RabbitMQ基础（2）——发布订阅/fanout模式 topic模式 rabbitmq回调确认 延迟队列（死信）设计

引出

---

1.rabbitmq队列方式的梳理，点对点，一对多；
2.发布订阅模式，交换机到消费者，以邮箱和手机验证码为例；
3.topic模式，根据规则决定发送给哪个队列；
4.rabbitmq回调确认，setConfirmCallback和setReturnsCallback；
5.死信队列，延迟队列，创建方法，正常—死信，设置延迟时间；

点对点(simple)

点对对方式传输

Work queues 一对多

1个生产者多个消费者

发布订阅/fanout模式

生产者通过fanout扇出交换机群发消息给消费者，同一条消息每一个消费者都可以收到。

以登陆验证码为例

pom文件导包

<!--        qq邮箱--><dependency><groupId>org.springframework.boot</groupId><artifactId>spring-boot-starter-mail</artifactId></dependency><!--        阿里云短信验证码相关包--><dependency><groupId>com.aliyun</groupId><artifactId>aliyun-java-sdk-core</artifactId><version>4.5.3</version></dependency><!--        queue的包--><dependency><groupId>org.springframework.boot</groupId><artifactId>spring-boot-starter-amqp</artifactId></dependency>

application.yml文件

server:port: 9099spring:# 模块的名字application:name: user-auth# 邮箱的配置mail:host: smtp.qq.comport: 587username: xxxxpassword: xxxxx# rabbitmq的配置rabbitmq:host: 192.168.111.130port: 5672username: adminpassword: 123logging:level:com.tianju.auth: debug

rabbitmq的配置

需要用到的常量

package com.tianju.auth.util;/*** rabbitmq的常量*/
public interface RabbitMqConstants {String MQ_MAIL_QUEUE="mq_email_queue";String MQ_PHONE_QUEUE="mq_phone_queue";String MQ_FANOUT_EXCHANGE="mq_fanout_exchange";// 参数 String name, boolean durable, boolean exclusive, boolean autoDeleteboolean durable = true;boolean exclusive = false;boolean autoDelete = false;}

RabbitMqConfig.java配置

邮箱队列，电话队列，交换机；

邮箱绑定交换机，电话绑定交换机；

创建队列参数说明：

参数	说明
name	字符串值，queue的名称。
durable	布尔值，表示该 queue 是否持久化。 持久化意味着当 RabbitMQ 重启后，该 queue 是否会恢复/仍存在。 另外，需要注意的是，queue 的持久化不等于其中的消息也会被持久化。
exclusive	布尔值，表示该 queue 是否排它式使用。排它式使用意味着仅声明他的连接可见/可用，其它连接不可见/不可用。
autoDelete	布尔值，表示当该 queue 没“人”（connection）用时，是否会被自动删除。

不指定 durable、exclusive 和 autoDelete 时，默认为 true 、 false 和 false 。表示持久化、非排它、不用自动删除。

创建交换机参数说明

参数	说明
name	字符串值，exchange 的名称。
durable	布尔值，表示该 exchage 是否持久化。 持久化意味着当 RabbitMQ 重启后，该 exchange 是否会恢复/仍存在。
autoDelete	布尔值，表示当该 exchange 没“人”（queue）用时，是否会被自动删除。

不指定 durable 和 autoDelete 时，默认为 true 和 false 。表示持久化、不用自动删除

package com.tianju.auth.config;import com.tianju.auth.util.RabbitMqConstants;
import org.springframework.amqp.core.Binding;
import org.springframework.amqp.core.BindingBuilder;
import org.springframework.amqp.core.FanoutExchange;
import org.springframework.amqp.core.Queue;
import org.springframework.context.annotation.Bean;
import org.springframework.context.annotation.Configuration;@Configuration
public class RabbitMqConfig {@Bean // 邮箱的队列public Queue mailQueue(){return new Queue(RabbitMqConstants.MQ_MAIL_QUEUE,RabbitMqConstants.durable,RabbitMqConstants.exclusive,RabbitMqConstants.autoDelete);}@Bean // 电话的队列public Queue phoneQueue(){return new Queue(RabbitMqConstants.MQ_PHONE_QUEUE,RabbitMqConstants.durable,RabbitMqConstants.exclusive,RabbitMqConstants.autoDelete);}@Bean // 交换机public FanoutExchange fanoutExchange(){return new FanoutExchange(RabbitMqConstants.MQ_FANOUT_EXCHANGE,RabbitMqConstants.durable,RabbitMqConstants.autoDelete);}@Beanpublic Binding mailBinding(){return BindingBuilder.bind(mailQueue()).to(fanoutExchange());}@Beanpublic Binding phoneBinding(){return BindingBuilder.bind(phoneQueue()).to(fanoutExchange());}}

