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ARM DIY（四）WiFi 调试

news 2025/10/29 23:47:05

文章目录

- 焊接
- 打开内核编译选项
- 重新编译内核
- 烧录 && 运行 && 测试
- 完善脚本
- 测速
- 手搓天线
- 正式天线

焊接

换个粗点的风枪嘴，让热风覆盖 RTL8823BS 整体模块，最终实现自动归位
在这里插入图片描述
焊接 SDIO 接口的上拉电阻以及复位引脚上拉电阻
硬件部分就这么多比较简单，接下来是软件部分

打开内核编译选项

搜索 RTL8723BS
在这里插入图片描述
RTL8723BS 默认关闭，不过要使能该驱动之前，需要先使能 WLAN 和 CFG80211
搜索 WLAN

使能 WLAN

搜索 CFG80211

已经被打开了，应该是使能 WLAN 时，将其联动打开了
使能 RTL8723BS

发现只能选择为 [M] 无法选择成 [*]，有了解的小伙伴可以告知下原因。我的猜测是，WiFi 接口 up 时需要将 fw 文件加载到 WiFi Chip，如果将驱动编译成内核静态模块的话，驱动初始化在文件系统挂载前，那时候还无法从文件系统中读取 fw 文件，所以索性就只让该驱动编译成动态模块，等操作系统启动完毕后由应用层手动加载，这时候就可以方便地从文件目录中读取 fw 文件发送给 WiFi Chip 了。

重新编译内核

make O=DIY_V3S/ linux-rebuild
make O=DIY_V3S/
cp DIY_V3S/images/sdcard.img ~/share/
sync

烧录 && 运行 && 测试

SD 卡烧录 sdcard.img 镜像
上电启动
安装驱动

# insmod  /lib/modules/5.3.5/kernel/drivers/staging/rtl8723bs/r8723bs.ko
[   60.289175] r8723bs: module is from the staging directory, the quality is unknown, you have been warned.
[   60.320409] RTL8723BS: module init start
[   60.326135] RTL8723BS: rtl8723bs v4.3.5.5_12290.20140916_BTCOEX20140507-4E40
[   60.335108] RTL8723BS: rtl8723bs BT-Coex version = BTCOEX20140507-4E40
[   60.386496] pnetdev = de099689
[   60.448836] RTL8723BS: rtw_ndev_init(wlan0)
[   60.456286] RTL8723BS: module init ret =0
#

驱动安装后，就会产生 wlan0 接口，但是没有 up，需要手动将其 up

# ifconfig wlan0 up
[  167.848205] rtl8723bs: acquire FW from file:rtlwifi/rtl8723bs_nic.bin
#

初次 up 时，会加载 firmware 到 WiFi Chip，fw 文件存放在 /lib/firmware/rtlwifi/

# ls /lib/firmware/rtlwifi/
rtl8712u.bin             rtl8723bs_ap_wowlan.bin  rtl8723bu_nic.bin
rtl8723aufw_A.bin        rtl8723bs_bt.bin         rtl8723bu_wowlan.bin
rtl8723aufw_B.bin        rtl8723bs_nic.bin        rtl8723fw.bin
rtl8723aufw_B_NoBT.bin   rtl8723bs_wowlan.bin     rtl8723fw_B.bin
rtl8723befw.bin          rtl8723bu_ap_wowlan.bin

查看接口

# ifconfig wlan0
wlan0     Link encap:Ethernet  HWaddr 34:C3:D2:BD:F8:81  UP BROADCAST MULTICAST  MTU:1500  Metric:1RX packets:0 errors:0 dropped:0 overruns:0 frame:0TX packets:0 errors:0 dropped:0 overruns:0 carrier:0collisions:0 txqueuelen:1000 RX bytes:0 (0.0 B)  TX bytes:0 (0.0 B)#

发现已经 up 了，接下来就让它连接家里 WiFi，
配置 wpa_supplicant.conf

# cat /etc/wpa_supplicant.conf
ap_scan=1
network={ssid="your SSID"scan_ssid=1key_mgmt=WPA-EAP WPA-PSK IEEE8021X NONEpairwise=TKIP CCMPpsk="your SSID password"priority=5
}
#

