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【Maven】多模块项目的构建

news 2025/7/8 19:22:16

项目构建

什么是构建？

项目构建指的是将源代码和资源文件转换为可执行或可分发的软件制品（如 JAR、WAR 文件）的过程。这个过程不仅包括编译代码，还包括运行测试、打包、部署等步骤。Maven 提供了一套标准化的方法来处理这些任务，使得构建过程更加自动化和可重复。如下图所示：
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构建过程的几个主要环节：

  1. 清理：删除以前的编译结果，为重新编译做好准备。
  2. 编译：将 Java 源程序编译为字节码文件。
  3. 测试：针对项目中的关键点进行测试，确保项目在迭代开发过程中关键点的正确性。
  4. 报告：在每一次测试后，以标准的格式记录和展示测试结果。
  5. 打包：将一个包含诸多文件的工程封装为一个压缩文件用于安装或部署。Java 工程对应 jar 包，Web 工程对应 war 包。
  6. 安装：在 Maven 环境下特指将 jar 包安装到本地仓库中。这样该项目就可以被其他的 Maven 项目通过依赖的方式引入。
  7. 部署：将 jar 包部署到私服上。

因此，上面的整个流程称为构建，而不是一个或几个步骤。

自动化构建

看一个小故事：

这是阳光明媚的一天。托马斯像往常一样早早的来到了公司，冲好一杯咖啡，进入了自己的邮箱。很不幸，QA 小组发来了一封邮件，报告了他昨天提交的模块的测试结果有 BUG。“好吧，反正也不是第一 次”，托马斯摇摇头，进入 IDE，运行自己的程序，编译、打包、部署到服务器上，然后按照邮件中的操作路径进行测试。“嗯，没错，这个地方确实有问题”，托马斯说道。于是托马斯开始尝试修复这个 BUG，当他差不多有眉目的时候已经到了午饭时间。下午继续工作。BUG 很快被修正了，接着托马斯对模块重新进行了编译、打包、部署，测试之后确认没有问题了，回复了 QA 小组的邮件。 一天就这样过去了，明媚的阳光化作了美丽的晚霞，托马斯却觉得生活并不像晚霞那样美好啊。

让我们来梳理一下托马斯这一天中的工作内容：
请添加图片描述

从中我们发现，托马斯的很大一部分时间花在了"编译、打包、部署、测试"这些流程化的工作上面，而真正需要由"人"的智慧实现的分析问题和编码却只占了很少一部分。
请添加图片描述

能否将这些程式化的工作交给机器自动完成呢？——当然可以！这就是自动化构建。

请添加图片描述
此时 Maven 的意义就体现出来了，它可以自动的从构建过程的起点一直执行到终点，也就是一键式构建：

请添加图片描述

反应堆机制（Reactor Mechanism）

什么是反应堆？

Maven 中处理多模块项目的机制称为 reactor（反应堆）。作用如下：

  • 收集要构建的所有可用模块
  • 给收集到的模块指定一个构建顺序
  • 按顺序构建选定的模块

反应堆如何确定多个模块的构建顺序？

由于多模块构建中的模块之间可能相互依赖，因此反应堆必须对所有项目进行排序，以确保任何项目在需要之前就已构建完成。

排序规则如下：

  1. 项目依赖于构建中的另一个模块：如果一个模块依赖于另一个模块，则被依赖的模块会被优先构建。这是确保所有依赖项在使用它们的模块之前已经被构建和安装。
  2. 插件声明，其中插件是构建中的另一个模块：如果一个模块使用的插件是由构建中的另一个模块提供的，那么该插件模块将被优先构建。
  3. 插件依赖于构建中的另一个模块：如果一个模块使用的插件本身依赖于构建中的另一个模块，那么这个被依赖的模块也会被优先构建。
  4. 构建扩展声明为构建中的另一个模块：如果一个模块定义了构建扩展，并且这个扩展是由构建中的另一个模块提供的，那么提供扩展的模块将会被优先构建。
  5. 元素中声明的顺序：当上述规则不适用时，即模块之间没有相互依赖关系、插件声明或构建扩展依赖的情况下，Maven 将按照<modules>元素中列出的顺序来构建模块。

另外，Maven 在确定反应堆排序（reactor sort order）时只会考虑"实例化"的引用。这意味着只有实际使用的依赖和插件（实际在<dependencies>部分声明的依赖、实际在<build><plugins>部分声明并使用的插件）才会影响构建顺序，而dependencyManagement和pluginManagement中声明的元素不会直接影响反应堆排序。

附：由于 Maven 官方或第三方提供的插件几乎能满足企业开发中需求，所以 2 ~ 4 条规则很少会涉及到。

需求一：构建整个项目

准备工作

1、创建项目，添加子模块

为了演示多模块项目的构建，创建了一个名为 big-marketing-wheel 的项目。

如下图所示，big-marketing-wheel 是一个多模块的 Spring Boot（Maven）项目的骨架。该骨架不包含任何业务代码。

请添加图片描述

项目地址：https://github.com/Acura-bit/big-marketing-wheel.git

2、修改父 pom

在各个子模块的 pom 文件中引入了一些依赖，但这些依赖不影响本节要演示的项目构建。其中，模块间相互依赖关系如下图所示。该项目只是为了演示，在实际场景中，模块间的依赖关系不会是这样的。
请添加图片描述
父 pom 的自模块声明如下所示：

<modules><module>big-marketing-wheel-api</module><module>big-marketing-wheel-app</module><module>big-marketing-wheel-domain</module><module>big-marketing-wheel-trigger</module><module>big-marketing-wheel-infrastructure</module><module>big-marketing-wheel-types</module>
</modules>

构建项目

1、在 IntelliJ IDEA 中进入到 Terminal，如下图所示

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其实也就是在父工程的 pom 文件，即 big-marketing-wheel\pom.xml 下执行构建命令。