生产者生成验证码，发送给交换机

接口

package com.tianju.auth.service;public interface IUserService {/*** 生产者生成信息发送给交换机* @param msg 信息，这里是验证码*/void sendCode(String msg);
}

实现

package com.tianju.auth.service.impl;import com.tianju.auth.service.IUserService;
import com.tianju.auth.util.RabbitMqConstants;
import lombok.extern.slf4j.Slf4j;
import org.springframework.amqp.rabbit.core.RabbitTemplate;
import org.springframework.beans.factory.annotation.Autowired;
import org.springframework.stereotype.Service;import java.util.ArrayList;
import java.util.List;@Service
@Slf4j
public class UserServiceImpl implements IUserService {@Autowiredprivate RabbitTemplate rabbitTemplate;@Overridepublic void sendCode(String msg) {rabbitTemplate.convertAndSend(RabbitMqConstants.MQ_FANOUT_EXCHANGE,"routingkey.fanout",msg);log.debug("[生产者向交换机：] 发送一条信息：{}",msg);}}

测试类生成验证码，发给交换机

package com.tianju.auth.service.impl;import cn.hutool.core.lang.Snowflake;
import com.tianju.auth.service.IUserService;import org.junit.Test;
import org.junit.runner.RunWith;
import org.springframework.beans.factory.annotation.Autowired;
import org.springframework.boot.test.context.SpringBootTest;
import org.springframework.test.context.junit4.SpringJUnit4ClassRunner;@SpringBootTest
@RunWith(SpringJUnit4ClassRunner.class)public class UserServiceImplTest {@Autowiredprivate IUserService userService;@Testpublic void sendCode() {String code = new Snowflake().nextIdStr().substring(0, 6);System.out.println(code);userService.sendCode(code);}
}

消费者消费验证码

package com.tianju.auth.consumer;import com.tianju.auth.service.IEmailService;
import com.tianju.auth.util.RabbitMqConstants;
import com.tianju.auth.util.SMSUtil;
import lombok.extern.slf4j.Slf4j;
import org.springframework.amqp.rabbit.annotation.RabbitListener;
import org.springframework.beans.factory.annotation.Autowired;
import org.springframework.stereotype.Service;@Slf4j
@Service
public class UserConsumer {@Autowiredprivate IEmailService emailService;@RabbitListener(queues = RabbitMqConstants.MQ_MAIL_QUEUE)public void emailConsumer(String msg){log.debug("[email消费者：]消费{}",msg);emailService.sendEmail("[e-mail]", "登陆验证码", msg);}@RabbitListener(queues = RabbitMqConstants.MQ_PHONE_QUEUE)public void phoneConsumer(String msg){log.debug("[phone消费者：]消费{}",msg);SMSUtil.send("xxxx", msg);}}

topic模式

例如： routingkey: my.orange.rabbit —-> Q1,Q2

配置类增加配置

package com.tianju.auth.util;/*** rabbitmq的常量*/
public interface RabbitMqConstants {String MQ_MAIL_QUEUE="mq_email_queue";String MQ_PHONE_QUEUE="mq_phone_queue";String MQ_FANOUT_EXCHANGE="mq_fanout_exchange";String MQ_TOPIC_EXCHANGE="mq_topic_exchange";String MQ_TOPIC_QUEUE_A = "mq_topic_queue_a";String MQ_TOPIC_QUEUE_B = "mq_topic_queue_b";// 参数 String name, boolean durable, boolean exclusive, boolean autoDeleteboolean durable = true;boolean exclusive = false;boolean autoDelete = false;}

