Unity复刻胡闹厨房复盘 模块一 新输入系统订阅链与重绑定

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                                                          版本：Unity6                      

                                                          模板：3D 核心                      

                                                          渲染管线：URP 

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    在此之前你应该对新输入系统有一定的了解，关于新输入系统的用法与解释：Unity新输入系统 之 InputAction（输入配置文件最基本的单位）_unity inputaction-CSDN博客

关于新输入系统的简单实战：Unity 新输入系统实战 控制2D角色移动动画（俯视）-CSDN博客

目录

实现功能与逻辑拆解

1.获取WASD的基础输入​编辑

2.自定义操作按键

3.按键重绑

4 .重绑定后的保存与读取

全局概览

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        我将输入管理类命名为GameInput 其创建时候就写为了单例模式，因为但凡是拥有全局唯一实例的类 或者 是该类的生命周期占据了整个场景 就应该写为单例模式 

实现功能与逻辑拆解

1.获取WASD的基础输入

对于新输入系统的创建与生成C#文件我便不再赘述，Unity6自带

你可以在InputAction看到其已经定义好了很多内容

         首先声明输入系统的C#类 然后开启

action = new InputSystem_Actions();action.Enable();

        直接读取输入值 可以看到Move这一Action是Value的动作类型以及Vector2的控制类型

        因此代码就可以直接这么写： 

   public Vector3 GetInputKeyboard() {Vector2 direcation = action.Player.Move.ReadValue<Vector2>();//float x = Input.GetAxisRaw("Horizontal");//float z = Input.GetAxisRaw("Vertical");Vector3 move = new Vector3(direcation.x, 0, direcation.y);move = move.normalized;return move;}

至于为什么返回单位化后的向量可以看这一篇，其并不是本文的重点 ：Unity中的数学应用 之 角色移动中单位化向量的妙用 （小学难度）-CSDN博客

2.自定义操作按键

        这里有个前置知识点：发布者-订阅模式的特点就是发布者发布事件与调用 ，订阅者只需要订阅上就完事了

         对于此部分可以自定义Action为Button类型

        对于具体按键可以勾选分类： 

        代码是这么写的：

    private static GameInput instance;public static GameInput Instance => instance;private InputSystem_Actions action;public EventHandler interact;public EventHandler operater;public EventHandler pause;private void Awake() {if (instance == null) {instance = this;}else {Destroy(instance);}action = new InputSystem_Actions();if (PlayerPrefs.HasKey(PLAYERBDINGINFO))action.LoadBindingOverridesFromJson(PlayerPrefs.GetString(PLAYERBDINGINFO));action.Enable();//触发订阅—Eaction.Player.Interact.started += Interact_started;//触发订阅-Faction.Player.Operater.started += Operater_started;//触发订阅-ESCaction.Player.Pause.started += Pause_started;}private void OnDestroy() {action.Player.Interact.started -= Interact_started;action.Player.Operater.started -= Operater_started;action.Player.Pause.started -= Pause_started;action.Dispose();}private void Pause_started(UnityEngine.InputSystem.InputAction.CallbackContext obj) {pause?.Invoke(this, EventArgs.Empty);}private void Operater_started(UnityEngine.InputSystem.InputAction.CallbackContext obj) {operater?.Invoke(this, EventArgs.Empty);}private void Interact_started(UnityEngine.InputSystem.InputAction.CallbackContext obj) {interact?.Invoke(this, EventArgs.Empty);}

        解释：下面部分是对按键手势(Action)的订阅

        action.Enable();//触发订阅—Eaction.Player.Interact.started += Interact_started;//触发订阅-Faction.Player.Operater.started += Operater_started;//触发订阅-ESCaction.Player.Pause.started += Pause_started;

        订阅的谁呢？是如下三个函数 注意其参数都是自动生成的

 private void Pause_started(UnityEngine.InputSystem.InputAction.CallbackContext obj) {pause?.Invoke(this, EventArgs.Empty);}private void Operater_started(UnityEngine.InputSystem.InputAction.CallbackContext obj) {operater?.Invoke(this, EventArgs.Empty);}private void Interact_started(UnityEngine.InputSystem.InputAction.CallbackContext obj) {interact?.Invoke(this, EventArgs.Empty);}