我们的目的是想观察不同模块的构建顺序，可以执行任意的生命周期，这里我们执行 install 命令。

2、执行 mvn install 命令，将整个项目打包安装到本地仓库

项目的构建过程如所示。

(base) PS C:\Coding_Gallery\Intellij_IDEA_Workspace\big-marketing-wheel> mvn install
[INFO] Scanning for projects...
[INFO] ------------------------------------------------------------------------
[INFO] Reactor Build Order:
[INFO] 
[INFO] big-marketing-wheel                                                [pom]
[INFO] big-marketing-wheel-types                                          [jar]
[INFO] big-marketing-wheel-api                                            [jar]
[INFO] big-marketing-wheel-app                                            [jar]
[INFO] big-marketing-wheel-infrastructure                                 [jar]
[INFO] big-marketing-wheel-trigger                                        [jar]
[INFO] big-marketing-wheel-domain                                         [jar]
[INFO]
[INFO] ------------------< cn.myphoenix:big-marketing-wheel >------------------
[INFO] Building big-marketing-wheel 1.0-SNAPSHOT                          [1/7]
[INFO]   from pom.xml
[INFO] --------------------------------[ pom ]---------------------------------
[INFO] 
[INFO] --- maven-install-plugin:2.5.2:install (default-install) @ big-marketing-wheel ---
[INFO] Installing C:\Coding_Gallery\Intellij_IDEA_Workspace\big-marketing-wheel\pom.xml to C:\Softwares\Developer_Kits\apache-maven-3.8.8\repository\cn\myphoenix\big-marketing-whee[debug] execute contextualize
[INFO] Using 'UTF-8' encoding to copy filtered resources.
[INFO] skip non existing resourceDirectory C:\Coding_Gallery\Intellij_IDEA_Workspace\big-marketing-wheel\big-marketing-wheel-types\src\main\resources
[INFO] skip non existing resourceDirectory C:\Coding_Gallery\Intellij_IDEA_Workspace\big-marketing-wheel\big-marketing-wheel-types\src\main\resources
[INFO]
[INFO] --- maven-compiler-plugin:3.0:compile (default-compile) @ big-marketing-wheel-types ---
[INFO] Changes detected - recompiling the module!
[INFO] Compiling 3 source files to C:\Coding_Gallery\Intellij_IDEA_Workspace\big-marketing-wheel\big-marketing-wheel-types\target\classes
[INFO] 
[INFO] --- maven-resources-plugin:2.5:testResources (default-testResources) @ big-marketing-wheel-types ---
[debug] execute contextualize
[INFO] Using 'UTF-8' encoding to copy filtered resources.
[INFO] skip non existing resourceDirectory C:\Coding_Gallery\Intellij_IDEA_Workspace\big-marketing-wheel\big-marketing-wheel-types\src\test\resources
[INFO] 
[INFO] --- maven-compiler-plugin:3.0:testCompile (default-testCompile) @ big-marketing-wheel-types ---
[INFO] No sources to compile
[INFO] 
[INFO] --- maven-surefire-plugin:2.22.2:test (default-test) @ big-marketing-wheel-types ---
[INFO] No tests to run.
[INFO]
[INFO] --- maven-jar-plugin:3.2.2:jar (default-jar) @ big-marketing-wheel-types ---
[INFO] Building jar: C:\Coding_Gallery\Intellij_IDEA_Workspace\big-marketing-wheel\big-marketing-wheel-types\target\big-marketing-wheel-types.jar
[INFO] 
[INFO] --- maven-install-plugin:2.5.2:install (default-install) @ big-marketing-wheel-types ---
[INFO] Installing C:\Coding_Gallery\Intellij_IDEA_Workspace\big-marketing-wheel\big-marketing-wheel-types\target\big-marketing-wheel-types.jar to C:\Softwares\Developer_Kits\apache-maven-3.8.8\repository\cn\myphoenix\big-marketing-wheel-types\1.0-SNAPSHOT\big-marketing-wheel-types-1.0-SNAPSHOT.jar
[INFO] Installing C:\Coding_Gallery\Intellij_IDEA_Workspace\big-marketing-wheel\big-marketing-wheel-types\pom.xml to C:\Softwares\Developer_Kits\apache-maven-3.8.8\repository\cn\myphoenix\big-marketing-wheel-types\1.0-SNAPSHOT\big-marketing-wheel-types-1.0-SNAPSHOT.pom
[INFO]
[INFO] ----------------< cn.myphoenix:big-marketing-wheel-api >----------------
[INFO] Building big-marketing-wheel-api 1.0-SNAPSHOT                      [3/7]
[INFO]   from big-marketing-wheel-api\pom.xml
[INFO] --------------------------------[ jar ]---------------------------------
[INFO] 
[INFO] --- maven-resources-plugin:2.5:resources (default-resources) @ big-marketing-wheel-api ---
[debug] execute contextualize
[INFO] Using 'UTF-8' encoding to copy filtered resources.
[INFO] skip non existing resourceDirectory C:\Coding_Gallery\Intellij_IDEA_Workspace\big-marketing-wheel\big-marketing-wheel-api\src\main\resources
[INFO] skip non existing resourceDirectory C:\Coding_Gallery\Intellij_IDEA_Workspace\big-marketing-wheel\big-marketing-wheel-api\src\main\resources
[INFO]
[INFO] --- maven-compiler-plugin:3.0:compile (default-compile) @ big-marketing-wheel-api ---
[INFO] Changes detected - recompiling the module!
[INFO] Compiling 3 source files to C:\Coding_Gallery\Intellij_IDEA_Workspace\big-marketing-wheel\big-marketing-wheel-api\target\classes
[INFO] 
[INFO] --- maven-resources-plugin:2.5:testResources (default-testResources) @ big-marketing-wheel-api ---
[debug] execute contextualize
[INFO] Using 'UTF-8' encoding to copy filtered resources.
[INFO] skip non existing resourceDirectory C:\Coding_Gallery\Intellij_IDEA_Workspace\big-marketing-wheel\big-marketing-wheel-api\src\test\resources
[INFO]
[INFO] --- maven-compiler-plugin:3.0:testCompile (default-testCompile) @ big-marketing-wheel-api ---
[INFO] No sources to compile
[INFO]
[INFO] --- maven-surefire-plugin:2.22.2:test (default-test) @ big-marketing-wheel-api ---
[INFO] No tests to run.
[INFO]
[INFO] --- maven-jar-plugin:3.2.2:jar (default-jar) @ big-marketing-wheel-api ---
[INFO] Building jar: C:\Coding_Gallery\Intellij_IDEA_Workspace\big-marketing-wheel\big-marketing-wheel-api\target\big-marketing-wheel-api-1.0-SNAPSHOT.jar
[INFO] 
[INFO] --- maven-install-plugin:2.5.2:install (default-install) @ big-marketing-wheel-api ---
[INFO] Installing C:\Coding_Gallery\Intellij_IDEA_Workspace\big-marketing-wheel\big-marketing-wheel-api\target\big-marketing-wheel-api-1.0-SNAPSHOT.jar to C:\Softwares\Developer_Kits\apache-maven-3.8.8\repository\cn\myphoenix\big-marketing-wheel-api\1.0-SNAPSHOT\big-marketing-wheel-api-1.0-SNAPSHOT.jar
[INFO] Installing C:\Coding_Gallery\Intellij_IDEA_Workspace\big-marketing-wheel\big-marketing-wheel-api\pom.xml to C:\Softwares\Developer_Kits\apache-maven-3.8.8\repository\cn\myphoenix\big-marketing-wheel-api\1.0-SNAPSHOT\big-marketing-wheel-api-1.0-SNAPSHOT.pom
[INFO] 
[INFO] ----------------< cn.myphoenix:big-marketing-wheel-app >----------------
[INFO] Building big-marketing-wheel-app 1.0-SNAPSHOT                      [4/7]
[INFO]   from big-marketing-wheel-app\pom.xml
[INFO] --------------------------------[ jar ]---------------------------------
[INFO] 
[INFO] --- maven-resources-plugin:2.5:resources (default-resources) @ big-marketing-wheel-app ---
[debug] execute contextualize
[INFO] Using 'UTF-8' encoding to copy filtered resources.
[INFO] Copying 7 resources
[INFO] 
[INFO] --- maven-compiler-plugin:3.0:compile (default-compile) @ big-marketing-wheel-app ---
[INFO] Changes detected - recompiling the module!
[INFO] Compiling 6 source files to C:\Coding_Gallery\Intellij_IDEA_Workspace\big-marketing-wheel\big-marketing-wheel-app\target\classes
[INFO] 
[INFO] --- maven-resources-plugin:2.5:testResources (default-testResources) @ big-marketing-wheel-app ---
[debug] execute contextualize
[INFO] Using 'UTF-8' encoding to copy filtered resources.
[INFO] skip non existing resourceDirectory C:\Coding_Gallery\Intellij_IDEA_Workspace\big-marketing-wheel\big-marketing-wheel-app\src\test\resources
[INFO]
[INFO] --- maven-compiler-plugin:3.0:testCompile (default-testCompile) @ big-marketing-wheel-app ---
[INFO] Changes detected - recompiling the module!
[INFO] Compiling 1 source file to C:\Coding_Gallery\Intellij_IDEA_Workspace\big-marketing-wheel\big-marketing-wheel-app\target\test-classes
[INFO] 
[INFO] --- maven-surefire-plugin:2.6:test (default-test) @ big-marketing-wheel-app ---
[INFO] Tests are skipped.
[INFO]
[INFO] --- maven-jar-plugin:3.2.2:jar (default-jar) @ big-marketing-wheel-app ---
[INFO] Building jar: C:\Coding_Gallery\Intellij_IDEA_Workspace\big-marketing-wheel\big-marketing-wheel-app\target\big-marketing-wheel-app.jar
[INFO] 
[INFO] --- spring-boot-maven-plugin:2.7.12:repackage (repackage) @ big-marketing-wheel-app ---
[INFO] Layout: JAR
[INFO] Replacing main artifact with repackaged archive
[INFO]
[INFO] --- maven-install-plugin:2.5.2:install (default-install) @ big-marketing-wheel-app ---
[INFO] Installing C:\Coding_Gallery\Intellij_IDEA_Workspace\big-marketing-wheel\big-marketing-wheel-app\target\big-marketing-wheel-app.jar to C:\Softwares\Developer_Kits\apache-maven-3.8.8\repository\cn\myphoenix\big-marketing-wheel-app\1.0-SNAPSHOT\big-marketing-wheel-app-1.0-SNAPSHOT.jar
[INFO] Installing C:\Coding_Gallery\Intellij_IDEA_Workspace\big-marketing-wheel\big-marketing-wheel-app\pom.xml to C:\Softwares\Developer_Kits\apache-maven-3.8.8\repository\cn\myphoenix\big-marketing-wheel-app\1.0-SNAPSHOT\big-marketing-wheel-app-1.0-SNAPSHOT.pom
[INFO]
[INFO] ----------< cn.myphoenix:big-marketing-wheel-infrastructure >-----------
[INFO] Building big-marketing-wheel-infrastructure 1.0-SNAPSHOT           [5/7]
[INFO]   from big-marketing-wheel-infrastructure\pom.xml
[INFO] --------------------------------[ jar ]---------------------------------
[INFO]
[INFO] --- maven-resources-plugin:2.5:resources (default-resources) @ big-marketing-wheel-infrastructure ---
[debug] execute contextualize
[INFO] Using 'UTF-8' encoding to copy filtered resources.
[INFO] skip non existing resourceDirectory C:\Coding_Gallery\Intellij_IDEA_Workspace\big-marketing-wheel\big-marketing-wheel-infrastructure\src\main\resources
[INFO] skip non existing resourceDirectory C:\Coding_Gallery\Intellij_IDEA_Workspace\big-marketing-wheel\big-marketing-wheel-infrastructure\src\main\resources
[INFO]
[INFO] --- maven-compiler-plugin:3.0:compile (default-compile) @ big-marketing-wheel-infrastructure ---
[INFO] Changes detected - recompiling the module!
[INFO] Compiling 7 source files to C:\Coding_Gallery\Intellij_IDEA_Workspace\big-marketing-wheel\big-marketing-wheel-infrastructure\target\classes
[INFO] 
[INFO] --- maven-resources-plugin:2.5:testResources (default-testResources) @ big-marketing-wheel-infrastructure ---
[debug] execute contextualize
[INFO] Using 'UTF-8' encoding to copy filtered resources.
[INFO] skip non existing resourceDirectory C:\Coding_Gallery\Intellij_IDEA_Workspace\big-marketing-wheel\big-marketing-wheel-infrastructure\src\test\resources
[INFO]
[INFO] --- maven-compiler-plugin:3.0:testCompile (default-testCompile) @ big-marketing-wheel-infrastructure ---
[INFO] No sources to compile
[INFO]
[INFO] --- maven-surefire-plugin:2.22.2:test (default-test) @ big-marketing-wheel-infrastructure ---
[INFO] No tests to run.
[INFO]
[INFO] --- maven-jar-plugin:3.2.2:jar (default-jar) @ big-marketing-wheel-infrastructure ---
[INFO] Building jar: C:\Coding_Gallery\Intellij_IDEA_Workspace\big-marketing-wheel\big-marketing-wheel-infrastructure\target\big-marketing-wheel-infrastructure.jar
[INFO]
[INFO] --- maven-install-plugin:2.5.2:install (default-install) @ big-marketing-wheel-infrastructure ---
[INFO] Installing C:\Coding_Gallery\Intellij_IDEA_Workspace\big-marketing-wheel\big-marketing-wheel-infrastructure\target\big-marketing-wheel-infrastructure.jar to C:\Softwares\Developer_Kits\apache-maven-3.8.8\repository\cn\myphoenix\big-marketing-wheel-infrastructure\1.0-SNAPSHOT\big-marketing-wheel-infrastructure-1.0-SNAPSHOT.jar
[INFO] Installing C:\Coding_Gallery\Intellij_IDEA_Workspace\big-marketing-wheel\big-marketing-wheel-infrastructure\pom.xml to C:\Softwares\Developer_Kits\apache-maven-3.8.8\repository\cn\myphoenix\big-marketing-wheel-infrastructure\1.0-SNAPSHOT\big-marketing-wheel-infrastructure-1.0-SNAPSHOT.pom
[INFO]
[INFO] --------------< cn.myphoenix:big-marketing-wheel-trigger >--------------
[INFO] Building big-marketing-wheel-trigger 1.0-SNAPSHOT                  [6/7]
[INFO]   from big-marketing-wheel-trigger\pom.xml
[INFO] --------------------------------[ jar ]---------------------------------
[INFO] 
[INFO] --- maven-resources-plugin:2.5:resources (default-resources) @ big-marketing-wheel-trigger ---
[debug] execute contextualize
[INFO] Using 'UTF-8' encoding to copy filtered resources.
[INFO] skip non existing resourceDirectory C:\Coding_Gallery\Intellij_IDEA_Workspace\big-marketing-wheel\big-marketing-wheel-trigger\src\main\resources
[INFO] skip non existing resourceDirectory C:\Coding_Gallery\Intellij_IDEA_Workspace\big-marketing-wheel\big-marketing-wheel-trigger\src\main\resources
[INFO]
[INFO] --- maven-compiler-plugin:3.0:compile (default-compile) @ big-marketing-wheel-trigger ---
[INFO] Changes detected - recompiling the module!
[INFO] Compiling 3 source files to C:\Coding_Gallery\Intellij_IDEA_Workspace\big-marketing-wheel\big-marketing-wheel-trigger\target\classes
[INFO] 
[INFO] --- maven-resources-plugin:2.5:testResources (default-testResources) @ big-marketing-wheel-trigger ---
[debug] execute contextualize
[INFO] Using 'UTF-8' encoding to copy filtered resources.
[INFO] skip non existing resourceDirectory C:\Coding_Gallery\Intellij_IDEA_Workspace\big-marketing-wheel\big-marketing-wheel-trigger\src\test\resources
[INFO]
[INFO] --- maven-compiler-plugin:3.0:testCompile (default-testCompile) @ big-marketing-wheel-trigger ---
[INFO] No sources to compile
[INFO]
[INFO] --- maven-surefire-plugin:2.22.2:test (default-test) @ big-marketing-wheel-trigger ---
[INFO] No tests to run.
[INFO]
[INFO] --- maven-jar-plugin:3.2.2:jar (default-jar) @ big-marketing-wheel-trigger ---
[INFO] Building jar: C:\Coding_Gallery\Intellij_IDEA_Workspace\big-marketing-wheel\big-marketing-wheel-trigger\target\big-marketing-wheel-trigger.jar
[INFO]
[INFO] --- maven-install-plugin:2.5.2:install (default-install) @ big-marketing-wheel-trigger ---
[INFO] Installing C:\Coding_Gallery\Intellij_IDEA_Workspace\big-marketing-wheel\big-marketing-wheel-trigger\target\big-marketing-wheel-trigger.jar to C:\Softwares\Developer_Kits\apache-maven-3.8.8\repository\cn\myphoenix\big-marketing-wheel-trigger\1.0-SNAPSHOT\big-marketing-wheel-trigger-1.0-SNAPSHOT.jar
[INFO] Installing C:\Coding_Gallery\Intellij_IDEA_Workspace\big-marketing-wheel\big-marketing-wheel-trigger\pom.xml to C:\Softwares\Developer_Kits\apache-maven-3.8.8\repository\cn\myphoenix\big-marketing-wheel-trigger\1.0-SNAPSHOT\big-marketing-wheel-trigger-1.0-SNAPSHOT.pom
[INFO] 
[INFO] --------------< cn.myphoenix:big-marketing-wheel-domain >---------------
[INFO] Building big-marketing-wheel-domain 1.0-SNAPSHOT                   [7/7]
[INFO]   from big-marketing-wheel-domain\pom.xml
[INFO] --------------------------------[ jar ]---------------------------------
[INFO] 
[INFO] --- maven-resources-plugin:2.5:resources (default-resources) @ big-marketing-wheel-domain ---
[debug] execute contextualize
[INFO] Using 'UTF-8' encoding to copy filtered resources.
[INFO] skip non existing resourceDirectory C:\Coding_Gallery\Intellij_IDEA_Workspace\big-marketing-wheel\big-marketing-wheel-domain\src\main\resources
[INFO] skip non existing resourceDirectory C:\Coding_Gallery\Intellij_IDEA_Workspace\big-marketing-wheel\big-marketing-wheel-domain\src\main\resources
[INFO]
[INFO] --- maven-compiler-plugin:3.0:compile (default-compile) @ big-marketing-wheel-domain ---
[INFO] Changes detected - recompiling the module!
[INFO] Compiling 12 source files to C:\Coding_Gallery\Intellij_IDEA_Workspace\big-marketing-wheel\big-marketing-wheel-domain\target\classes
[INFO] 
[INFO] --- maven-resources-plugin:2.5:testResources (default-testResources) @ big-marketing-wheel-domain ---
[debug] execute contextualize
[INFO] Using 'UTF-8' encoding to copy filtered resources.
[INFO] skip non existing resourceDirectory C:\Coding_Gallery\Intellij_IDEA_Workspace\big-marketing-wheel\big-marketing-wheel-domain\src\test\resources
[INFO]
[INFO] --- maven-compiler-plugin:3.0:testCompile (default-testCompile) @ big-marketing-wheel-domain ---
[INFO] No sources to compile
[INFO]
[INFO] --- maven-surefire-plugin:2.22.2:test (default-test) @ big-marketing-wheel-domain ---
[INFO] No tests to run.
[INFO]
[INFO] --- maven-jar-plugin:3.2.2:jar (default-jar) @ big-marketing-wheel-domain ---
[INFO] Building jar: C:\Coding_Gallery\Intellij_IDEA_Workspace\big-marketing-wheel\big-marketing-wheel-domain\target\big-marketing-wheel-domain.jar
[INFO] 
[INFO] --- maven-install-plugin:2.5.2:install (default-install) @ big-marketing-wheel-domain ---
[INFO] Installing C:\Coding_Gallery\Intellij_IDEA_Workspace\big-marketing-wheel\big-marketing-wheel-domain\target\big-marketing-wheel-domain.jar to C:\Softwares\Developer_Kits\apache-maven-3.8.8\repository\cn\myphoenix\big-marketing-wheel-domain\1.0-SNAPSHOT\big-marketing-wheel-domain-1.0-SNAPSHOT.jar
[INFO] Installing C:\Coding_Gallery\Intellij_IDEA_Workspace\big-marketing-wheel\big-marketing-wheel-domain\pom.xml to C:\Softwares\Developer_Kits\apache-maven-3.8.8\repository\cn\myphoenix\big-marketing-wheel-domain\1.0-SNAPSHOT\big-marketing-wheel-domain-1.0-SNAPSHOT.pom
[INFO] ------------------------------------------------------------------------
[INFO] Reactor Summary for big-marketing-wheel 1.0-SNAPSHOT:
[INFO]
[INFO] big-marketing-wheel ................................ SUCCESS [  0.201 s]
[INFO] big-marketing-wheel-types .......................... SUCCESS [  2.621 s]
[INFO] big-marketing-wheel-api ............................ SUCCESS [  1.019 s]
[INFO] big-marketing-wheel-app ............................ SUCCESS [  3.252 s]
[INFO] big-marketing-wheel-infrastructure ................. SUCCESS [  0.823 s]
[INFO] big-marketing-wheel-trigger ........................ SUCCESS [  0.104 s]
[INFO] big-marketing-wheel-domain ......................... SUCCESS [  0.891 s]
[INFO] ------------------------------------------------------------------------
[INFO] BUILD SUCCESS
[INFO] ------------------------------------------------------------------------
[INFO] Total time:  9.146 s
[INFO] Finished at: 2024-12-13T21:22:46+08:00
[INFO] ------------------------------------------------------------------------