package com.tianju.auth.config;import com.tianju.auth.util.RabbitMqConstants;
import org.springframework.amqp.core.*;
import org.springframework.context.annotation.Bean;
import org.springframework.context.annotation.Configuration;@Configuration
public class RabbitMqConfig {@Bean // 邮箱的队列public Queue mailQueue(){return new Queue(RabbitMqConstants.MQ_MAIL_QUEUE,RabbitMqConstants.durable,RabbitMqConstants.exclusive,RabbitMqConstants.autoDelete);}@Bean // 电话的队列public Queue phoneQueue(){return new Queue(RabbitMqConstants.MQ_PHONE_QUEUE,RabbitMqConstants.durable,RabbitMqConstants.exclusive,RabbitMqConstants.autoDelete);}@Bean // 交换机public FanoutExchange fanoutExchange(){return new FanoutExchange(RabbitMqConstants.MQ_FANOUT_EXCHANGE,RabbitMqConstants.durable,RabbitMqConstants.autoDelete);}@Beanpublic Binding mailBinding(){return BindingBuilder.bind(mailQueue()).to(fanoutExchange());}@Beanpublic Binding phoneBinding(){return BindingBuilder.bind(phoneQueue()).to(fanoutExchange());}@Bean // A队列public Queue topicAQueue(){return new Queue(RabbitMqConstants.MQ_TOPIC_QUEUE_A,RabbitMqConstants.durable,RabbitMqConstants.exclusive,RabbitMqConstants.autoDelete);}/*** topic模式相关配置*/@Bean // B队列public Queue topicBQueue(){return new Queue(RabbitMqConstants.MQ_TOPIC_QUEUE_B,RabbitMqConstants.durable,RabbitMqConstants.exclusive,RabbitMqConstants.autoDelete);}@Bean // topic的交换机public TopicExchange topicMyExchange(){return new TopicExchange(RabbitMqConstants.MQ_TOPIC_EXCHANGE,RabbitMqConstants.durable,RabbitMqConstants.autoDelete);}@Beanpublic Binding topicAQueueBinding(){return BindingBuilder.bind(topicAQueue()).to(topicMyExchange()).with("topic.xxx"); // 规则 topic.xxx}@Beanpublic Binding topicBQueueBinding(){return BindingBuilder.bind(topicBQueue()).to(topicMyExchange()).with("topic.*"); // 规则 topic.xxx}}

生产者发送信息

    /*** topic模式下，生产者发送信息给交换机，可以决定给哪个队列发信息* @param msg 发送的信息* @param routingKey 类似正则表达式，决定给谁发*                   .with("topic.xxx"); // 规则 topic.xxx ---- A队列*                   .with("topic.*"); // 规则 topic.xxx   ---- B队列*                   在配置类中，如上所述配置，则如果输入的routingKey为 topic.xxx则给A和B发；*                                      如果输入的routingKey为 topic.yyy 则 只给B队列发；*/void sendMsg(String msg,String routingKey);

实现

package com.tianju.auth.service.impl;import com.baomidou.mybatisplus.core.conditions.query.QueryWrapper;
import com.tianju.auth.entity.UserPrivs;
import com.tianju.auth.mapper.UserMapper;
import com.tianju.auth.service.IUserService;
import com.tianju.auth.util.RabbitMqConstants;
import lombok.extern.slf4j.Slf4j;
import org.springframework.amqp.rabbit.core.RabbitTemplate;
import org.springframework.beans.factory.annotation.Autowired;
import org.springframework.stereotype.Service;import java.util.ArrayList;
import java.util.List;@Service
@Slf4j
public class UserServiceImpl implements IUserService {@Autowiredprivate RabbitTemplate rabbitTemplate;@Overridepublic void sendCode(String msg) {rabbitTemplate.convertAndSend(RabbitMqConstants.MQ_FANOUT_EXCHANGE,"routingkey.fanout",msg);log.debug("[生产者向交换机：] 发送一条信息：{}",msg);}@Overridepublic void sendMsg(String msg,String routingKey) {rabbitTemplate.convertAndSend(RabbitMqConstants.MQ_TOPIC_EXCHANGE,routingKey, // "topic.yyy",此时只有B队列有信息msg);log.debug("[生产者向交换机：] 发送一条信息：{}",msg);}}

