileExists(filePath) Thenprint "[warning]file no exit: "&filePathreadFileContent = resultexit FunctionEnd If'文件存在Set oFile = oFS.OpenTextFile(filePath, 1, 0)do until oFile.AtEndOfStreamcurrentRowContent = oFile.ReadLineresult = result & currentRowContent & vbLfloopreadFileContent = resultend Functiondim resultresult = readFileContent("D:\workspace\personal\selenium-test\src\main\java\work\linruchang\vbsFile\1.txt")
print resultresult = readFileContent("D:\workspace\personal\selenium-test\src\main\java\work\linruchang\vbsFile\2.txt")
print result

getEnvKeyValue - 获取某个环境变量值

'打印日志
Public Function print(message)Set stdout=CreateObject("Scripting.FileSystemObject").GetStandardStream(1)stdout.WriteLine message
End Function'获取某个环境变量值
public Function getEnvKeyValue(keyName)Set oShell = CreateObject("WScript.Shell")Set oEnv = oShell.Environment("USER")getEnvKeyValue = oEnv(keyName)
end Functiondim result
result = getEnvKeyValue("OneDrive")
print result

setEnvKeyValue - 新建或修改某个环境变量值

'修改新建某个环境变量值
public Function setEnvKeyValue(keyName, keyValue)Set oShell = CreateObject("WScript.Shell")Set oEnv = oShell.Environment("USER")oEnv(keyName) = keyValue
end FunctionsetEnvKeyValue "OneDrive2", "C:\Users\Administrator\OneDrive"

Windows常用内置对象

系统对象使用的文档（可直接参考微软的VBA文档）：https://learn.microsoft.com/en-us/office/vba/api/overview/

文件对象：Scripting.FileSystemObject

Public Function print(message)Set stdout=CreateObject("Scripting.FileSystemObject").GetStandardStream(1)stdout.WriteLine message
End Functionpublic function getArraySize(nums)getArraySize = UBound(nums) - LBound(nums) + 1
end functionpublic Function execCmd(cmd)dim result' 创建WScript.Shell对象Set objShell = CreateObject("WScript.Shell")' 执行cmd命令，这里以"ipconfig /all"为例Set objExecObject = objShell.Exec("cmd /c "&cmd)' 读取命令执行的结果Do While Not objExecObject.StdOut.AtEndOfStreamresult = objExecObject.StdOut.ReadAll()LoopexecCmd = resultend FunctionSet oShell = CreateObject("WScript.Shell")Set oFS = CreateObject("Scripting.FileSystemObject")'读取文本文件，并打印出来到控制台
dim file,fileContent,currentRowContent
file = "D:\workspace\personal\selenium-test\src\main\java\work\linruchang\vbsFile\1.txt"
Set oFile = oFS.OpenTextFile(file, 1, 0)
do until oFile.AtEndOfStreamcurrentRowContent = oFile.ReadLinefileContent = fileContent & currentRowContent & vbLf
loop
oFile.Closeprint fileContent

系统环境变量对象：USER

'打印日志
Public Function print(message)Set stdout=CreateObject("Scripting.FileSystemObject").GetStandardStream(1)stdout.WriteLine message
End Function'获取某个环境变量值
public Function getEnvKeyValue(keyName)Set oShell = CreateObject("WScript.Shell")Set oEnv = oShell.Environment("USER")getEnvKeyValue = oEnv(keyName)
end Functiondim result
result = getEnvKeyValue("OneDrive")
print result'修改新建某个环境变量值
public Function setEnvKeyValue(keyName, keyValue)Set oShell = CreateObject("WScript.Shell")Set oEnv = oShell.Environment("USER")oEnv(keyName) = keyValue
end FunctionsetEnvKeyValue "OneDrive2", "C:\Users\Administrator\OneDrive2"print(getenvkeyvalue("OneDrive2"))