python图片爬虫

#!/usr/bin/env python
# -*- coding:utf-8 -*-
import argparse
import os
import re
import sys
import urllib
import json
import socket
import urllib.request
import urllib.parse
import urllib.error
# 设置超时
import timetimeout = 5
socket.setdefaulttimeout(timeout)class Crawler:# 睡眠时长__time_sleep = 0.1__amount = 0__start_amount = 0__counter = 0headers = {'User-Agent': 'Mozilla/5.0 (Windows NT 6.1; WOW64; rv:23.0) Gecko/20100101 Firefox/23.0', 'Cookie': ''}__per_page = 30# 获取图片url内容等# t 下载图片时间间隔def __init__(self, t=0.1):self.time_sleep = t# 获取后缀名@staticmethoddef get_suffix(name):m = re.search(r'\.[^\.]*$', name)if m.group(0) and len(m.group(0)) <= 5:return m.group(0)else:return '.jpeg'@staticmethoddef handle_baidu_cookie(original_cookie, cookies):""":param string original_cookie::param list cookies::return string:"""if not cookies:return original_cookieresult = original_cookiefor cookie in cookies:result += cookie.split(';')[0] + ';'result.rstrip(';')return result# 保存图片def save_image(self, rsp_data, word):if not os.path.exists("./" + word):os.mkdir("./" + word)# 判断名字是否重复，获取图片长度self.__counter = len(os.listdir('./' + word)) + 1for image_info in rsp_data['data']:try:if 'replaceUrl' not in image_info or len(image_info['replaceUrl']) < 1:continueobj_url = image_info['replaceUrl'][0]['ObjUrl']thumb_url = image_info['thumbURL']url = 'https://image.baidu.com/search/down?tn=download&ipn=dwnl&word=download&ie=utf8&fr=result&url=%s&thumburl=%s' % (urllib.parse.quote(obj_url), urllib.parse.quote(thumb_url))time.sleep(self.time_sleep)suffix = self.get_suffix(obj_url)# 指定UA和referrer，减少403opener = urllib.request.build_opener()opener.addheaders = [('User-agent', 'Mozilla/5.0 (Windows NT 10.0; Win64; x64) AppleWebKit/537.36 (KHTML, like Gecko) Chrome/83.0.4103.116 Safari/537.36'),]urllib.request.install_opener(opener)# 保存图片filepath = './%s/%s' % (word, str(self.__counter) + str(suffix))urllib.request.urlretrieve(url, filepath)if os.path.getsize(filepath) < 5:print("下载到了空文件，跳过!")os.unlink(filepath)continueexcept urllib.error.HTTPError as urllib_err:print(urllib_err)continueexcept Exception as err:time.sleep(1)print(err)print("产生未知错误，放弃保存")continueelse:print("+1,已有" + str(self.__counter) + "张")self.__counter += 1return# 开始获取def get_images(self, word):search = urllib.parse.quote(word)# pn int 图片数pn = self.__start_amountwhile pn < self.__amount:url = 'https://image.baidu.com/search/acjson?tn=resultjson_com&ipn=rj&ct=201326592&is=&fp=result&queryWord=%s&cl=2&lm=-1&ie=utf-8&oe=utf-8&adpicid=&st=-1&z=&ic=&hd=&latest=&copyright=&word=%s&s=&se=&tab=&width=&height=&face=0&istype=2&qc=&nc=1&fr=&expermode=&force=&pn=%s&rn=%d&gsm=1e&1594447993172=' % (search, search, str(pn), self.__per_page)# 设置header防403try:time.sleep(self.time_sleep)req = urllib.request.Request(url=url, headers=self.headers)page = urllib.request.urlopen(req)self.headers['Cookie'] = self.handle_baidu_cookie(self.headers['Cookie'], page.info().get_all('Set-Cookie'))rsp = page.read()page.close()except UnicodeDecodeError as e:print(e)print('-----UnicodeDecodeErrorurl:', url)except urllib.error.URLError as e:print(e)print("-----urlErrorurl:", url)except socket.timeout as e:print(e)print("-----socket timout:", url)else:# 解析jsonrsp_data = json.loads(rsp, strict=False)if 'data' not in rsp_data:print("触发了反爬机制，自动重试！")else:self.save_image(rsp_data, word)# 读取下一页print("下载下一页")pn += self.__per_pageprint("下载任务结束")returndef start(self, word, total_page=1, start_page=1, per_page=30):"""爬虫入口:param word: 抓取的关键词:param total_page: 需要抓取数据页数 总抓取图片数量为 页数 x per_page:param start_page:起始页码:param per_page: 每页数量:return:"""self.__per_page = per_pageself.__start_amount = (start_page - 1) * self.__per_pageself.__amount = total_page * self.__per_page + self.__start_amountself.get_images(word)if __name__ == '__main__':if len(sys.argv) > 1:parser = argparse.ArgumentParser()parser.add_argument("-w", "--word", type=str, help="抓取关键词", required=True)parser.add_argument("-tp", "--total_page", type=int, help="需要抓取的总页数", required=True)parser.add_argument("-sp", "--start_page", type=int, help="起始页数", required=True)parser.add_argument("-pp", "--per_page", type=int, help="每页大小", choices=[10, 20, 30, 40, 50, 60, 70, 80, 90, 100], default=30, nargs='?')parser.add_argument("-d", "--delay", type=float, help="抓取延时（间隔）", default=0.05)args = parser.parse_args()crawler = Crawler(args.delay)crawler.start(args.word, args.total_page, args.start_page, args.per_page)  # 抓取关键词为 “美女”，总数为 1 页（即总共 1*60=60 张），开始页码为 2else:# 如果不指定参数，那么程序会按照下面进行执行crawler = Crawler(0.05)  # 抓取延迟为 0.05crawler.start('美女', 10, 2, 30)  # 抓取关键词为 “美女”，总数为 1 页，开始页码为 2，每页30张（即总共 2*30=60 张）# crawler.start('二次元 美女', 10, 1)  # 抓取关键词为 “二次元 美女”# crawler.start('帅哥', 5)  # 抓取关键词为 “帅哥”

使用方法：

百度图片爬虫，基于python3

需要安装python版本 >= 3.6

使用方法

$ python crawling.py -h
usage: crawling.py [-h] -w WORD -tp TOTAL_PAGE -sp START_PAGE[-pp [{10,20,30,40,50,60,70,80,90,100}]] [-d DELAY]optional arguments:-h, --help            show this help message and exit-w WORD, --word WORD  抓取关键词-tp TOTAL_PAGE, --total_page TOTAL_PAGE需要抓取的总页数-sp START_PAGE, --start_page START_PAGE起始页数-pp [{10,20,30,40,50,60,70,80,90,100}], --per_page [{10,20,30,40,50,60,70,80,90,100}]每页大小-d DELAY, --delay DELAY抓取延时（间隔）

开始爬取图片

python crawling.py --word "丁真" --total_page 10 --start_page 1 --per_page 30

另外也可以在crawling.py最后一行修改编辑查找关键字
图片默认保存在项目路径
运行爬虫：

python crawling.py