结论：

(1) 由标红处可以看到，Maven 的反应堆给出了模块的构建顺序：

  • big-marketing-wheel → big-marketing-wheel-types → big-marketing-wheel-api → big-marketing-wheel-app → big-marketing-wheel-infrastructure → big-marketing-wheel-trigger → big-marketing-wheel-domain

(2) 由标绿处可以看到，每个模块的构建过程是相互独立的，并且是从 default 生命周期的头开始执行，一直到 install 阶段。

(3) 在 Maven 本地仓库找到 install 的内容，如下图所示，父工程和子工程位于不同的文件夹中。

请添加图片描述

思考：反应堆的模块构建顺序是如何得到的？

项目的构建顺序如下所示：

[INFO] big-marketing-wheel                                                [pom]
[INFO] big-marketing-wheel-types                                          [jar]
[INFO] big-marketing-wheel-api                                            [jar]
[INFO] big-marketing-wheel-app                                            [jar]
[INFO] big-marketing-wheel-infrastructure                                 [jar]
[INFO] big-marketing-wheel-trigger                                        [jar]
[INFO] big-marketing-wheel-domain                                         [jar]

解释：

由反应堆确定模块构建顺序的原则可知，在执行项目构建时，先读取父 pom 文件的 modules 标签，如果当前 module 有依赖的 module，则先构建被依赖的 module，再构建当前 module。构建过程如下：

big-marketing-wheel-api：

  • api 模块依赖于 types 模块，不能直接加入构建序列；
  • types 模块没有依赖的模块，则 types[1] 模块加入构建序列；
  • 依赖项 types 模块已加入构建序列，则 api[2] 模块可以加入构建序列。

big-marketing-wheel-app：

  • app 模块依赖于types 模块，而 types 模块已经加入到构建序列，则 app[3] 模块可以加入到构建序列。

big-marketing-wheel-domain：

  • domain 模块依赖于 infrastructure、trigger，且后两者尚未加入到构建序列，所以此时不能将 domain 加入到构建序列：
    • infrastructure[4] 模块没有依赖项，可以加入到构建序列；
    • trigger[5] 模块没有依赖项，可以加入到构建序列。
  • domain[6] 模块的所有依赖项已加入到构建序列，其可以加入到构建序列。

上述过程可以参照父 pom 声明子模块的顺序和子模块间的相互依赖关系，如下图所示：

请添加图片描述

需求二：构建某个子模块

场景：

types 模块被 api 和 app 依赖，当 types 模块有修改时，我们希望 api 和 app 也能构建。只构建这 3 个模块，而不是将所有的模块都重新构建。

types 模块只是被 2 个模块依赖，真实的企业项目可能会存在一个模块被很多模块依赖的情况。如果每次修改这个模块时，我们都要重新打包所有的模块，那构建时间可能会非常久。有没有什么办法实现按需构建呢？

Maven 提供了命令行选项，可以实现实现按需构建，下面介绍一些命令行选项：

命令行选项

1、-pl

  • 等价于：--projects <arg>。
  • 作用：构建指定的模块，而不是构建整个项目。arg 表示多个模块，之间用逗号分开，模块有两种写法
# 写法一
-pl 模块1相对路径 [,模块2相对路径] [,模块n相对路径]# 写法一
-pl [模块1的groupId]:模块1的artifactId [,[模块2的groupId]:模块2的artifactId, [模块n的groupId]:模块n的artifactId]
演示

依旧在项目根目录 big-marketing-wheel\pom.xml 下执行构建命令

(1) 构建 types 模块

# 写法一
mvn install -pl big-marketing-wheel-types# 写法二 (1)
mvn install -pl cn.myphoenix:big-marketing-wheel-types# 写法二 (2)
mvn install -pl :big-marketing-wheel-types

说明：虽然"写法一"和"写法二 (2)"很相似，但含义完全不同。在写法一中，“big-marketing-wheel-types” 表示该子模块的相对路径；而在写法二 (2) 中，“big-marketing-wheel-types” 则表示该子模块的的 artifactId。

