【scikit-learn 1.2版本后】sklearn.datasets中load_boston报错 使用 fetch_openml 函数来加载波士顿房价

ImportError:
load_boston has been removed from scikit-learn since version 1.2.

由于 load_boston 已经在 scikit-learn 1.2 版本中被移除，需要使用 fetch_openml 函数来加载波士顿房价数据集。

# 导入sklearn数据集模块
from sklearn import datasets
# 导入波士顿房价数据集
data_x, data_y = datasets.fetch_openml(name="boston", version=1, as_frame=True, return_X_y=True, parser="pandas")

这段代码的功能是从 OpenML 数据集库中获取名为“boston”的数据集，并将其加载为 Pandas DataFrame 格式。具体步骤如下：

1. 调用 datasets.fetch_openml 函数。
2. 指定数据集名称为 “boston”，版本为 1。
3. 设置 as_frame=True，使数据以 Pandas DataFrame 格式返回。
4. 设置 return_X_y=True，返回特征数据和目标数据。
5. 设置 parser=“pandas”，使用 Pandas 解析器。

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以下是完整的报错信息，包含了修改的建议：

ImportError:
load_boston has been removed from scikit-learn since version 1.2.

The Boston housing prices dataset has an ethical problem: as investigated in [1], the authors of this dataset engineered a non-invertible variable “B” assuming that racial self-segregation had a positive impact on house prices [2]. Furthermore the goal of the research that led to the creation of this dataset was to study the impact of air quality but it did not give adequate demonstration of the
validity of this assumption.

The scikit-learn maintainers therefore strongly discourage the use of this dataset unless the purpose of the code is to study and educate about ethical issues in data science and machine learning.

In this special case, you can fetch the dataset from the original
source::

import pandas as pd
import numpy as npdata_url = "http://lib.stat.cmu.edu/datasets/boston"
raw_df = pd.read_csv(data_url, sep="\s+", skiprows=22, header=None)
data = np.hstack([raw_df.values[::2, :], raw_df.values[1::2, :2]])
target = raw_df.values[1::2, 2]

Alternative datasets include the California housing dataset and the Ames housing dataset. You can load the datasets as follows::

from sklearn.datasets import fetch_california_housing
housing = fetch_california_housing()

for the California housing dataset and::

from sklearn.datasets import fetch_openml
housing = fetch_openml(name="house_prices", as_frame=True)

for the Ames housing dataset.

[1] M Carlisle.
“Racist data destruction?” https://medium.com/@docintangible/racist-data-destruction-113e3eff54a8

[2] Harrison Jr, David, and Daniel L. Rubinfeld. “Hedonic housing prices and the demand for clean air.” Journal of environmental economics and management 5.1 (1978): 81-102.
https://www.researchgate.net/publication/4974606_Hedonic_housing_prices_and_the_demand_for_clean_air