连接

# wpa_supplicant -B -c /etc/wpa_supplicant.conf -i wlan0
Successfully initialized wpa_supplicant
rfkill: Cannot open RFKILL control device
# [ 1060.759388] RTL8723BS: rtw_set_802_11_connect(wlan0)  fw_state = 0x00000008
[ 1061.055922] RTL8723BS: start auth
[ 1061.366001] RTL8723BS: auth success, start assoc
[ 1061.378898] RTL8723BS: rtw_cfg80211_indicate_connect(wlan0) BSS not found !!
[ 1061.387965] RTL8723BS: assoc success
[ 1061.398201] RTL8723BS: send eapol packet
[ 1061.428154] RTL8723BS: send eapol packet
[ 1061.442062] RTL8723BS: set pairwise key camid:4, addr:80:ea:07:c9:d6:4a, kid:0, type:AES
[ 1061.476357] RTL8723BS: set group key camid:5, addr:80:ea:07:c9:d6:4a, kid:1, type:AES# ifconfig wlan0
wlan0     Link encap:Ethernet  HWaddr 34:C3:D2:BD:F8:81  UP BROADCAST RUNNING MULTICAST  MTU:1500  Metric:1RX packets:62 errors:0 dropped:70 overruns:0 frame:0TX packets:2 errors:0 dropped:0 overruns:0 carrier:0collisions:0 txqueuelen:1000 RX bytes:14450 (14.1 KiB)  TX bytes:288 (288.0 B)#

连接成功，不过没有分配 IP 地址，手动触发 DHCP 获取 IP

# udhcpc -i wlan0
udhcpc: started, v1.36.1
udhcpc: broadcasting discover
udhcpc: broadcasting select for 192.168.31.29, server 192.168.31.1
udhcpc: lease of 192.168.31.29 obtained from 192.168.31.1, lease time 43200
deleting routers
adding dns 192.168.31.1
#

ping 外网测试

# ping baidu.com
PING baidu.com (39.156.66.10): 56 data bytes
64 bytes from 39.156.66.10: seq=0 ttl=49 time=76.509 ms
64 bytes from 39.156.66.10: seq=1 ttl=49 time=37.077 ms
64 bytes from 39.156.66.10: seq=2 ttl=49 time=41.511 ms
64 bytes from 39.156.66.10: seq=3 ttl=49 time=45.283 ms
64 bytes from 39.156.66.10: seq=4 ttl=49 time=37.318 ms
64 bytes from 39.156.66.10: seq=5 ttl=49 time=39.462 ms
^C
--- baidu.com ping statistics ---
6 packets transmitted, 6 packets received, 0% packet loss
round-trip min/avg/max = 37.077/46.193/76.509 ms
#

网络已通

完善脚本

列举上述操作

安装驱动
up interface
使用 wpa_supplicant 连接
执行 dhcp 获取 IP

如果板子每次重启后都需要手动执行上述操作，那就太麻烦了，遂将上述操作添加到启动脚本中

# cat /etc/inittab 
# /etc/inittab
。。。
# now run any rc scripts
::sysinit:/etc/init.d/rcS
::sysinit:/etc/init.d/rc.local // 添加这行
。。。
#

创建 rc.local 文件，并赋予可执行权限

# cat /etc/init.d/rc.local 
#!/bin/sh/etc/init.d/wifi_insmod_connect.sh#

创建 wifi_insmod_connect.sh 文件，并赋予可执行权限

# cat /etc/init.d/wifi_insmod_connect.sh 
#!/bin/shinsmod  /lib/modules/5.3.5/kernel/drivers/staging/rtl8723bs/r8723bs.ko
ifconfig wlan0 up
wpa_supplicant -B -c /etc/wpa_supplicant.conf -i wlan0
sleep 3s
udhcpc -i wlan0
#

