Vue Web开发（二）

1. 项目搭建

1.1. 首页架子搭建

  使用Element ui中的Container布局容器，选择倒数第二个样式，将代码复制到Home.vue。

1.1.1.下载less

  （1）下载less样式
npm i less

  （2）下载less编辑解析器
npm i less-loader@5.0.0

  在项目package.文件中可以看到下载包

1.1.2. 界面开发

  界面

（1）按需引入组件

//main.js
import Vue from 'vue'
import App from './App.vue'
import 'element-ui/lib/theme-chalk/index.css';
//ElementUI全局引入
// import ElementUI from 'element-ui';
// Vue.use(ElementUI)
//ElementUI按需引入
import {Button,Container,Aside,Header,Main} from 'element-ui';
Vue.use(Button)
Vue.use(Container)
Vue.use(Aside)
Vue.use(Header)
Vue.use(Main)
import router from '../router/router.js';
Vue.config.productionTip = false
new Vue({router,render: h => h(App),
}).$mount('#app')

（2）界面搭建

//view/home.vue
<template><el-container style="height: 100%;"><el-aside width="auto">Aside</el-aside><el-container><el-header>Header</el-header><el-main>Main</el-main></el-container></el-container>
</template>
<script>export default {name: 'Home',data() {return {}}}
</script>
<style lang="less">.el-header {background-color: black;}.el-main {padding-top: 0px;}
</style>

1.2. 左侧导航栏实现

  本质上这个模块应该是在Home.vue的Aside标签内，这个模块每个页面都会用到，所以我们把它新建成一个公共模块，所以我们在components文件下新建CommonAside.vue文件，components会存放所有组件。
  左侧导航栏逻辑如图所示，有一级菜单、二级菜单。这里我们使用Element ui的NavMenu导航菜单组件的折叠组件。


  （1）新建components/CommonAside.vue文件,引入现成组件，复制代码至CommonAside.vue文件，还有style、script代码。

//components/CommonAside.vue
<template>
<el-menu default-active="1-4-1" class="el-menu-vertical-demo" @open="handleOpen" @close="handleClose" :collapse="isCollapse"><el-submenu index="1"><template slot="title"><i class="el-icon-location"></i><span slot="title">导航一</span></template><el-menu-item-group><span slot="title">分组一</span><el-menu-item index="1-1">选项1</el-menu-item><el-menu-item index="1-2">选项2</el-menu-item></el-menu-item-group><el-menu-item-group title="分组2"><el-menu-item index="1-3">选项3</el-menu-item></el-menu-item-group><el-submenu index="1-4"><span slot="title">选项4</span><el-menu-item index="1-4-1">选项1</el-menu-item></el-submenu></el-submenu><el-menu-item index="2"><i class="el-icon-menu"></i><span slot="title">导航二</span></el-menu-item><el-menu-item index="3" disabled><i class="el-icon-document"></i><span slot="title">导航三</span></el-menu-item><el-menu-item index="4"><i class="el-icon-setting"></i><span slot="title">导航四</span></el-menu-item>
</el-menu>
</template>
<script>export default {data() {return {isCollapse: true};},methods: {handleOpen(key, keyPath) {console.log(key, keyPath);},handleClose(key, keyPath) {console.log(key, keyPath);}}}
</script>
<style>.el-menu-vertical-demo:not(.el-menu--collapse) {width: 200px;min-height: 400px;}
</style>

  （2）在CommonAside.vue文件中新建template标签，将元素标签放入，style、script代码在template标签外面。根据外面的逻辑图删除一些不必要的元素。

//components/CommonAside.vue
<template><el-menu default-active="1-4-1" class="el-menu-vertical-demo" @open="handleOpen" @close="handleClose":collapse="isCollapse"><el-menu-item index="2"><i class="el-icon-menu"></i><span slot="title">导航二</span></el-menu-item><el-submenu index="1"><template slot="title"><i class="el-icon-location"></i><span slot="title">导航一</span></template><el-menu-item-group><span slot="title">分组一</span><el-menu-item index="1-1">选项1</el-menu-item></el-menu-item-group></el-submenu><el-menu-item index="3" disabled><i class="el-icon-document"></i><span slot="title">导航三</span></el-menu-item></el-menu>
</template><script>export default {data() {return {isCollapse: false};},methods: {handleOpen(key, keyPath) {console.log(key, keyPath);},handleClose(key, keyPath) {console.log(key, keyPath);}}}
</script>
<style>.el-menu-vertical-demo:not(.el-menu--collapse) {width: 200px;min-height: 400px;}
</style>