上述命令的执行结果相同，如下所示：

(base) PS C:\...\big-marketing-wheel> mvn install -pl cn.myphoenix:big-marketing-wheel-types
[INFO] Scanning for projects...
[INFO] 
[INFO] ---------------< cn.myphoenix:big-marketing-wheel-types >---------------
[INFO] Building big-marketing-wheel-types 1.0-SNAPSHOT
[INFO]
[INFO] --- maven-resources-plugin:2.5:resources (default-resources) @ big-marketing-wheel-types ---
[debug] execute contextualize
[INFO] Using 'UTF-8' encoding to copy filtered resources.
[INFO] skip non existing resourceDirectory C:\Coding_Gallery\Intellij_IDEA_Workspace\big-marketing-wheel\big-marketing-wheel-types\src\main\resources
[INFO] skip non existing resourceDirectory C:\Coding_Gallery\Intellij_IDEA_Workspace\big-marketing-wheel\big-marketing-wheel-types\src\main\resources
[INFO]
[INFO] --- maven-compiler-plugin:3.0:compile (default-compile) @ big-marketing-wheel-types ---
[INFO] Changes detected - recompiling the module!
[INFO] Compiling 3 source files to C:\Coding_Gallery\Intellij_IDEA_Workspace\big-marketing-wheel\big-marketing-wheel-types\target\classes
[INFO] 
[INFO] --- maven-resources-plugin:2.5:testResources (default-testResources) @ big-marketing-wheel-types ---
[debug] execute contextualize
[INFO] Using 'UTF-8' encoding to copy filtered resources.
[INFO] skip non existing resourceDirectory C:\Coding_Gallery\Intellij_IDEA_Workspace\big-marketing-wheel\big-marketing-wheel-types\src\test\resources
[INFO] 
[INFO] --- maven-compiler-plugin:3.0:testCompile (default-testCompile) @ big-marketing-wheel-types ---
[INFO] No sources to compile
[INFO] 
[INFO] --- maven-surefire-plugin:2.22.2:test (default-test) @ big-marketing-wheel-types ---
[INFO] No tests to run.
[INFO]
[INFO] --- maven-jar-plugin:3.2.2:jar (default-jar) @ big-marketing-wheel-types ---
[INFO] Building jar: C:\Coding_Gallery\Intellij_IDEA_Workspace\big-marketing-wheel\big-marketing-wheel-types\target\big-marketing-wheel-types.jar
[INFO] 
[INFO] --- maven-install-plugin:2.5.2:install (default-install) @ big-marketing-wheel-types ---
[INFO] Installing C:\Coding_Gallery\Intellij_IDEA_Workspace\big-marketing-wheel\big-marketing-wheel-types\target\big-marketing-wheel-types.jar to C:\Softwares\Developer_Kits\apache-maven-3.8.8\repository\cn\myphoenix\big-marketing-wheel-types\1.0-SNAPSHOT\big-marketing-wheel-types-1.0-SNAPSHOT.jar
[INFO] Installing C:\Coding_Gallery\Intellij_IDEA_Workspace\big-marketing-wheel\big-marketing-wheel-types\pom.xml to C:\Softwares\Developer_Kits\apache-maven-3.8.8\repository\cn\myphoenix\big-marketing-wheel-types\1.0-SNAPSHOT\big-marketing-wheel-types-1.0-SNAPSHOT.pom
[INFO] ------------------------------------------------------------------------
[INFO] BUILD SUCCESS
[INFO] ------------------------------------------------------------------------
[INFO] Total time:  2.863 s
[INFO] Finished at: 2024-12-13T21:57:52+08:00
[INFO] ------------------------------------------------------------------------

(2) 构建 domain 模块

执行构建命令：

mvn install -pl :big-marketing-wheel-domain

构建结果如下：

(base) PS C:\...\big-marketing-wheel> mvn install -pl :big-marketing-wheel-domain
[INFO] Scanning for projects...
[INFO] 
[INFO] --------------< cn.myphoenix:big-marketing-wheel-domain >---------------
[INFO] Building big-marketing-wheel-domain 1.0-SNAPSHOT
[INFO]   from pom.xml
[INFO] --------------------------------[ jar ]---------------------------------
[INFO] 
[INFO] --- maven-resources-plugin:2.5:resources (default-resources) @ big-marketing-wheel-domain ---
[debug] execute contextualize
[INFO] Using 'UTF-8' encoding to copy filtered resources.
[INFO] skip non existing resourceDirectory C:\Coding_Gallery\Intellij_IDEA_Workspace\big-marketing-wheel\big-marketing-wheel-domain\src\main\resources
[INFO] skip non existing resourceDirectory C:\Coding_Gallery\Intellij_IDEA_Workspace\big-marketing-wheel\big-marketing-wheel-domain\src\main\resources
[INFO] 
[INFO] --- maven-compiler-plugin:3.0:compile (default-compile) @ big-marketing-wheel-domain ---
[INFO] Changes detected - recompiling the module!
[INFO] Compiling 12 source files to C:\Coding_Gallery\Intellij_IDEA_Workspace\big-marketing-wheel\big-marketing-wheel-domain\target\classes
[INFO] 
[INFO] --- maven-resources-plugin:2.5:testResources (default-testResources) @ big-marketing-wheel-domain ---
[debug] execute contextualize
[INFO] Using 'UTF-8' encoding to copy filtered resources.
[INFO] skip non existing resourceDirectory C:\Coding_Gallery\Intellij_IDEA_Workspace\big-marketing-wheel\big-marketing-wheel-domain\src\test\resources
[INFO]
[INFO] --- maven-compiler-plugin:3.0:testCompile (default-testCompile) @ big-marketing-wheel-domain ---
[INFO] No sources to compile
[INFO]
[INFO] --- maven-surefire-plugin:2.22.2:test (default-test) @ big-marketing-wheel-domain ---
[INFO] --- maven-surefire-plugin:2.22.2:test (default-test) @ big-marketing-wheel-domain ---
[INFO] No tests to run.
[INFO]
[INFO] --- maven-jar-plugin:3.2.2:jar (default-jar) @ big-marketing-wheel-domain ---
[INFO] Building jar: C:\Coding_Gallery\Intellij_IDEA_Workspace\big-marketing-wheel\big-marketing-wheel-domain\target\big-marketing-wheel-domain.jar
[INFO]
[INFO] --- maven-install-plugin:2.5.2:install (default-install) @ big-marketing-wheel-domain ---
[INFO] Installing C:\Coding_Gallery\Intellij_IDEA_Workspace\big-marketing-wheel\big-marketing-wheel-domain\target\big-marketing-wheel-domain.jar to C:\Softwares\Developer_Kits\apache-maven-3.8.8\repository\cn\myphoenix\big-marketing-wheel-domain\1.0-SNAPSHOT\big-marketing-wheel-domain-1.0-SNAPSHOT.jar
[INFO] Installing C:\Coding_Gallery\Intellij_IDEA_Workspace\big-marketing-wheel\big-marketing-wheel-domain\pom.xml to C:\Softwares\Developer_Kits\apache-maven-3.8.8\repository\cn\myphoenix\big-marketing-wheel-domain\1.0-SNAPSHOT\big-marketing-wheel-domain-1.0-SNAPSHOT.pom
[INFO] ------------------------------------------------------------------------
[INFO] BUILD SUCCESS
[INFO] ------------------------------------------------------------------------
[INFO] Total time:  2.766 s
[INFO] Finished at: 2024-12-13T22:02:21+08:00
[INFO] ------------------------------------------------------------------------

可以看到，只构建了 domain 模块，它的依赖项 infrastructure 和 trigger 都没有构建。

2、-am

等价于：--also-make

作用：同时构建当前模块 x 的依赖模块，也就是 x 依赖的模块也一同构建。

演示

在前面构建 domain 模块时，我们使用了 -pl 选项，发现只构建了 domain 模块，而其依赖的 infrastructure 和 trigger 都没有构建。