重启

[    1.826283] Run /sbin/init as init process
[    1.977033] EXT4-fs (mmcblk0p2): re-mounted. Opts: (null)
[    2.471812] r8723bs: module is from the staging directory, the quality is unknown, you have been warned.
[    2.523731] RTL8723BS: module init start
[    2.529315] RTL8723BS: rtl8723bs v4.3.5.5_12290.20140916_BTCOEX20140507-4E40
[    2.538281] RTL8723BS: rtl8723bs BT-Coex version = BTCOEX20140507-4E40
[    2.568836] pnetdev = 24ff44ca
[    2.631249] RTL8723BS: rtw_ndev_init(wlan0)
[    2.638718] RTL8723BS: module init ret =0
[    2.676561] rtl8723bs: acquire FW from file:rtlwifi/rtl8723bs_nic.bin
[    5.959413] RTL8723BS: rtw_set_802_11_connect(wlan0)  fw_state = 0x00000008
[    6.247413] RTL8723BS: start auth
[    6.254599] RTL8723BS: auth success, start assoc
[    6.266249] RTL8723BS: rtw_cfg80211_indicate_connect(wlan0) BSS not found !!
[    6.275381] RTL8723BS: assoc success
[    6.285938] RTL8723BS: send eapol packet
[    6.311315] RTL8723BS: send eapol packet
[    6.325445] RTL8723BS: set pairwise key camid:4, addr:80:ea:07:c9:d6:4a, kid:0, type:AES
[    6.358530] RTL8723BS: set group key camid:5, addr:80:ea:07:c9:d6:4a, kid:1, type:AESWelcome to Buildroot for the LicheePi Zero
licheepi-zero login: [   31.843505] vcc5v0: disablingWelcome to Buildroot for the LicheePi Zero
licheepi-zero login: root
# ifconfig 
lo        Link encap:Local Loopback  inet addr:127.0.0.1  Mask:255.0.0.0UP LOOPBACK RUNNING  MTU:65536  Metric:1RX packets:0 errors:0 dropped:0 overruns:0 frame:0TX packets:0 errors:0 dropped:0 overruns:0 carrier:0collisions:0 txqueuelen:1000 RX bytes:0 (0.0 B)  TX bytes:0 (0.0 B)wlan0     Link encap:Ethernet  HWaddr 34:C3:D2:BD:F8:81  inet addr:192.168.31.29  Bcast:192.168.31.255  Mask:255.255.255.0UP BROADCAST RUNNING MULTICAST  MTU:1500  Metric:1RX packets:107 errors:0 dropped:119 overruns:0 frame:0TX packets:5 errors:0 dropped:0 overruns:0 carrier:0collisions:0 txqueuelen:1000 RX bytes:20760 (20.2 KiB)  TX bytes:1098 (1.0 KiB)# ping baidu.com
PING baidu.com (39.156.66.10): 56 data bytes
64 bytes from 39.156.66.10: seq=0 ttl=49 time=61.308 ms
64 bytes from 39.156.66.10: seq=1 ttl=49 time=44.674 ms
64 bytes from 39.156.66.10: seq=2 ttl=49 time=73.668 ms
64 bytes from 39.156.66.10: seq=3 ttl=49 time=40.631 ms
^C
--- baidu.com ping statistics ---
4 packets transmitted, 4 packets received, 0% packet loss
round-trip min/avg/max = 40.631/55.070/73.668 ms
#

可以看到，板子启动后，WiFi 已工作，网络已通。

测速

编译 iperf 测试一下网速
在这里插入图片描述

# iperf3 -s
warning: this system does not seem to support IPv6 - trying IPv4
-----------------------------------------------------------
Server listening on 5201 (test #1)
-----------------------------------------------------------
Accepted connection from 192.168.31.211, port 2642
[  5] local 192.168.31.29 port 5201 connected to 192.168.31.211 port 2643
[ ID] Interval           Transfer     Bitrate
[  5]   0.00-1.00   sec  88.4 KBytes   724 Kbits/sec                  
[  5]   1.00-2.00   sec  82.7 KBytes   677 Kbits/sec                  
[  5]   2.00-3.00   sec   168 KBytes  1.38 Mbits/sec                  
[  5]   3.00-4.00   sec   111 KBytes   911 Kbits/sec                  
[  5]   4.00-5.00   sec   111 KBytes   911 Kbits/sec                  
[  5]   5.00-6.00   sec  79.8 KBytes   654 Kbits/sec                  
[  5]   6.00-7.00   sec  92.7 KBytes   759 Kbits/sec                  
[  5]   7.00-8.00   sec  89.8 KBytes   736 Kbits/sec                  
[  5]   8.00-9.00   sec  82.7 KBytes   677 Kbits/sec                  
[  5]   9.00-10.00  sec  37.1 KBytes   304 Kbits/sec                  
[  5]  10.00-11.00  sec   104 KBytes   855 Kbits/sec                  
[  5]  11.00-11.41  sec  58.5 KBytes  1.16 Mbits/sec                  
- - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - -
[ ID] Interval           Transfer     Bitrate
[  5]   0.00-11.41  sec  1.08 MBytes   794 Kbits/sec                  receiver
-----------------------------------------------------------
Server listening on 5201 (test #2)
-----------------------------------------------------------