        而三个函数内又包裹了一层C#提供可传参委托

       其参数sender代表事件的发布者 也就是GameIput类本身

      e是EventArgs类型或者派生自EventArgs的类型,通常用于传递和事件相关的信息,这里传值为EventArgs.Empty 也就是空

    也就是他们三个

public EventHandler interact;public EventHandler operater;public EventHandler pause;

         所以对于他们三个的调用也就嵌在了对新输入系统手势的订阅上

        那么谁去订阅呢？Player 你会发现Player这里又是一层封装？但不是委托与事件 

        BaseCounter 是柜台基类 我们以后会讲，curCounter用于存储当前玩家获得的柜台

       private BaseCounter curCounter;void Start() {//Application.targetFrameRate = 60;this.HoldPoints = transform.Find("PlayerHoldPoint");GameInput.Instance.interact += OnInterAction;GameInput.Instance.operater += OnOperaterAction;}private void OnInterAction(object sender, EventArgs s) {curCounter?.Interact(this);}private void OnOperaterAction(object sender, EventArgs e) {curCounter?.InteractOperater(this);}

        Interact与InteractOperater的定义在柜台类基类之中是两个虚方法，由子类去实现

using UnityEngine;public class BaseCounter : FoodObjcetHolder {[SerializeField] protected Transform SelectPrefab;public void SelectPrefabSecureAssign(string name) {if (SelectPrefab == null) {SelectPrefab = transform.Find(name);}}public virtual void Interact(Player player) {Debug.Log("未对父类进行重写");}public virtual void InteractOperater(Player player) {}public void CounterSelect() {SelectPrefab.gameObject?.SetActive(true);}public void CounterUnSelect() {SelectPrefab.gameObject?.SetActive(false);}}

         子类实现我们不去考虑，目前对于一个按键的订阅链我们已经整理完了

        由下图所示

   

        你要说这不是脱了裤子放p吗？其实不然 其道理在于

        如果只是GameInput类自我消化 只需要第一条黑线 但是GameInput类要与Player类进行交互 而事件的发布订阅解决了这个问题，所以有了第二条黑线

        Player也不负责执行柜台的逻辑 所以就需要第三条黑线

3.按键重绑

        这个的原理如下

1.获取对应的Action下的按键

action.Player.Move;action.Player.Interact;action.Player.Operater;action.Player.Pause;

       2.通过对应的索引去得到对应值键 也就是下图
         

        在回调函数中执行其他办法，注意最后那个Start（）方法一定要开启不然没有任何反应

     actionKey.PerformInteractiveRebinding(index).OnComplete((callback) => {Debug.Log("重新绑定完成");action.Player.Enable();SettingUI.Instance.UpdateUI();SettingUI.Instance.HideBindingInfo();PlayerPrefs.SetString(PLAYERBDINGINFO,action.SaveBindingOverridesAsJson());}).Start();

        先别管actionKey，也别管函数块内部做了什么，重点下面这个API是重绑定的关键：

PerformInteractiveRebinding(index).OnComplete

        做了一个枚举去得到所有不同的输入

public enum E_BindingKey{ w,a,s,d,e,f,esc
}

        重新绑定只需要传入一个枚举值，就可以

  public void ReBinding(E_BindingKey e_BindingKey){Debug.Log("进入重新绑定");action.Player.Disable(); InputAction actionKey = null;int index = -1;switch (e_BindingKey) {case E_BindingKey.w:index = 2;actionKey = action.Player.Move;break;case E_BindingKey.a:index = 6;actionKey = action.Player.Move;break;case E_BindingKey.s:index = 4;actionKey = action.Player.Move;break;case E_BindingKey.d:index = 8;actionKey = action.Player.Move;break;case E_BindingKey.e:index = 0;actionKey = action.Player.Interact;break;case E_BindingKey.f:index = 0;actionKey = action.Player.Operater;break;case E_BindingKey.esc:index = 0;actionKey = action.Player.Pause;break;default:break;}if(actionKey != null) {actionKey.PerformInteractiveRebinding(index).OnComplete((callback) => {Debug.Log("重新绑定完成");action.Player.Enable();SettingUI.Instance.UpdateUI();SettingUI.Instance.HideBindingInfo();PlayerPrefs.SetString(PLAYERBDINGINFO,action.SaveBindingOverridesAsJson());}).Start();}else{Debug.Log("actionKey为空");}//actionKey.Dispose();}