进行发送

package com.tianju.auth.service.impl;import cn.hutool.core.lang.Snowflake;
import com.tianju.auth.service.IUserService;import org.junit.Test;
import org.junit.runner.RunWith;
import org.springframework.beans.factory.annotation.Autowired;
import org.springframework.boot.test.context.SpringBootTest;
import org.springframework.test.context.junit4.SpringJUnit4ClassRunner;@SpringBootTest
@RunWith(SpringJUnit4ClassRunner.class)public class UserServiceImplTest {@Autowiredprivate IUserService userService;@Testpublic void sendCode() {String code = new Snowflake().nextIdStr().substring(0, 6);System.out.println(code);userService.sendCode(code);}@Testpublic void sendTopic() {String code = new Snowflake().nextIdStr().substring(0, 6);System.out.println(code);userService.sendMsg(code,"topic.yyy");}
}

控制台查看

rabbitmq回调确认

配置类

spring:# rabbitmq的配置rabbitmq:host: 192.168.111.130port: 5672username: adminpassword: 123# 确认收到publisher-confirm-type: correlatedpublisher-returns: true

验证生产者发送是否成功

使用RabbitTemplate的回调方法。

先设置

• setConfirmCallback
• setReturnsCallback

    @Autowiredprivate RabbitTemplate rabbitTemplate;@Overridepublic void sendCode(String msg) {rabbitTemplate.convertAndSend(RabbitMqConstants.MQ_FANOUT_EXCHANGE,"routingkey.fanout",msg);log.debug("[生产者向交换机：] 发送一条信息：{}",msg);}@Overridepublic void sendMsg(String msg,String routingKey) {// 如果发到交换机，看一下有没有反馈rabbitTemplate.setConfirmCallback((c,ack,message)->{log.debug("***** setConfirmCallback：ack--{}", ack); // 是否发送到交换机log.debug("***** setConfirmCallback：c-->{}",c);// channel error; protocol method: #method<channel.close>(reply-code=404,// reply-text=NOT_FOUND - no exchange 'aaaa' in vhost '/', class-id=60, method-id=40)log.debug("***** setConfirmCallback：m-->{}",message);if (ack){log.debug("[生产者：] 发送信息到交换机{}","RabbitMqConstants.MQ_TOPIC_EXCHANGE");}else {log.debug(message);}});rabbitTemplate.setReturnsCallback(r->{log.debug("返回文字{}", r.getReplyText());log.debug("返回code{}", r.getReplyCode());log.debug("返回Exchange{}", r.getExchange());log.debug("返回RoutingKey{}", r.getRoutingKey());});rabbitTemplate.convertAndSend(RabbitMqConstants.MQ_TOPIC_EXCHANGE,
//                "aaaa",// 失败的情况routingKey, // "topic.yyy",此时只有B队列有信息msg);log.debug("[生产者向交换机：] 发送一条信息：{}",msg);}

rabbitTemplate.setConfirmCallback((c,ack,message)->{log.debug("******* setConfirmCallback:ack->{}",ack);log.debug("******* setConfirmCallback:c->{}",c);log.debug("******* setConfirmCallback:chanel->{}",message);if(ack){log.debug("[生产者]发送信息到达交换机{}","RabbitMqConstants.MQ_TOPIC_EXCHANGE");}else {log.debug(message);}
});
rabbitTemplate.setReturnsCallback(r->{log.debug("返回文字:{}",r.getReplyText());log.debug("返回code:{}",r.getReplyCode());log.debug("返回Exchange:{}",r.getExchange());log.debug("返回RoutingKey:{}",r.getRoutingKey());
});
rabbitTemplate.convertAndSend(RabbitMqConstants.MQ_TOPIC_EXCHANGE,"abc.xxx",msg
);

    @Testpublic void sendTopic() {String code = new Snowflake().nextIdStr().substring(0, 6);System.out.println(code);userService.sendMsg(code,"topic.rrr");}