现在，我们使用 -am 选项就可以将 domain 的依赖项一同完成构建：

mvn install -pl :big-marketing-wheel-domain -am

构建过程如下：

(base) PS C:\...\big-marketing-wheel> mvn install -pl :big-marketing-wheel-domain -am
[INFO] Scanning for projects...
[INFO] ------------------------------------------------------------------------
[INFO] Reactor Build Order:
[INFO] 
[INFO] big-marketing-wheel                                                [pom]
[INFO] big-marketing-wheel-infrastructure                                 [jar]
[INFO] big-marketing-wheel-trigger                                        [jar]
[INFO] big-marketing-wheel-domain                                         [jar]
[INFO] 
[INFO] ------------------< cn.myphoenix:big-marketing-wheel >------------------
[INFO] Building big-marketing-wheel 1.0-SNAPSHOT                          [1/4]
[INFO]   from pom.xml
[INFO] --------------------------------[ pom ]---------------------------------
[INFO] 
[INFO] Installing C:\Coding_Gallery\Intellij_IDEA_Workspace\big-marketing-wheel\pom.xml to C:\Softwares\Developer_Kits\apache-maven-3.8.8\repository\cn\myphoenix\big-marketing-wheel\1.0-SNAPSHOT\big-marketing-wheel-1.0-SNAPSHOT.pom
[INFO]
[INFO] ----------< cn.myphoenix:big-marketing-wheel-infrastructure >-----------
[INFO] Building big-marketing-wheel-infrastructure 1.0-SNAPSHOT           [2/4]
[INFO]   from big-marketing-wheel-infrastructure\pom.xml
[INFO] --------------------------------[ jar ]---------------------------------
[INFO]
[INFO] --- maven-resources-plugin:2.5:resources (default-resources) @ big-marketing-wheel-infrastructure ---
[debug] execute contextualize
[INFO] Using 'UTF-8' encoding to copy filtered resources.
[INFO] skip non existing resourceDirectory C:\Coding_Gallery\Intellij_IDEA_Workspace\big-marketing-wheel\big-marketing-wheel-infrastructure\src\main\resources  
[INFO] skip non existing resourceDirectory C:\Coding_Gallery\Intellij_IDEA_Workspace\big-marketing-wheel\big-marketing-wheel-infrastructure\src\main\resources  
[INFO]
[INFO] --- maven-compiler-plugin:3.0:compile (default-compile) @ big-marketing-wheel-infrastructure ---
[INFO] Changes detected - recompiling the module!
[INFO] Compiling 7 source files to C:\Coding_Gallery\Intellij_IDEA_Workspace\big-marketing-wheel\big-marketing-wheel-infrastructure\target\classes
[INFO] 
[INFO] --- maven-resources-plugin:2.5:testResources (default-testResources) @ big-marketing-wheel-infrastructure ---
[debug] execute contextualize
[INFO] Using 'UTF-8' encoding to copy filtered resources.
[INFO] skip non existing resourceDirectory C:\Coding_Gallery\Intellij_IDEA_Workspace\big-marketing-wheel\big-marketing-wheel-infrastructure\src\test\resources  
[INFO]
[INFO] --- maven-compiler-plugin:3.0:testCompile (default-testCompile) @ big-marketing-wheel-infrastructure ---
[INFO] No sources to compile
[INFO]
[INFO] --- maven-surefire-plugin:2.22.2:test (default-test) @ big-marketing-wheel-infrastructure ---
[INFO] No tests to run.
[INFO]
[INFO] --- maven-jar-plugin:3.2.2:jar (default-jar) @ big-marketing-wheel-infrastructure ---
[INFO] Building jar: C:\Coding_Gallery\Intellij_IDEA_Workspace\big-marketing-wheel\big-marketing-wheel-infrastructure\target\big-marketing-wheel-infrastructure.jar
[INFO] 
[INFO] --- maven-install-plugin:2.5.2:install (default-install) @ big-marketing-wheel-infrastructure ---
[INFO] Installing C:\Coding_Gallery\Intellij_IDEA_Workspace\big-marketing-wheel\big-marketing-wheel-infrastructure\target\big-marketing-wheel-infrastructure.jarto C:\Softwares\Developer_Kits\apache-maven-3.8.8\repository\cn\myphoenix\big-marketing-wheel-infrastructure\1.0-SNAPSHOT\big-marketing-wheel-infrastructure-1.0-SNAPSHOT.jar
[INFO] Installing C:\Coding_Gallery\Intellij_IDEA_Workspace\big-marketing-wheel\big-marketing-wheel-infrastructure\pom.xml to C:\Softwares\Developer_Kits\apache-maven-3.8.8\repository\cn\myphoenix\big-marketing-wheel-infrastructure\1.0-SNAPSHOT\big-marketing-wheel-infrastructure-1.0-SNAPSHOT.pom
[INFO]
[INFO] --------------< cn.myphoenix:big-marketing-wheel-trigger >--------------
[INFO] Building big-marketing-wheel-trigger 1.0-SNAPSHOT                  [3/4]
[INFO]   from big-marketing-wheel-trigger\pom.xml
[INFO] --------------------------------[ jar ]---------------------------------
[INFO] 
[INFO] --- maven-resources-plugin:2.5:resources (default-resources) @ big-marketing-wheel-trigger ---
[debug] execute contextualize
[INFO] Using 'UTF-8' encoding to copy filtered resources.
[INFO] skip non existing resourceDirectory C:\Coding_Gallery\Intellij_IDEA_Workspace\big-marketing-wheel\big-marketing-wheel-trigger\src\main\resources
[INFO] skip non existing resourceDirectory C:\Coding_Gallery\Intellij_IDEA_Workspace\big-marketing-wheel\big-marketing-wheel-trigger\src\main\resources
[INFO]
[INFO] --- maven-compiler-plugin:3.0:compile (default-compile) @ big-marketing-wheel-trigger ---
[INFO] Changes detected - recompiling the module!
[INFO] Compiling 3 source files to C:\Coding_Gallery\Intellij_IDEA_Workspace\big-marketing-wheel\big-marketing-wheel-trigger\target\classes
[INFO] 
[INFO] --- maven-resources-plugin:2.5:testResources (default-testResources) @ big-marketing-wheel-trigger ---
[debug] execute contextualize
[INFO] Using 'UTF-8' encoding to copy filtered resources.
[INFO] skip non existing resourceDirectory C:\Coding_Gallery\Intellij_IDEA_Workspace\big-marketing-wheel\big-marketing-wheel-trigger\src\test\resources
[INFO]
[INFO] --- maven-compiler-plugin:3.0:testCompile (default-testCompile) @ big-marketing-wheel-trigger ---
[INFO] No sources to compile
[INFO]
[INFO] --- maven-surefire-plugin:2.22.2:test (default-test) @ big-marketing-wheel-trigger ---
[INFO] No tests to run.
[INFO]
[INFO] --- maven-jar-plugin:3.2.2:jar (default-jar) @ big-marketing-wheel-trigger ---
[INFO] Building jar: C:\Coding_Gallery\Intellij_IDEA_Workspace\big-marketing-wheel\big-marketing-wheel-trigger\target\big-marketing-wheel-trigger.jar
[INFO] 
[INFO] --- maven-install-plugin:2.5.2:install (default-install) @ big-marketing-wheel-trigger ---
[INFO] Installing C:\Coding_Gallery\Intellij_IDEA_Workspace\big-marketing-wheel\big-marketing-wheel-trigger\target\big-marketing-wheel-trigger.jar to C:\Softwares\Developer_Kits\apache-maven-3.8.8\repository\cn\myphoenix\big-marketing-wheel-trigger\1.0-SNAPSHOT\big-marketing-wheel-trigger-1.0-SNAPSHOT.jar
[INFO] Installing C:\Coding_Gallery\Intellij_IDEA_Workspace\big-marketing-wheel\big-marketing-wheel-trigger\pom.xml to C:\Softwares\Developer_Kits\apache-maven-3.8.8\repository\cn\myphoenix\big-marketing-wheel-trigger\1.0-SNAPSHOT\big-marketing-wheel-trigger-1.0-SNAPSHOT.pom
[INFO]
[INFO] --------------< cn.myphoenix:big-marketing-wheel-domain >---------------
[INFO] Building big-marketing-wheel-domain 1.0-SNAPSHOT                   [4/4]
[INFO]   from big-marketing-wheel-domain\pom.xml
[INFO] --------------------------------[ jar ]---------------------------------
[INFO] 
[INFO] --- maven-resources-plugin:2.5:resources (default-resources) @ big-marketing-wheel-domain ---
[debug] execute contextualize
[INFO] Using 'UTF-8' encoding to copy filtered resources.
[INFO] skip non existing resourceDirectory C:\Coding_Gallery\Intellij_IDEA_Workspace\big-marketing-wheel\big-marketing-wheel-domain\src\main\resources
[INFO] skip non existing resourceDirectory C:\Coding_Gallery\Intellij_IDEA_Workspace\big-marketing-wheel\big-marketing-wheel-domain\src\main\resources
[INFO]
[INFO] --- maven-compiler-plugin:3.0:compile (default-compile) @ big-marketing-wheel-domain ---
[INFO] Changes detected - recompiling the module!
[INFO] Compiling 12 source files to C:\Coding_Gallery\Intellij_IDEA_Workspace\big-marketing-wheel\big-marketing-wheel-domain\target\classes
[INFO] 
[INFO] --- maven-resources-plugin:2.5:testResources (default-testResources) @ big-marketing-wheel-domain ---
[debug] execute contextualize
[INFO] Using 'UTF-8' encoding to copy filtered resources.
[INFO] skip non existing resourceDirectory C:\Coding_Gallery\Intellij_IDEA_Workspace\big-marketing-wheel\big-marketing-wheel-domain\src\test\resources
[INFO]
[INFO] --- maven-compiler-plugin:3.0:testCompile (default-testCompile) @ big-marketing-wheel-domain ---
[INFO] No sources to compile
[INFO]
[INFO] --- maven-surefire-plugin:2.22.2:test (default-test) @ big-marketing-wheel-domain ---
[INFO] No tests to run.
[INFO]
[INFO] --- maven-jar-plugin:3.2.2:jar (default-jar) @ big-marketing-wheel-domain ---
[INFO] 
[INFO] --- maven-install-plugin:2.5.2:install (default-install) @ big-marketing-wheel-domain ---
[INFO] Installing C:\Coding_Gallery\Intellij_IDEA_Workspace\big-marketing-wheel\big-marketing-wheel-domain\target\big-marketing-wheel-domain.jar to C:\Softwares\Developer_Kits\apache-maven-3.8.8\repository\cn\myphoenix\big-marketing-wheel-domain\1.0-SNAPSHOT\big-marketing-wheel-domain-1.0-SNAPSHOT.jar
[INFO] Installing C:\Coding_Gallery\Intellij_IDEA_Workspace\big-marketing-wheel\big-marketing-wheel-domain\pom.xml to C:\Softwares\Developer_Kits\apache-maven-3.8.8\repository\cn\myphoenix\big-marketing-wheel-domain\1.0-SNAPSHOT\big-marketing-wheel-domain-1.0-SNAPSHOT.pom
[INFO] ------------------------------------------------------------------------
[INFO] Reactor Summary for big-marketing-wheel 1.0-SNAPSHOT:
[INFO]
[INFO] big-marketing-wheel ................................ SUCCESS [  0.169 s]
[INFO] big-marketing-wheel-infrastructure ................. SUCCESS [  2.357 s]
[INFO] big-marketing-wheel-trigger ........................ SUCCESS [  0.208 s]
[INFO] big-marketing-wheel-domain ......................... SUCCESS [  1.029 s]
[INFO] ------------------------------------------------------------------------
[INFO] BUILD SUCCESS
[INFO] ------------------------------------------------------------------------
[INFO] Total time:  3.997 s
[INFO] Finished at: 2024-12-13T22:15:01+08:00
[INFO] ------------------------------------------------------------------------