4 .重绑定后的保存与读取

        重新加载会将场景所有类的内存回收，但是存在本地的可以持久化，因此无论是何种持久化方式都可以通过如下两个API去存取成json字符串

        这里用PlayerPrefs演示

        写入：

PlayerPrefs.SetString(PLAYERBDINGINFO,action.SaveBindingOverridesAsJson());

        读取： 

   action.LoadBindingOverridesFromJson(PlayerPrefs.GetString(PLAYERBDINGINFO));

        至于放在哪里 不用我多说了相信你对unity的生命周期并不陌生 

全局概览

using System;
using UnityEngine;
using UnityEngine.InputSystem;
public enum E_BindingKey{ w,a,s,d,e,f,esc
}
public class GameInput : MonoBehaviour {private const string PLAYERBDINGINFO = "PLAYERBDINGINFO";private static GameInput instance;public static GameInput Instance => instance;private InputSystem_Actions action;public EventHandler interact;public EventHandler operater;public EventHandler pause;private void Awake() {if (instance == null) {instance = this;}else {Destroy(instance);}action = new InputSystem_Actions();if (PlayerPrefs.HasKey(PLAYERBDINGINFO))action.LoadBindingOverridesFromJson(PlayerPrefs.GetString(PLAYERBDINGINFO));action.Enable();//触发订阅—Eaction.Player.Interact.started += Interact_started;//触发订阅-Faction.Player.Operater.started += Operater_started;//触发订阅-ESCaction.Player.Pause.started += Pause_started;}private void OnDestroy() {action.Player.Interact.started -= Interact_started;action.Player.Operater.started -= Operater_started;action.Player.Pause.started -= Pause_started;action.Dispose();}private void Pause_started(UnityEngine.InputSystem.InputAction.CallbackContext obj) {pause?.Invoke(this, EventArgs.Empty);}private void Operater_started(UnityEngine.InputSystem.InputAction.CallbackContext obj) {operater?.Invoke(this, EventArgs.Empty);}private void Interact_started(UnityEngine.InputSystem.InputAction.CallbackContext obj) {interact?.Invoke(this, EventArgs.Empty);}/// <summary>/// 读取输入/// </summary>/// <returns>移动朝向</returns>public Vector3 GetInputKeyboard() {Vector2 direcation = action.Player.Move.ReadValue<Vector2>();//float x = Input.GetAxisRaw("Horizontal");//float z = Input.GetAxisRaw("Vertical");Vector3 move = new Vector3(direcation.x, 0, direcation.y);move = move.normalized;return move;}public void ReBinding(E_BindingKey e_BindingKey){Debug.Log("进入重新绑定");action.Player.Disable(); InputAction actionKey = null;int index = -1;switch (e_BindingKey) {case E_BindingKey.w:index = 2;actionKey = action.Player.Move;break;case E_BindingKey.a:index = 6;actionKey = action.Player.Move;break;case E_BindingKey.s:index = 4;actionKey = action.Player.Move;break;case E_BindingKey.d:index = 8;actionKey = action.Player.Move;break;case E_BindingKey.e:index = 0;actionKey = action.Player.Interact;break;case E_BindingKey.f:index = 0;actionKey = action.Player.Operater;break;case E_BindingKey.esc:index = 0;actionKey = action.Player.Pause;break;default:break;}if(actionKey != null) {actionKey.PerformInteractiveRebinding(index).OnComplete((callback) => {Debug.Log("重新绑定完成");action.Player.Enable();SettingUI.Instance.UpdateUI();SettingUI.Instance.HideBindingInfo();PlayerPrefs.SetString(PLAYERBDINGINFO,action.SaveBindingOverridesAsJson());}).Start();}else{Debug.Log("actionKey为空");}//actionKey.Dispose();}public string GetBindingKey(E_BindingKey e_BindingKey){switch (e_BindingKey) {case E_BindingKey.w:return action.Player.Move.bindings[2].ToDisplayString();case E_BindingKey.a:return action.Player.Move.bindings[6].ToDisplayString();case E_BindingKey.s:return action.Player.Move.bindings[4].ToDisplayString();case E_BindingKey.d:return action.Player.Move.bindings[8].ToDisplayString();case E_BindingKey.e:return action.Player.Interact.bindings[0].ToDisplayString();case E_BindingKey.f:return action.Player.Operater.bindings[0].ToDisplayString();case E_BindingKey.esc:return action.Player.Pause.bindings[0].ToDisplayString();default:return "";}}
}