延迟队列（死信）设计

Documentation: Table of Contents — RabbitMQ

java代码步骤

创建正常+死信队列

package com.tianju.mq.config;import com.tianju.mq.constants.RabbitMqConstants;
import org.springframework.amqp.core.Binding;
import org.springframework.amqp.core.BindingBuilder;
import org.springframework.amqp.core.DirectExchange;
import org.springframework.amqp.core.Queue;
import org.springframework.context.annotation.Bean;
import org.springframework.context.annotation.Configuration;import java.util.HashMap;
import java.util.Map;@Configuration
public class RabbitMqConfig {@Beanpublic DirectExchange normalExchange(){return new DirectExchange(RabbitMqConstants.MQ_NORMAL_EXCHANGE,RabbitMqConstants.durable,RabbitMqConstants.autoDelete);}@Beanpublic Queue normalQueue(){Map<String, Object> map = new HashMap<>(2);map.put("x-dead-letter-exchange",RabbitMqConstants.MQ_DELAY_EXCHANGE);map.put("x-dead-letter-routing-key",RabbitMqConstants.MQ_DELAY_ROUTING_KEY);return new Queue(RabbitMqConstants.MQ_NORMAL_QUEUE,RabbitMqConstants.durable,RabbitMqConstants.exclusive,RabbitMqConstants.autoDelete,map);}@Beanpublic Binding normalBinding(){return BindingBuilder.bind(normalQueue()).to(normalExchange()).with(RabbitMqConstants.MQ_NORMAL_ROUTING_KEY);}//------------------死信队列设计--------------------------/*** 死信(延迟)队列* @return*/@Beanpublic Queue delayQueue(){return new Queue(RabbitMqConstants.MQ_DELAY_QUEUE,RabbitMqConstants.durable,RabbitMqConstants.exclusive,RabbitMqConstants.autoDelete);}/*** 死信交换机* @return*/@Beanpublic DirectExchange delayExchange(){return new DirectExchange(RabbitMqConstants.MQ_DELAY_EXCHANGE,RabbitMqConstants.durable,RabbitMqConstants.autoDelete);}/*** 死信交换机队列绑定* @return*/@Beanpublic Binding delayBinding(){return BindingBuilder.bind(delayQueue()).to(delayExchange()).with(RabbitMqConstants.MQ_DELAY_ROUTING_KEY);}
}

配置类+常量

package com.tianju.mq.constants;public interface RabbitMqConstants {String MQ_DELAY_QUEUE = "mq_delay_queue"; // 延迟队列，死信队列String MQ_DELAY_EXCHANGE = "mq_delay_exchange"; // 死信交换机String MQ_DELAY_ROUTING_KEY = "mq_delay_routing_key"; // 死信路由// 正常的队列，交换机，路由String MQ_NORMAL_QUEUE = "mq_normal_queue";String MQ_NORMAL_EXCHANGE = "mq_normal_exchange";String MQ_NORMAL_ROUTING_KEY = "mq_normal_routing_key";// 参数boolean durable = true;boolean exclusive = false;boolean autoDelete = false;
}

server:port: 9099spring:# 邮箱的配置mail:host: smtp.qq.comport: 587username: xxxxx.compassword: xxxxx# rabbitmq的配置rabbitmq:host: 192.168.111.130port: 5672username: adminpassword: 123# 确认收到publisher-confirm-type: correlatedpublisher-returns: truelogging:level:com.tianju.mq: debug

生产者到正常队列

package com.tianju.mq.service;public interface IUserService {/*** 延迟队列的生产者* @param msg 发送的信息* @param delayTime 延迟的时间，毫秒*/void sendDelay(String msg,int delayTime);
}

package com.tianju.mq.service.impl;import com.tianju.mq.constants.RabbitMqConstants;
import com.tianju.mq.service.IUserService;import lombok.extern.slf4j.Slf4j;
import org.springframework.amqp.core.MessageProperties;
import org.springframework.amqp.rabbit.core.RabbitTemplate;
import org.springframework.beans.factory.annotation.Autowired;
import org.springframework.stereotype.Service;import java.util.Date;@Service
@Slf4j
public class UserServiceImpl implements IUserService {@Autowiredprivate RabbitTemplate rabbitTemplate;@Overridepublic void sendDelay(String msg, int delayTime) {rabbitTemplate.convertAndSend(RabbitMqConstants.MQ_NORMAL_EXCHANGE,RabbitMqConstants.MQ_NORMAL_ROUTING_KEY,msg,process->{process.getMessageProperties().setExpiration(String.valueOf(delayTime));return process;});log.debug("[生产者：]发送消息:{},时间{},延迟{}秒",msg,new Date(),delayTime/1000);}
}