可以看到，不仅构建了 domain 模块，该模块的依赖项 infrastructure 和 trigger 也一同完成了构建。

3、-amd

  • 等价于：--also-make-dependents
  • 作用：同时构建依赖于当前模块 x 的其他模块，就是哪些模块依赖了 x 模块，也一同构建
演示

使用此选项可以实现场景中提到的需求，即构建 types 模块，可以将 api 和 app 一同构建，而且不需要重新构建整个项目。

mvn install -pl :big-marketing-wheel-types -amd

构建过程如下：

(base) PS C:\...\big-marketing-wheel> mvn install -pl :big-marketing-wheel-types -amd
[INFO] Scanning for projects...
[INFO] ------------------------------------------------------------------------
[INFO] Reactor Build Order:
[INFO] 
[INFO] big-marketing-wheel-types                                          [jar]
[INFO] big-marketing-wheel-api                                            [jar]
[INFO] big-marketing-wheel-app                                            [jar]
[INFO]
[INFO]
[INFO] --- maven-compiler-plugin:3.0:compile (default-compile) @ big-marketing-wheel-types ---
[INFO] Changes detected - recompiling the module!
[INFO] Compiling 3 source files to C:\Coding_Gallery\Intellij_IDEA_Workspace\big-marketing-wheel\big-marketing-wheel-types\target\classes
[INFO] 
[INFO] --- maven-resources-plugin:2.5:testResources (default-testResources) @ big-marketing-wheel-types ---
[debug] execute contextualize
[INFO] Using 'UTF-8' encoding to copy filtered resources.
[INFO] skip non existing resourceDirectory C:\Coding_Gallery\Intellij_IDEA_Workspace\big-marketing-wheel\big-marketing-wheel-types\src\test\resources
[INFO] 
[INFO] --- maven-compiler-plugin:3.0:testCompile (default-testCompile) @ big-marketing-wheel-types ---
[INFO] No sources to compile
[INFO] 
[INFO] --- maven-surefire-plugin:2.22.2:test (default-test) @ big-marketing-wheel-types ---
[INFO] No tests to run.
[INFO] 
[INFO] --- maven-jar-plugin:3.2.2:jar (default-jar) @ big-marketing-wheel-types ---
[INFO] Building jar: C:\Coding_Gallery\Intellij_IDEA_Workspace\big-marketing-wheel\big-marketing-wheel-types\target\big-marketing-wheel-types.jar
[INFO] 
[INFO] --- maven-install-plugin:2.5.2:install (default-install) @ big-marketing-wheel-types ---
[INFO] Installing C:\Coding_Gallery\Intellij_IDEA_Workspace\big-marketing-wheel\big-marketing-wheel-types\target\big-marketing-wheel-types.jar to C:\Softwares\Developer_Kits\apache-maven-3.8.8\repository\cn\myphoenix\big-marketing-wheel-types\1.0-SNAPSHOT\big-marketing-wheel-types-1.0-SNAPSHOT.jar
[INFO] Installing C:\Coding_Gallery\Intellij_IDEA_Workspace\big-marketing-wheel\big-marketing-wheel-types\pom.xml to C:\Softwares\Developer_Kits\apache-maven-3.8.8\repository\cn\myphoenix\big-marketing-wheel-types\1.0-SNAPSHOT\big-marketing-wheel-types-1.0-SNAPSHOT.pom
[INFO] 
[INFO] ----------------< cn.myphoenix:big-marketing-wheel-api >----------------
[INFO] Building big-marketing-wheel-api 1.0-SNAPSHOT                      [2/3]
[INFO]   from ..\big-marketing-wheel-api\pom.xml
[INFO] --------------------------------[ jar ]---------------------------------
[INFO] 
[INFO] --- maven-resources-plugin:2.5:resources (default-resources) @ big-marketing-wheel-api ---
[debug] execute contextualize
[INFO] Using 'UTF-8' encoding to copy filtered resources.
[INFO] skip non existing resourceDirectory C:\Coding_Gallery\Intellij_IDEA_Workspace\big-marketing-wheel\big-marketing-wheel-api\src\main\resources
[INFO] skip non existing resourceDirectory C:\Coding_Gallery\Intellij_IDEA_Workspace\big-marketing-wheel\big-marketing-wheel-api\src\main\resources
[INFO]
[INFO] --- maven-compiler-plugin:3.0:compile (default-compile) @ big-marketing-wheel-api ---
[INFO] Changes detected - recompiling the module!
[INFO] Compiling 3 source files to C:\Coding_Gallery\Intellij_IDEA_Workspace\big-marketing-wheel\big-marketing-wheel-api\target\classes
[INFO] 
[INFO] --- maven-resources-plugin:2.5:testResources (default-testResources) @ big-marketing-wheel-api ---
[debug] execute contextualize
[INFO] Using 'UTF-8' encoding to copy filtered resources.
[INFO] skip non existing resourceDirectory C:\Coding_Gallery\Intellij_IDEA_Workspace\big-marketing-wheel\big-marketing-wheel-api\src\test\resources
[INFO]
[INFO] --- maven-compiler-plugin:3.0:testCompile (default-testCompile) @ big-marketing-wheel-api ---
[INFO] No sources to compile
[INFO]
[INFO] --- maven-surefire-plugin:2.22.2:test (default-test) @ big-marketing-wheel-api ---
[INFO] No tests to run.
[INFO]
[INFO] --- maven-jar-plugin:3.2.2:jar (default-jar) @ big-marketing-wheel-api ---
[INFO] Building jar: C:\Coding_Gallery\Intellij_IDEA_Workspace\big-marketing-wheel\big-marketing-wheel-api\target\big-marketing-wheel-api-1.0-SNAPSHOT.jar
[INFO] 
[INFO] --- maven-install-plugin:2.5.2:install (default-install) @ big-marketing-wheel-api ---
[INFO] Installing C:\Coding_Gallery\Intellij_IDEA_Workspace\big-marketing-wheel\big-marketing-wheel-api\target\big-marketing-wheel-api-1.0-SNAPSHOT.jar to C:\Softwares\Developer_Kits\apache-maven-3.8.8\repository\cn\myphoenix\big-marketing-wheel-api\1.0-SNAPSHOT\big-marketing-wheel-api-1.0-SNAPSHOT.jar
[INFO] Installing C:\Coding_Gallery\Intellij_IDEA_Workspace\big-marketing-wheel\big-marketing-wheel-api\pom.xml to C:\Softwares\Developer_Kits\apache-maven-3.8.8\repository\cn\myphoenix\big-marketing-wheel-api\1.0-SNAPSHOT\big-marketing-wheel-api-1.0-SNAPSHOT.pom
[INFO]
[INFO] ----------------< cn.myphoenix:big-marketing-wheel-app >----------------
[INFO] Building big-marketing-wheel-app 1.0-SNAPSHOT                      [3/3]
[INFO]   from ..\big-marketing-wheel-app\pom.xml
[INFO] --------------------------------[ jar ]---------------------------------
[INFO] 
[INFO] --- maven-resources-plugin:2.5:resources (default-resources) @ big-marketing-wheel-app ---
[debug] execute contextualize
[INFO] Using 'UTF-8' encoding to copy filtered resources.
[INFO] Copying 7 resources
[INFO] 
[INFO] --- maven-compiler-plugin:3.0:compile (default-compile) @ big-marketing-wheel-app ---
[INFO] Changes detected - recompiling the module!
[INFO] Compiling 6 source files to C:\Coding_Gallery\Intellij_IDEA_Workspace\big-marketing-wheel\big-marketing-wheel-app\target\classes
[INFO] 
[INFO] --- maven-resources-plugin:2.5:testResources (default-testResources) @ big-marketing-wheel-app ---
[debug] execute contextualize
[INFO] Using 'UTF-8' encoding to copy filtered resources.
[INFO] skip non existing resourceDirectory C:\Coding_Gallery\Intellij_IDEA_Workspace\big-marketing-wheel\big-marketing-wheel-app\src\test\resources
[INFO]
[INFO] --- maven-compiler-plugin:3.0:testCompile (default-testCompile) @ big-marketing-wheel-app ---
[INFO] Changes detected - recompiling the module!
[INFO] Compiling 1 source file to C:\Coding_Gallery\Intellij_IDEA_Workspace\big-marketing-wheel\big-marketing-wheel-app\target\test-classes
[INFO] 
[INFO] --- maven-surefire-plugin:2.6:test (default-test) @ big-marketing-wheel-app ---
[INFO] Tests are skipped.
[INFO]
[INFO] --- maven-jar-plugin:3.2.2:jar (default-jar) @ big-marketing-wheel-app ---
[INFO] Building jar: C:\Coding_Gallery\Intellij_IDEA_Workspace\big-marketing-wheel\big-marketing-wheel-app\target\big-marketing-wheel-app.jar
[INFO] 
[INFO] --- spring-boot-maven-plugin:2.7.12:repackage (repackage) @ big-marketing-wheel-app ---
[INFO] Layout: JAR
[INFO] Replacing main artifact with repackaged archive
[INFO]
[INFO] --- maven-install-plugin:2.5.2:install (default-install) @ big-marketing-wheel-app ---
[INFO] Installing C:\Coding_Gallery\Intellij_IDEA_Workspace\big-marketing-wheel\big-marketing-wheel-app\target\big-marketing-wheel-app.jar to C:\Softwares\Developer_Kits\apache-maven-3.8.8\repository\cn\myphoenix\big-marketing-wheel-app\1.0-SNAPSHOT\big-marketing-wheel-app-1.0-SNAPSHOT.jar
[INFO] Installing C:\Coding_Gallery\Intellij_IDEA_Workspace\big-marketing-wheel\big-marketing-wheel-app\pom.xml to C:\Softwares\Developer_Kits\apache-maven-3.8.8\repository\cn\myphoenix\big-marketing-wheel-app\1.0-SNAPSHOT\big-marketing-wheel-app-1.0-SNAPSHOT.pom
[INFO] ------------------------------------------------------------------------
[INFO] Reactor Summary for big-marketing-wheel-types 1.0-SNAPSHOT:
[INFO]
[INFO] big-marketing-wheel-types .......................... SUCCESS [  2.766 s]
[INFO] big-marketing-wheel-api ............................ SUCCESS [  1.059 s]
[INFO] big-marketing-wheel-app ............................ SUCCESS [  3.719 s]
[INFO] ------------------------------------------------------------------------
[INFO] BUILD SUCCESS
[INFO] ------------------------------------------------------------------------
[INFO] Total time:  7.766 s
[INFO] Finished at: 2024-12-13T22:20:44+08:00
[INFO] ------------------------------------------------------------------------

可以看到，在构建 types 模块时，依赖 types 模块的 api 和 app 也完成了构建。

4、-rf

  • 等价于：--resume-from <arg>
  • 作用：跳过所有在此之前已经成功构建的模块，并从指定的模块开始继续构建。
演示

在"需求一：构建整个项目"一节中，模块的构建顺序如下所示：

[INFO] big-marketing-wheel                                                [pom]
[INFO] big-marketing-wheel-types                                          [jar]
[INFO] big-marketing-wheel-api                                            [jar]
[INFO] big-marketing-wheel-app                                            [jar]
[INFO] big-marketing-wheel-infrastructure                                 [jar]
[INFO] big-marketing-wheel-trigger                                        [jar]
[INFO] big-marketing-wheel-domain                                         [jar]

