linux从入门到精通 第一章centos7里tomcat，jdk，httpd，mysql57，mysql80的安装

一 安装httpd,tomcat,jdk,mysql

1 安装httpd

• 下载httpd

       yum -y install httpd

• 关闭防火墙

      systemctl stop firewalld 

• 启动httpd的服务

 service httpd start

• 浏览器里输入主机号

    http://192.168.80.121:80

• 显示效果如图所示

2 安装tomcat

-操作流程

   76  mkdir /usr/tomcat# 77  ll78  chmod 777 apache-tomcat-7.0.68.tar.gz# 79  ll80  tar -zxvf apache-tomcat-7.0.68.tar.gz# 81  ll#  82  tar -zxvf apache-tomcat-7.0.68.tar.gz -C  /usr/java83  tar -zxvf apache-tomcat-7.0.68.tar.gz -C  /usr/tomcat# 84  ll# 85  cd /usr/tomcat/apache-tomcat-7.0.57/bin/# 86  cd /usr/tomcat/apache-tomcat-7.0.57/bin87  cd /usr/tomcat/apache-tomcat-7.0.68/bin/# 88  ll89  ./startup.sh

• 运行结果
  

3 安装jdk

• 查看以前是否装了openjdk

rpm -qa | grep java

• 安装核心指令

     chmod 777 jdk-8u261-linux-x64.tar.gzlltar -zxvf jdk-8u261-linux-x64.tar.gz#安装到指定目录tar -zxvf jdk-8u261-linux-x64.tar.gz -C /usr/java

• 配置环境变量

 vi /etc/profile

在底部追加

export JAVA_HOME=/usr/java/jdk1.8.0_261/
export
CLASSPATH=.:${JAVA_HOME}/jre/lib/rt.jar:${JAVA_HOME}/lib/dt.jar:${JAVA_HOME}/lib/tools.jar
export PATH=$PATH:${JAVA_HOME}/bin

重启环境变量

source /etc/profile

java -version

• 运行结果
  
• 查看日志信息

tail -200f /usr/tomcat/apache-tomcat-7.0.68/logs/catalina.out

• 查看日志与启动服务一起

./startup.sh && tail -200f ../logs/catalina.out

• 关闭服务

 ./shutdown.sh

三 MySql的安装

1 克隆出来两台虚拟机

直接关闭掉，然后点击虚拟机名称，一直修改就可以

2 配置虚拟机

• mac地址
  1.网络适配器，高级
  

  2.点生成mac地址，多点两下

• 主机名
  因为我没有设置主机名，所以这一步可以不更改，毕竟主机名的作用就是IP地址的一个别名

• IP地址
  
  修改ip：192.168.80.121
  为 ： 192.168.80.122

• UUID
  修改一位就行

• 重启虚拟机

 systemctl restart network

3 链接xhsell

4 链接xftp

把mysql安装包传上去

5 mysql8的安装

• 1 给tmp文件提升权限

chmod -R 777 /tmp

• 2 安装前检查依赖，如果不存在，就重新安装

  128  rpm -qa|grep libaio129  rpm -qa|grep net-tools130  yum install net-tools131  rpm -qa|grep net-tools

• 3 安装时依次执行下列命令

134  cd /opt135  ll136  rpm -ivh mysql-community-common-8.0.25-1.el7.x86_64.rpm137  rpm -ivh mysql-community-client-plugins-8.0.25-1.el7.x86_64.rpm# 138  rpm -ivh mysql-community-libs-8.0.25-1.el7.x86_64.rpm139  yum remove mysql-libs140  rpm -ivh mysql-community-libs-8.0.25-1.el7.x86_64.rpm# 141  rpm -ivh mysql-community-libs-8.0.25-1.el7.x86_64.rpmmysql-community-client-8.0.25-1.el7.x86_64.rpm142  rpm -ivh mysql-community-client-8.0.25-1.el7.x86_64.rpm143  history144  rpm -ivh mysql-community-server-8.0.25-1.el7.x86_64.rpm#  145   mysql -version146   mysql --version

• 4 安装成功

[root@localhost opt]#  mysql --version
mysql  Ver 8.0.25 for Linux on x86_64 (MySQL Community Server - GPL)

• 5 服务初始化

这一步初始化完成后会生成一个初始化密码

mysqld --initialize --user=mysql

查看生成的初始密码是什么

[root@localhost opt]# cat /var/log/mysqld.log
2023-04-20T10:40:52.202809Z 0 [System] [MY-013169] [Server] /usr/sbin/mysqld (mysqld 8.0.25) initializing of server in progress as process 1669
2023-04-20T10:40:52.209496Z 1 [System] [MY-013576] [InnoDB] InnoDB initialization has started.
2023-04-20T10:40:52.906412Z 1 [System] [MY-013577] [InnoDB] InnoDB initialization has ended.
2023-04-20T10:40:53.523745Z 6 [Note] [MY-010454] [Server] A temporary password is generated for root@localhost: %=5NuG>6Y25p
[root@localhost opt]# systemctl status mysqld
● mysqld.service - MySQL ServerLoaded: loaded (/usr/lib/systemd/system/mysqld.service; enabled; vendor preset: disabled)Active: inactive (dead)Docs: man:mysqld(8)http://dev.mysql.com/doc/refman/en/using-systemd.html