只有 1Mbps 。。。
哦，对了，没接天线，应该是信号不好，看下信号强度，
但是板子中并没有 wpa_cli 命令，交叉编译了一个，
又提示 CONFIG_CTRL_IFACE not defined - wpa_cli disabled，
而 wpa_supplicant.conf 中添加 ctrl_interface=/var/run/wpa_supplicant 后 wpa_supplicant 又运行不起来。。。
索性不用系统自带的 wpa_supplicant 了（应该是有点问题）。
按照之前写的一篇文章《hostapd、wpa_supplicant 交叉编译》，重新编译 wpa_supplicant ，并在 wpa_supplicant.conf 中添加

ctrl_interface=/var/run/wpa_supplicant

系统重启后查看 RSSI

# wpa_cli -i wlan0 signal_poll
RSSI=-65
LINKSPEED=150
NOISE=9999
FREQUENCY=2437

RSSI=-65 确实是信号太弱了，
买的 IPEX 座子还没到，怎么办呢？

手搓天线

那就先手撸一根天线焊上试试吧
在这里插入图片描述

# wpa_cli -i wlan0 signal_poll
RSSI=-45
LINKSPEED=150
NOISE=9999
FREQUENCY=2437

哇，RSSI 直接增强到 -45，NB
测一下速

# iperf3 -s
warning: this system does not seem to support IPv6 - trying IPv4
-----------------------------------------------------------
Server listening on 5201 (test #1)
-----------------------------------------------------------
Accepted connection from 192.168.31.211, port 14988
[  5] local 192.168.31.29 port 5201 connected to 192.168.31.211 port 14989
[ ID] Interval           Transfer     Bitrate
[  5]   0.00-1.00   sec  6.10 MBytes  51.1 Mbits/sec                  
[  5]   1.00-2.00   sec  5.56 MBytes  46.7 Mbits/sec                  
[  5]   2.00-3.00   sec  6.44 MBytes  54.0 Mbits/sec                  
[  5]   3.00-4.00   sec  6.33 MBytes  53.1 Mbits/sec                  
[  5]   4.00-5.00   sec  6.28 MBytes  52.7 Mbits/sec                  
[  5]   5.00-6.00   sec  6.05 MBytes  50.7 Mbits/sec                  
[  5]   6.00-7.00   sec  4.56 MBytes  38.2 Mbits/sec                  
[  5]   7.00-8.00   sec  7.06 MBytes  59.3 Mbits/sec                  
[  5]   8.00-9.00   sec  6.34 MBytes  53.2 Mbits/sec                  
[  5]   9.00-10.00  sec  6.53 MBytes  54.7 Mbits/sec                  
[  5]  10.00-10.89  sec  5.87 MBytes  55.7 Mbits/sec                  
- - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - -
[ ID] Interval           Transfer     Bitrate
[  5]   0.00-10.89  sec  67.1 MBytes  51.7 Mbits/sec                  receiver
-----------------------------------------------------------
Server listening on 5201 (test #2)
-----------------------------------------------------------

51Mbps，鼓掌👏👏👏

正式天线

等了两天，IPEX 座子到了，焊接，插天线
在这里插入图片描述
查看信号强度

# wpa_cli -i wlan0 signal_poll
RSSI=-45
LINKSPEED=150
NOISE=9999
FREQUENCY=2437

和我手搓的天线一样啊，也没高多少，抑或是软件最强只能显示 -45 ？？？
再测下速

# iperf3 -s
warning: this system does not seem to support IPv6 - trying IPv4
-----------------------------------------------------------
Server listening on 5201 (test #1)
-----------------------------------------------------------
Accepted connection from 192.168.31.211, port 1148
[  5] local 192.168.31.29 port 5201 connected to 192.168.31.211 port 1149
[ ID] Interval           Transfer     Bitrate
[  5]   0.00-1.00   sec  5.35 MBytes  44.9 Mbits/sec                  
[  5]   1.00-2.00   sec  6.11 MBytes  51.3 Mbits/sec                  
[  5]   2.00-3.00   sec  6.46 MBytes  54.2 Mbits/sec                  
[  5]   3.00-4.00   sec  6.38 MBytes  53.5 Mbits/sec                  
[  5]   4.00-5.00   sec  5.64 MBytes  47.4 Mbits/sec                  
[  5]   5.00-6.00   sec  5.86 MBytes  49.2 Mbits/sec                  
[  5]   6.00-7.00   sec  6.26 MBytes  52.4 Mbits/sec                  
[  5]   7.00-8.00   sec  5.18 MBytes  43.5 Mbits/sec                  
[  5]   8.00-9.00   sec  5.96 MBytes  50.0 Mbits/sec                  
[  5]   9.00-10.00  sec  5.97 MBytes  50.1 Mbits/sec                  
[  5]  10.00-10.86  sec  5.70 MBytes  56.0 Mbits/sec                  
- - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - -
[ ID] Interval           Transfer     Bitrate
[  5]   0.00-10.86  sec  64.9 MBytes  50.1 Mbits/sec                  receiver
-----------------------------------------------------------
Server listening on 5201 (test #2)
-----------------------------------------------------------

也是 50Mbps 左右嘛。。。说明我手搓的天线性能还是挺好的。

至此，WiFi 调试 OK