加入在构建 infrastructure 模块时失败了，现在我们想从 infrastructure 继续构建，而不是从头开始构建，有什么办法吗？

可以使用 -rf 选项，从指定模块开始构建：

mvn install -rf :big-marketing-wheel-infrastructure

构建过程如下：

(base) PS C:\...\big-marketing-wheel> mvn install -rf :big-marketing-wheel-infrastructure
[INFO] Scanning for projects...
[INFO] ------------------------------------------------------------------------
[INFO] Reactor Build Order:
[INFO] 
[INFO] big-marketing-wheel-infrastructure                                 [jar]
[INFO] big-marketing-wheel-trigger                                        [jar]
[INFO] big-marketing-wheel-domain                                         [jar]
[INFO] 
[INFO] ----------< cn.myphoenix:big-marketing-wheel-infrastructure >-----------
[INFO] Building big-marketing-wheel-infrastructure 1.0-SNAPSHOT           [1/3]
[INFO]   from pom.xml
[INFO] --------------------------------[ jar ]---------------------------------
[INFO] 
[INFO] --- maven-resources-plugin:2.5:resources (default-resources) @ big-marketing-wheel-infrastructure ---
[debug] execute contextualize
[INFO] Using 'UTF-8' encoding to copy filtered resources.
[INFO] skip non existing resourceDirectory C:\Coding_Gallery\Intellij_IDEA_Workspace\big-marketing-wheel\big-marketing-wheel-infrastructure\src\main\resources
[INFO] skip non existing resourceDirectory C:\Coding_Gallery\Intellij_IDEA_Workspace\big-marketing-wheel\big-marketing-wheel-infrastructure\src\main\resources
[INFO] 
[INFO] --- maven-compiler-plugin:3.0:compile (default-compile) @ big-marketing-wheel-infrastructure ---
[INFO] Changes detected - recompiling the module!
[INFO] Compiling 7 source files to C:\Coding_Gallery\Intellij_IDEA_Workspace\big-marketing-wheel\big-marketing-wheel-infrastructure\target\classes
[INFO] 
[INFO] --- maven-resources-plugin:2.5:testResources (default-testResources) @ big-marketing-wheel-infrastructure ---
[debug] execute contextualize
[INFO] Using 'UTF-8' encoding to copy filtered resources.
[INFO] skip non existing resourceDirectory C:\Coding_Gallery\Intellij_IDEA_Workspace\big-marketing-wheel\big-marketing-wheel-infrastructure\src\test\resources
[INFO]
[INFO] --- maven-compiler-plugin:3.0:testCompile (default-testCompile) @ big-marketing-wheel-infrastructure ---
[INFO] No sources to compile
[INFO]
[INFO] --- maven-surefire-plugin:2.22.2:test (default-test) @ big-marketing-wheel-infrastructure ---
[INFO] No tests to run.
[INFO]
[INFO] --- maven-jar-plugin:3.2.2:jar (default-jar) @ big-marketing-wheel-infrastructure ---
[INFO] 
[INFO] --- maven-install-plugin:2.5.2:install (default-install) @ big-marketing-wheel-infrastructure ---
[INFO] Installing C:\Coding_Gallery\Intellij_IDEA_Workspace\big-marketing-wheel\big-marketing-wheel-infrastructure\target\big-marketing-wheel-infrastructure.jar to C:\Softwares\Developer_Kits\apache-maven-3.8.8\repository\cn\myphoenix\big-marketing-wheel-infrastructure\1.0-SNAPSHOT\big-marketing-wheel-infrastructure-1.0-SNAPSHOT.jar
[INFO] Installing C:\Coding_Gallery\Intellij_IDEA_Workspace\big-marketing-wheel\big-marketing-wheel-infrastructure\pom.xml to C:\Softwares\Developer_Kits\apache-maven-3.8.8\repository\cn\myphoenix\big-marketing-wheel-infrastructure\1.0-SNAPSHOT\big-marketing-wheel-infrastructure-1.0-SNAPSHOT.pom
[INFO]
[INFO] --------------< cn.myphoenix:big-marketing-wheel-trigger >--------------
[INFO] Building big-marketing-wheel-trigger 1.0-SNAPSHOT                  [2/3]
[INFO]   from ..\big-marketing-wheel-trigger\pom.xml
[INFO] --------------------------------[ jar ]---------------------------------
[INFO] 
[INFO] --- maven-resources-plugin:2.5:resources (default-resources) @ big-marketing-wheel-trigger ---
[debug] execute contextualize
[INFO] Using 'UTF-8' encoding to copy filtered resources.
[INFO] skip non existing resourceDirectory C:\Coding_Gallery\Intellij_IDEA_Workspace\big-marketing-wheel\big-marketing-wheel-trigger\src\main\resources
[INFO] skip non existing resourceDirectory C:\Coding_Gallery\Intellij_IDEA_Workspace\big-marketing-wheel\big-marketing-wheel-trigger\src\main\resources
[INFO]
[INFO] --- maven-compiler-plugin:3.0:compile (default-compile) @ big-marketing-wheel-trigger ---
[INFO] Changes detected - recompiling the module!
[INFO] Compiling 3 source files to C:\Coding_Gallery\Intellij_IDEA_Workspace\big-marketing-wheel\big-marketing-wheel-trigger\target\classes
[INFO] 
[INFO] --- maven-resources-plugin:2.5:testResources (default-testResources) @ big-marketing-wheel-trigger ---
[debug] execute contextualize
[INFO] Using 'UTF-8' encoding to copy filtered resources.
[INFO] skip non existing resourceDirectory C:\Coding_Gallery\Intellij_IDEA_Workspace\big-marketing-wheel\big-marketing-wheel-trigger\src\test\resources
[INFO]
[INFO] --- maven-compiler-plugin:3.0:testCompile (default-testCompile) @ big-marketing-wheel-trigger ---
[INFO] No sources to compile
[INFO]
[INFO] --- maven-surefire-plugin:2.22.2:test (default-test) @ big-marketing-wheel-trigger ---
[INFO] No tests to run.
[INFO]
[INFO] --- maven-jar-plugin:3.2.2:jar (default-jar) @ big-marketing-wheel-trigger ---
[INFO]
[INFO] --- maven-install-plugin:2.5.2:install (default-install) @ big-marketing-wheel-trigger ---
[INFO] Installing C:\Coding_Gallery\Intellij_IDEA_Workspace\big-marketing-wheel\big-marketing-wheel-trigger\target\big-marketing-wheel-trigger.jar to C:\Softwares\Developer_Kits\apache-maven-3.8.8\repository\cn\myphoenix\big-marketing-wheel-trigger\1.0-SNAPSHOT\big-marketing-wheel-trigger-1.0-SNAPSHOT.jar
[INFO] Installing C:\Coding_Gallery\Intellij_IDEA_Workspace\big-marketing-wheel\big-marketing-wheel-trigger\pom.xml to C:\Softwares\Developer_Kits\apache-maven-3.8.8\repository\cn\myphoenix\big-marketing-wheel-trigger\1.0-SNAPSHOT\big-marketing-wheel-trigger-1.0-SNAPSHOT.pom
[INFO] 
[INFO] --------------< cn.myphoenix:big-marketing-wheel-domain >---------------
[INFO] Building big-marketing-wheel-domain 1.0-SNAPSHOT                   [3/3]
[INFO]   from ..\big-marketing-wheel-domain\pom.xml
[INFO] --------------------------------[ jar ]---------------------------------
[INFO] 
[INFO] --- maven-resources-plugin:2.5:resources (default-resources) @ big-marketing-wheel-domain ---
[debug] execute contextualize
[INFO] Using 'UTF-8' encoding to copy filtered resources.
[INFO] skip non existing resourceDirectory C:\Coding_Gallery\Intellij_IDEA_Workspace\big-marketing-wheel\big-marketing-wheel-domain\src\main\resources
[INFO] skip non existing resourceDirectory C:\Coding_Gallery\Intellij_IDEA_Workspace\big-marketing-wheel\big-marketing-wheel-domain\src\main\resources
[INFO]
[INFO] --- maven-compiler-plugin:3.0:compile (default-compile) @ big-marketing-wheel-domain ---
[INFO] Changes detected - recompiling the module!
[INFO] Compiling 12 source files to C:\Coding_Gallery\Intellij_IDEA_Workspace\big-marketing-wheel\big-marketing-wheel-domain\target\classes
[INFO] 
[INFO] --- maven-resources-plugin:2.5:testResources (default-testResources) @ big-marketing-wheel-domain ---
[debug] execute contextualize
[INFO] Using 'UTF-8' encoding to copy filtered resources.
[INFO] skip non existing resourceDirectory C:\Coding_Gallery\Intellij_IDEA_Workspace\big-marketing-wheel\big-marketing-wheel-domain\src\test\resources
[INFO]
[INFO] --- maven-compiler-plugin:3.0:testCompile (default-testCompile) @ big-marketing-wheel-domain ---
[INFO] No sources to compile
[INFO]
[INFO] --- maven-surefire-plugin:2.22.2:test (default-test) @ big-marketing-wheel-domain ---
[INFO] No tests to run.
[INFO]
[INFO] --- maven-jar-plugin:3.2.2:jar (default-jar) @ big-marketing-wheel-domain ---
[INFO]
[INFO] --- maven-install-plugin:2.5.2:install (default-install) @ big-marketing-wheel-domain ---
[INFO] Installing C:\Coding_Gallery\Intellij_IDEA_Workspace\big-marketing-wheel\big-marketing-wheel-domain\target\big-marketing-wheel-domain.jar to C:\Softwares\Developer_Kits\apache-maven-3.8.8\repository\cn\myphoenix\big-marketing-wheel-domain\1.0-SNAPSHOT\big-marketing-wheel-domain-1.0-SNAPSHOT.jar
[INFO] Installing C:\Coding_Gallery\Intellij_IDEA_Workspace\big-marketing-wheel\big-marketing-wheel-domain\pom.xml to C:\Softwares\Developer_Kits\apache-maven-3.8.8\repository\cn\myphoenix\big-marketing-wheel-domain\1.0-SNAPSHOT\big-marketing-wheel-domain-1.0-SNAPSHOT.pom
[INFO] ------------------------------------------------------------------------
[INFO] Reactor Summary for big-marketing-wheel-infrastructure 1.0-SNAPSHOT:
[INFO]
[INFO] big-marketing-wheel-infrastructure ................. SUCCESS [  2.218 s]
[INFO] big-marketing-wheel-trigger ........................ SUCCESS [  0.177 s]
[INFO] big-marketing-wheel-domain ......................... SUCCESS [  0.947 s]
[INFO] ------------------------------------------------------------------------
[INFO] BUILD SUCCESS
[INFO] ------------------------------------------------------------------------
[INFO] Total time:  3.574 s
[INFO] Finished at: 2024-12-14T10:17:49+08:00
[INFO] ------------------------------------------------------------------------

可以看到，确实是从 infrastructure 模块开始构建的。

附：需要指出的是，在"构建某个子模块"一节中，笔者举得例子都是执行 install。但在"项目构建"一节中，构建指的是从清理到部署的整个流程，也就是整个生命周期。由于 install 也是生成了 jar 包，所以也就当做构建了。