启动服务并查看状态

[root@localhost opt]# systemctl start mysqld
[root@localhost opt]# systemctl status mysqld

开机自启动的一些测试

[root@localhost opt]# systemctl list-unit-files|grep mysqld.service
mysqld.service                                enabled 
[root@localhost opt]# systemctl disable mysqld.service
Removed symlink /etc/systemd/system/multi-user.target.wants/mysqld.service.
[root@localhost opt]# systemctl list-unit-files|grep mysqld.service
mysqld.service                                disabled
[root@localhost opt]# systemctl enabled mysqld.service
Unknown operation 'enabled'.
[root@localhost opt]# systemctl enable mysqld.service
Created symlink from /etc/systemd/system/multi-user.target.wants/mysqld.service to /usr/lib/systemd/system/mysqld.service.
[root@localhost opt]# systemctl list-unit-files|grep mysqld.service
mysqld.service                                enabled 

登录并修改密码

[root@localhost opt]# mysql -uroot -p
Enter password: 
Welcome to the MySQL monitor.  Commands end with ; or \g.
Your MySQL connection id is 9
Server version: 8.0.25Copyright (c) 2000, 2021, Oracle and/or its affiliates.Oracle is a registered trademark of Oracle Corporation and/or its
affiliates. Other names may be trademarks of their respective
owners.Type 'help;' or '\h' for help. Type '\c' to clear the current input statement.mysql> show databases-> ;
ERROR 1820 (HY000): You must reset your password using ALTER USER statement before executing this statement.
mysql> ALTER USER 'root'@'localhost' IDENTIFIED WITH mysql_native_password BY 'root';
Query OK, 0 rows affected (0.00 sec)mysql> quit
Bye

测试创建一个数据库

mysql> create database xieyitang;
Query OK, 1 row affected (0.00 sec)mysql> show databases;
+--------------------+
| Database           |
+--------------------+
| information_schema |
| mysql              |
| performance_schema |
| sys                |
| xieyitang          |
+--------------------+
5 rows in set (0.00 sec)

6 mysql5.7的安装

• 1 给tmp文件提升权限

chmod -R 777 /tmp

• 2 安装前检查依赖，如果不存在，就重新安装

  128  rpm -qa|grep libaio129  rpm -qa|grep net-tools130  yum install net-tools131  rpm -qa|grep net-tools

• 3 安装时依次执行下列命令

  127  cd /opt128  ll129  chmod  -R  777 /tmp130  rpm -qa|grep libaio131  rpm -qa|grep net-tools132  yum install net-tools133  ll134  rpm -ivh mysql-community-common-5.7.28-1.el7.x86_64.rpm135  yum install net-tools136  rpm -qa|grep net-tools137  yum install net-tools138  rpm -qa|grep net-tools139  rpm -ivh mysql-community-libs-5.7.28-1.el7.x86_64.rpm140  yum remove mysql-libs141  ll142  rpm -ivh mysql-community-libs-5.7.28-1.el7.x86_64.rpm143  rpm -ivh mysql-community-common-5.7.28-1.el7.x86_64.rpm144  rpm -ivh mysql-community-libs-5.7.28-1.el7.x86_64.rpm145  rpm -ivh mysql-community-client-5.7.28-1.el7.x86_64.rpm146  rpm -ivh mysql-community-server-5.7.28-1.el7.x86_64.rpm147  mysql --version148  mysqld --initialize --user=mysql149  cat /var/log/mysqld.log150  systemctl status mysqld151  systemctl start mysqld152  systemctl status mysqld153  systemctl list-unit-files|grep154  systemctl list-unit-files|grep mysqld.service155  mysql -uroot -p156  history

• 4 安装成功

[root@localhost opt]# mysql --version
mysql  Ver 14.14 Distrib 5.7.28, for Linux (x86_64) using  EditLine wrapper

• 5 进入mysql中修改密码

[root@localhost opt]# mysql -uroot -p
Enter password: 
Welcome to the MySQL monitor.  Commands end with ; or \g.
Your MySQL connection id is 2
Server version: 5.7.28Copyright (c) 2000, 2019, Oracle and/or its affiliates. All rights reserved.Oracle is a registered trademark of Oracle Corporation and/or its
affiliates. Other names may be trademarks of their respective
owners.Type 'help;' or '\h' for help. Type '\c' to clear the current input statement.mysql> show databases-> ;
ERROR 1820 (HY000): You must reset your password using ALTER USER statement before executing this statement.
mysql> aLTER USER 'root'@'localhost' IDENTIFIED WITH mysql_native_password BY 'root';
Query OK, 0 rows affected (0.00 sec)mysql> show databases;
+--------------------+
| Database           |
+--------------------+
| information_schema |
| mysql              |
| performance_schema |
| sys                |
+--------------------+
4 rows in set (0.00 sec)mysql> quit
Bye