消费者进行延迟消费

package com.tianju.mq.consumer;import com.tianju.mq.constants.RabbitMqConstants;
import lombok.extern.slf4j.Slf4j;
import org.springframework.amqp.rabbit.annotation.RabbitListener;
import org.springframework.stereotype.Service;import java.util.Date;@Service
@Slf4j
public class UserConsumer {@RabbitListener(queues = RabbitMqConstants.MQ_DELAY_QUEUE)public void delayConsume(String msg){log.debug("[消费者消费信息:{},时间:{}",msg,new Date());}
}

延迟队列插件安装

访问官网

Community Plugins — RabbitMQ

进入rabbitmq docker容器

[root@localhost ~]# docker exec -it rabbitmq bash

查询插件列表是否存在延迟插件

root@6d2342d51b11:/plugins# rabbitmq-plugins list
Listing plugins with pattern ".*" ...Configured: E = explicitly enabled; e = implicitly enabled| Status: * = running on rabbit@6d2342d51b11|/
[  ] rabbitmq_amqp1_0                  3.9.11
[  ] rabbitmq_auth_backend_cache       3.9.11
[  ] rabbitmq_auth_backend_http        3.9.11
[  ] rabbitmq_auth_backend_ldap        3.9.11
[  ] rabbitmq_auth_backend_oauth2      3.9.11
[  ] rabbitmq_auth_mechanism_ssl       3.9.11
[  ] rabbitmq_consistent_hash_exchange 3.9.11
[  ] rabbitmq_event_exchange           3.9.11
[  ] rabbitmq_federation               3.9.11
[  ] rabbitmq_federation_management    3.9.11
[  ] rabbitmq_jms_topic_exchange       3.9.11
[E*] rabbitmq_management               3.9.11
[e*] rabbitmq_management_agent         3.9.11
[  ] rabbitmq_mqtt                     3.9.11
[  ] rabbitmq_peer_discovery_aws       3.9.11
[  ] rabbitmq_peer_discovery_common    3.9.11
[  ] rabbitmq_peer_discovery_consul    3.9.11
[  ] rabbitmq_peer_discovery_etcd      3.9.11
[  ] rabbitmq_peer_discovery_k8s       3.9.11
[E*] rabbitmq_prometheus               3.9.11
[  ] rabbitmq_random_exchange          3.9.11
[  ] rabbitmq_recent_history_exchange  3.9.11
[  ] rabbitmq_sharding                 3.9.11
[  ] rabbitmq_shovel                   3.9.11
[  ] rabbitmq_shovel_management        3.9.11
[  ] rabbitmq_stomp                    3.9.11
[  ] rabbitmq_stream                   3.9.11
[  ] rabbitmq_stream_management        3.9.11
[  ] rabbitmq_top                      3.9.11
[  ] rabbitmq_tracing                  3.9.11
[  ] rabbitmq_trust_store              3.9.11
[e*] rabbitmq_web_dispatch             3.9.11
[  ] rabbitmq_web_mqtt                 3.9.11
[  ] rabbitmq_web_mqtt_examples        3.9.11
[  ] rabbitmq_web_stomp                3.9.11
[  ] rabbitmq_web_stomp_examples       3.9.11

下载支持3.9.x的插件

退出容器：

root@6d2342d51b11:/plugins# exit
exit

上传到linux服务器

在/usr/local/software/下创建文件夹rabbitmq/plugins

[root@localhost software]# mkdir -p rabbitmq/plugins

拷贝插件到容器中

[root@localhost plugins]# docker cp ./rabbitmq_delayed_message_exchange-3.9.0.ez rabbitmq:/plugins

进入容器安装插件

[root@localhost plugins]# docker  exec -it rabbitmq bash
root@6d2342d51b11:/# rabbitmq-plugins enable rabbitmq_delayed_message_exchange

打开管理页面

进入Exchange页面，下拉Type看是否已经安装成功。

---

总结

1.rabbitmq队列方式的梳理，点对点，一对多；
2.发布订阅模式，交换机到消费者，以邮箱和手机验证码为例；
3.topic模式，根据规则决定发送给哪个队列；
4.rabbitmq回调确认，setConfirmCallback和setReturnsCallback；
5.死信队列，延迟队列，创建方法，正常—死信，设置延迟时间；