思考 1

使用 -rf 指定开始恢复的模块后，就一定会从此模块开始构建吗？

1、将安装到本地 Maven 仓库的三个文件夹删除：

请添加图片描述
2、执行命令

mvn install -rf :big-marketing-wheel-domain

构建过程如下：

(base) PS C:\Coding_Gallery\Intellij_IDEA_Workspace\big-marketing-wheel> mvn install -rf big-marketing-wheel-domain
[INFO] Scanning for projects...
[INFO] 
[INFO] --------------< cn.myphoenix:big-marketing-wheel-domain >---------------
[INFO] Building big-marketing-wheel-domain 1.0-SNAPSHOT
[INFO]   from pom.xml
[INFO] --------------------------------[ jar ]---------------------------------
[WARNING] The POM for cn.myphoenix:big-marketing-wheel-infrastructure:jar:1.0-SNAPSHOT is missing, no dependency information available
[WARNING] The POM for cn.myphoenix:big-marketing-wheel-trigger:jar:1.0-SNAPSHOT is missing, no dependency information available
[INFO] ------------------------------------------------------------------------
[INFO] BUILD FAILURE
[INFO] ------------------------------------------------------------------------
[INFO] Total time:  0.410 s
[INFO] Finished at: 2024-12-14T10:38:59+08:00
[INFO] ------------------------------------------------------------------------
[ERROR] Failed to execute goal on project big-marketing-wheel-domain: 
Could not resolve dependencies for project cn.myphoenix:big-marketing-wheel-domain:jar:1.0-SNAPSHOT: 
The following artifacts could not be resolved: cn.myphoenix:big-marketing-wheel-infrastructure:jar:1.0-SNAPSHOT, 
cn.myphoenix:big-marketing-wheel-trigger:jar:1.0-SNAPSHOT: Could not find artifact cn.myphoenix:big-marketing-wheel-infrastructure:jar:1.0-SNAPSHOT -> [Help 1]
[ERROR]
[ERROR] To see the full stack trace of the errors, re-run Maven with the -e switch.
[ERROR] Re-run Maven using the -X switch to enable full debug logging.
[ERROR]
[ERROR] For more information about the errors and possible solutions, please read the following articles:
[ERROR] [Help 1] http://cwiki.apache.org/confluence/display/MAVEN/DependencyResolutionException

可以看到发生了错误，错误原因是 domain 依赖 infrastructure 和 trigger，而本地 Maven 仓库的 infrastructure 和 trigger 已经被删除了，domain 找不到，所以报错。

因此，-rf 确实是从指定模块 x 开始构建的。如果模块 x 的所有依赖项都已经构建成功，则模块 x 构建成功；否则，模块 x 构建失败。

一般情况下，我们使用 -rf 的目的是从指定模块开始构建，默认指定模块 x 依赖的模块已经构建成功。

思考 2

另外，我又想到了一个问题，如果模块 m 上一次构建成功，假设为打包操作。紧接着：

  • 情况 1：再次执行打包操作
  • 情况 2：修改了模块 a 的内容，然后再次打包

Maven 会如何处理这两种情况？

准备工作：

在 types 模块中进行实验，types 模块的结构如下所示：

请添加图片描述
实验步骤：

1、创建 3 个类

  • BasketballSports：用于演示文件内增加代码
  • FootballSports：用于演示文件内减少代码
  • TennisSports：用于演示删除整个文件。

2、只打包 types 模块

mvn package -pl big-marketing-wheel-types

3、修改类文件

  • 在 BasketballSports#playBasketball 内添加代码
  • 在 FootballSports#playFootball 内删减代码
  • 删除 TennisSports
  • 增加 VolleyballSports 类

4、再次打包 types 模块

mvn package -pl big-marketing-wheel-types

结果如下图所示，可以看到，Maven 进行了重新遍历，并重新打包。说明了情况 2。

请添加图片描述
另外， 也可以从命令行的日志观察：

(base) PS C:\...\big-marketing-wheel> mvn package -pl big-marketing-wheel-types
[INFO] Scanning for projects...
[INFO] 
[INFO] ---------------< cn.myphoenix:big-marketing-wheel-types >---------------
[INFO] Building big-marketing-wheel-types 1.0-SNAPSHOT
[INFO]   from pom.xml
[INFO] --------------------------------[ jar ]---------------------------------
[INFO] 
[INFO] --- maven-resources-plugin:2.5:resources (default-resources) @ big-marketing-wheel-types ---
[debug] execute contextualize
[INFO] Using 'UTF-8' encoding to copy filtered resources.
[INFO] Copying 0 resource
[INFO] Copying 0 resource
[INFO]
[INFO] --- maven-compiler-plugin:3.0:compile (default-compile) @ big-marketing-wheel-types ---
[INFO] Changes detected - recompiling the module!
[INFO] Compiling 3 source files to C:\Coding_Gallery\Intellij_IDEA_Workspace\big-marketing-wheel\big-marketing-wheel-types\target\classes
[INFO] 
[INFO] --- maven-resources-plugin:2.5:testResources (default-testResources) @ big-marketing-wheel-types ---
[debug] execute contextualize
[INFO] Using 'UTF-8' encoding to copy filtered resources.
[INFO] Copying 0 resource
[INFO]
[INFO] --- maven-compiler-plugin:3.0:testCompile (default-testCompile) @ big-marketing-wheel-types ---
[INFO] Changes detected - recompiling the module!
[INFO] 
[INFO] --- maven-surefire-plugin:2.22.2:test (default-test) @ big-marketing-wheel-types ---
[INFO] 
[INFO] --- maven-jar-plugin:3.2.2:jar (default-jar) @ big-marketing-wheel-types ---
[INFO] Building jar: C:\Coding_Gallery\Intellij_IDEA_Workspace\big-marketing-wheel\big-marketing-wheel-types\target\big-marketing-wheel-types.jar
[INFO] ------------------------------------------------------------------------
[INFO] BUILD SUCCESS
[INFO] --------------------------------[ jar ]---------------------------------
[INFO]
[INFO] --- maven-resources-plugin:2.5:resources (default-resources) @ big-marketing-wheel-types ---
[debug] execute contextualize
[INFO] Using 'UTF-8' encoding to copy filtered resources.
[INFO] Copying 0 resource
[INFO] Copying 0 resource
[INFO]
[INFO] --- maven-compiler-plugin:3.0:compile (default-compile) @ big-marketing-wheel-types ---
[INFO] Changes detected - recompiling the module!
[INFO] Compiling 3 source files to C:\Coding_Gallery\Intellij_IDEA_Workspace\big-marketing-wheel\big-marketing-wheel-types\target\classes
[INFO] 
[INFO] --- maven-resources-plugin:2.5:testResources (default-testResources) @ big-marketing-wheel-types ---
[debug] execute contextualize
[INFO] Using 'UTF-8' encoding to copy filtered resources.
[INFO] Copying 0 resource
[INFO] 
[INFO] --- maven-compiler-plugin:3.0:testCompile (default-testCompile) @ big-marketing-wheel-types ---
[INFO] Changes detected - recompiling the module!
[INFO] 
[INFO] --- maven-surefire-plugin:2.22.2:test (default-test) @ big-marketing-wheel-types ---
[INFO] 
[INFO] --- maven-jar-plugin:3.2.2:jar (default-jar) @ big-marketing-wheel-types ---
[INFO] Building jar: C:\Coding_Gallery\Intellij_IDEA_Workspace\big-marketing-wheel\big-marketing-wheel-types\target\big-marketing-wheel-types.jar
[INFO] ------------------------------------------------------------------------
[INFO] BUILD SUCCESS
[INFO] ------------------------------------------------------------------------
[INFO] Total time:  2.750 s
[INFO] Finished at: 2024-12-14T15:15:20+08:00
[INFO] ------------------------------------------------------------------------

由标绿部分可以看到，compiler 插件检测到了代码发生了改变，重新进行了编译；即使没有执行 clean 操作，jar 插件依旧重新进行了打包操作。

5、不做任何更改，再次打包 types 模块

mvn package -pl big-marketing-wheel-types

结果如下：

(base) PS C:\...\big-marketing-wheel> mvn package -pl big-marketing-wheel-types
[INFO] Scanning for projects...
[INFO] 
[INFO] ---------------< cn.myphoenix:big-marketing-wheel-types >---------------
[INFO] Building big-marketing-wheel-types 1.0-SNAPSHOT
[INFO]   from pom.xml
[INFO] --------------------------------[ jar ]---------------------------------
[INFO] 
[INFO] --- maven-resources-plugin:2.5:resources (default-resources) @ big-marketing-wheel-types ---
[debug] execute contextualize
[INFO] Using 'UTF-8' encoding to copy filtered resources.
[INFO] Copying 0 resource
[INFO] Copying 0 resource
[INFO]
[INFO] --- maven-compiler-plugin:3.0:compile (default-compile) @ big-marketing-wheel-types ---
[INFO] Nothing to compile - all classes are up to date
[INFO]
[INFO] --- maven-resources-plugin:2.5:testResources (default-testResources) @ big-marketing-wheel-types ---
[debug] execute contextualize
[INFO] Using 'UTF-8' encoding to copy filtered resources.
[INFO] Copying 0 resource
[INFO]
[INFO] --- maven-compiler-plugin:3.0:testCompile (default-testCompile) @ big-marketing-wheel-types ---
[INFO] Nothing to compile - all classes are up to date
[INFO] 
[INFO] --- maven-surefire-plugin:2.22.2:test (default-test) @ big-marketing-wheel-types ---
[INFO] 
[INFO] --- maven-jar-plugin:3.2.2:jar (default-jar) @ big-marketing-wheel-types ---
[INFO] ------------------------------------------------------------------------
[INFO] BUILD SUCCESS
[INFO] ------------------------------------------------------------------------
[INFO] Total time:  1.291 s
[INFO] Finished at: 2024-12-14T15:31:13+08:00
[INFO] ------------------------------------------------------------------------

由标绿处可以看到，既没有重新编译，也没有重新打包。说明了情况 1。

注：在实际开发场景中，我们在 compile、package、install、deploy 时，会先执行 clean。

参考：

  • https://www.jb51.net/article/223600.htm
  • https://juejin.cn/post/7359083767564238863?searchId=202412131535127F99F7999BFA089607E3
  • https://maven.apache.org/guides/mini/guide-multiple-modules.html?spm=5176.28103460.0.0.297c5d275vOOxH
  • https://juejin.cn/post/7130089666115534855/

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