  （3）menu数据：在data（）return中定义menu，将数据放入menu，并且将isCollapse属性设置为false！！！，表示图标展开。

[{path: "/",name: "home",label: "首页",icon: "s-home",url: "Home/Home",},{path: "/mail",name: "mail",label: "商品管理",icon: "video-play",url: "MailManage/MailManage",},{path: "/user",name: "user",label: "用户管理",icon: "user",url: "UserManage/UserManage",},{label: "其他",icon: "location",children: [{path: "/page1",name: "page1",label: "页面1",icon: "setting",url: "Other/PageOne",},{path: "/page2",name: "page2",label: "页面2",icon: "setting",url: "Other/PageTwo",}],},]

//components/CommonAside.vue
<template><el-menu default-active="1-4-1" class="el-menu-vertical-demo" @open="handleOpen" @close="handleClose":collapse="isCollapse"><el-menu-item index="2"><i class="el-icon-menu"></i><span slot="title">导航二</span></el-menu-item><el-submenu index="1"><template slot="title"><i class="el-icon-location"></i><span slot="title">导航一</span></template><el-menu-item-group><span slot="title">分组一</span><el-menu-item index="1-1">选项1</el-menu-item></el-menu-item-group></el-submenu><el-menu-item index="3" disabled><i class="el-icon-document"></i><span slot="title">导航三</span></el-menu-item></el-menu>
</template><script>export default {data() {return {isCollapse: false,menu: [{path: "/",name: "home",label: "首页",icon: "s-home",url: "Home/Home",},{path: "/mail",name: "mail",label: "商品管理",icon: "video-play",url: "MailManage/MailManage",},{path: "/user",name: "user",label: "用户管理",icon: "user",url: "UserManage/UserManage",},{label: "其他",icon: "location",children: [{path: "/page1",name: "page1",label: "页面1",icon: "setting",url: "Other/PageOne",},{path: "/page2",name: "page2",label: "页面2",icon: "setting",url: "Other/PageTwo",}],},]};},methods: {handleOpen(key, keyPath) {console.log(key, keyPath);},handleClose(key, keyPath) {console.log(key, keyPath);}}}
</script><style>.el-menu-vertical-demo:not(.el-menu--collapse) {width: 200px;min-height: 400px;}
</style>

  在CommonAside.vue中，这里主要是处理数据，使用computed计算属性，两个属性，noChildren和hasChildren，需要对数据源进行过滤。过滤使用filter方法，filter里面有一个函数，判断是否有子项目，这样可以拿到noChildren和hasChildren两个数组。主要是为了区分一二级菜单的渲染。

//计算属性
computed:{noChildren(){return this.menu.filter(item => !item.children)},hasChildren(){return this.menu.filter(item => item.children)}}

1.2.1. 一级菜单渲染

  一级菜单，进行页面渲染，更改前面的代码。遍历有v-for，使用遍历需要加上key，使用路径作为唯一标识。图标原本是，这里我们用字符串拼接，因为数据中有icon对象，双花括号渲染数据，数据有多少条就渲染多少条，一级菜单一个有四个，分别是首页、商品管理、用户管其他。

<!-- 一级菜单,:=v-bind： --><el-menu-item v-for="item in noChildren" :index="item.path" :key="item.path"><i :class="'el-icon-'+item.icon"></i><span slot="title">{{item.label}}</span></el-menu-item>

//components/CommonAside.vue
<template><el-menu default-active="1-4-1" class="el-menu-vertical-demo" @open="handleOpen" @close="handleClose":collapse="isCollapse"><!-- 一级菜单,:=v-bind： --><el-menu-item v-for="item in noChildren" :index="item.path" :key="item.path"><i :class="'el-icon-'+item.icon"></i><span slot="title">{{item.label}}</span></el-menu-item><el-submenu index="1"><template slot="title"><i class="el-icon-location"></i><span slot="title">导航一</span></template><el-menu-item-group><span slot="title">分组一</span><el-menu-item index="1-1">选项1</el-menu-item></el-menu-item-group></el-submenu><el-menu-item index="3" disabled><i class="el-icon-document"></i><span slot="title">导航三</span></el-menu-item></el-menu>
</template><script>export default {data() {return {isCollapse: false,menu: [{path: "/",name: "home",label: "首页",icon: "s-home",url: "Home/Home",},{path: "/mail",name: "mail",label: "商品管理",icon: "video-play",url: "MailManage/MailManage",},{path: "/user",name: "user",label: "用户管理",icon: "user",url: "UserManage/UserManage",},{label: "其他",icon: "location",children: [{path: "/page1",name: "page1",label: "页面1",icon: "setting",url: "Other/PageOne",},{path: "/page2",name: "page2",label: "页面2",icon: "setting",url: "Other/PageTwo",}],},]};},methods: {handleOpen(key, keyPath) {console.log(key, keyPath);},handleClose(key, keyPath) {console.log(key, keyPath);}},//计算属性computed: {//没有子菜单noChildren() {return this.menu.filter(item => !item.children)},//有子菜单hasChildren() {return this.menu.filter(item => item.children)}}}
</script>
<style>.el-menu-vertical-demo:not(.el-menu--collapse) {width: 200px;min-height: 400px;}
</style>

1.2.2. 二级菜单渲染

   更改CommonAside.vue文件，item可以拿到数据。
   添加

通用后台管理系统

标签

<!-- 二级菜单 --><el-submenu v-for="item in hasChildren" :index="item.path" :key="item.path"><template slot="title"><i :class="'el-icon'+item.icon"></i><span slot="title">{{item.label}}</span></template><!-- 这里subItem和subIndex并没有实际意义，只是用来指代item.children的多个数组，两者甚至可以互换，只新定义一个也可以的,:index后面有没有.path都可以运行成功 --><el-menu-item-group v-for="(subItem,subIndex) in item.children" :key="subItem.path"><el-menu-item :index="subIndex.path">{{subItem.label}}</el-menu-item></el-menu-item-group></el-submenu>

//components/CommonAside.vue
<template><el-menu default-active="1-4-1" class="el-menu-vertical-demo" @open="handleOpen" @close="handleClose":collapse="isCollapse"><h3>通用后台管理系统</h3><!-- 一级菜单,:=v-bind： --><el-menu-item v-for="item in noChildren" :index="item.path" :key="item.path"><i :class="'el-icon-'+item.icon"></i><span slot="title">{{item.label}}</span></el-menu-item><!-- 二级菜单 --><el-submenu v-for="item in hasChildren" :index="item.path" :key="item.path"><template slot="title"><i :class="'el-icon'+item.icon"></i><span slot="title">{{item.label}}</span></template><!-- 这里subItem和subIndex并没有实际意义，只是用来指代item.children的多个数组，两者甚至可以互换，只新定义一个也可以的,:index后面有没有.path都可以运行成功 --><el-menu-item-group v-for="(subItem,subIndex) in item.children" :key="subItem.path"><el-menu-item :index="subIndex.path">{{subItem.label}}</el-menu-item></el-menu-item-group></el-submenu><el-menu-item index="3" disabled><i class="el-icon-document"></i><span slot="title">导航三</span></el-menu-item></el-menu>
</template><script>export default {data() {return {isCollapse: false,menu: [{path: "/",name: "home",label: "首页",icon: "s-home",url: "Home/Home",},{path: "/mail",name: "mail",label: "商品管理",icon: "video-play",url: "MailManage/MailManage",},{path: "/user",name: "user",label: "用户管理",icon: "user",url: "UserManage/UserManage",},{label: "其他",icon: "location",children: [{path: "/page1",name: "page1",label: "页面1",icon: "setting",url: "Other/PageOne",},{path: "/page2",name: "page2",label: "页面2",icon: "setting",url: "Other/PageTwo",}],},]};},methods: {handleOpen(key, keyPath) {console.log(key, keyPath);},handleClose(key, keyPath) {console.log(key, keyPath);}},//计算属性computed: {//没有子菜单noChildren() {return this.menu.filter(item => !item.children)},//有子菜单hasChildren() {return this.menu.filter(item => item.children)}}}
</script>
<style>.el-menu-vertical-demo:not(.el-menu--collapse) {width: 200px;min-height: 400px;}
</style>

  源码下载