【Spring Cloud】如何确定微服务项目的Spring Boot、Spring Cloud、Spring Cloud Alibaba的版本

本文描述如何确定微服务项目的Spring Boot、Spring Cloud、Spring Cloud Alibaba的版本。

1. 版本选择

我们知道Spring Boot、Spring Cloud、Spring Cloud Alibaba的版本选择一致性非常重要。在选择Spring Boot和Spring Cloud版本时，需要考虑到两者之间的关系以及项目的具体需求。

首先，Spring Boot和Spring Cloud有密切的联系。Spring Boot是Spring Cloud的基础，版本选择应该先确定Spring Boot的版本，然后再选择与之兼容的Spring Cloud版本。

3者的版本选择可以参考：Spring Cloud Alibaba版本选择参考。简单起见也可以使用阿里巴巴提供的云原生应用脚手架

其他版本参考：https://sca.aliyun.com/zh-cn/docs/2022.0.0.0/overview/version-explain（先选择Spring Boot版本）

2. 用脚手架快速生成微服务的pom.xml

• 访问https://start.aliyun.com/

• 填写项目的基本信息

3、选择了3个组件，一个来自Spring Cloud，一个来自Spring Cloud Alibaba，所以会帮我们在pom.xml文件中引入2个框架的依赖。

• 可以选择下载代码或在线浏览代码。我这里把pom.xml文件的内容贴出来。

原始内容如下：

<?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8"?>
<project xmlns="http://maven.apache.org/POM/4.0.0" xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance"xsi:schemaLocation="http://maven.apache.org/POM/4.0.0 https://maven.apache.org/xsd/maven-4.0.0.xsd"><modelVersion>4.0.0</modelVersion><groupId>com.firefish</groupId><artifactId>firefish</artifactId><version>0.0.1-SNAPSHOT</version><packaging>pom</packaging><name>FireFish</name><description>火鱼微服务项目</description><properties><java.version>1.8</java.version><project.build.sourceEncoding>UTF-8</project.build.sourceEncoding><project.reporting.outputEncoding>UTF-8</project.reporting.outputEncoding><spring-boot.version>2.7.6</spring-boot.version><spring-cloud-alibaba.version>2021.0.5.0</spring-cloud-alibaba.version><spring-cloud.version>2021.0.5</spring-cloud.version></properties><modules><module>FireFish-start</module><module>FireFish-web</module><module>FireFish-service</module></modules><dependencies><dependency><groupId>org.springframework.boot</groupId><artifactId>spring-boot-starter-web</artifactId></dependency><dependency><groupId>com.alibaba.cloud</groupId><artifactId>spring-cloud-starter-alibaba-nacos-discovery</artifactId></dependency><dependency><groupId>org.springframework.cloud</groupId><artifactId>spring-cloud-starter-netflix-eureka-client</artifactId></dependency><dependency><groupId>org.springframework.boot</groupId><artifactId>spring-boot-starter-test</artifactId><scope>test</scope></dependency></dependencies><dependencyManagement><dependencies><dependency><groupId>org.springframework.cloud</groupId><artifactId>spring-cloud-dependencies</artifactId><version>${spring-cloud.version}</version><type>pom</type><scope>import</scope></dependency><dependency><groupId>org.springframework.boot</groupId><artifactId>spring-boot-dependencies</artifactId><version>${spring-boot.version}</version><type>pom</type><scope>import</scope></dependency><dependency><groupId>com.alibaba.cloud</groupId><artifactId>spring-cloud-alibaba-dependencies</artifactId><version>${spring-cloud-alibaba.version}</version><type>pom</type><scope>import</scope></dependency><dependency><groupId>com.firefish</groupId><artifactId>FireFish-start</artifactId><version>0.0.1-SNAPSHOT</version></dependency><dependency><groupId>com.firefish</groupId><artifactId>FireFish-web</artifactId><version>0.0.1-SNAPSHOT</version></dependency><dependency><groupId>com.firefish</groupId><artifactId>FireFish-service</artifactId><version>0.0.1-SNAPSHOT</version></dependency></dependencies></dependencyManagement><build><plugins><plugin><groupId>org.apache.maven.plugins</groupId><artifactId>maven-compiler-plugin</artifactId><version>3.8.1</version><configuration><source>1.8</source><target>1.8</target><encoding>UTF-8</encoding></configuration></plugin><plugin><groupId>org.springframework.boot</groupId><artifactId>spring-boot-maven-plugin</artifactId><version>${spring-boot.version}</version><configuration><mainClass>com.firefish.FireFishApplication</mainClass><skip>true</skip></configuration><executions><execution><id>repackage</id><goals><goal>repackage</goal></goals></execution></executions></plugin></plugins></build></project>

由于有些内容我们暂时用不到，这里主要是为了帮我们解决版本的选择问题，所以下面我们只保留了元素，且强制给子模块添加了lombok、spring测试框架，所以最终的父项目的pom.xml内容如下：

<?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8"?>
<project xmlns="http://maven.apache.org/POM/4.0.0" xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance"xsi:schemaLocation="http://maven.apache.org/POM/4.0.0 https://maven.apache.org/xsd/maven-4.0.0.xsd"><modelVersion>4.0.0</modelVersion><groupId>com.firefish</groupId><artifactId>firefish</artifactId><version>1.0.0</version><packaging>pom</packaging><name>FireFish</name><description>火鱼微服务项目</description><properties><java.version>1.8</java.version><project.build.sourceEncoding>UTF-8</project.build.sourceEncoding><project.reporting.outputEncoding>UTF-8</project.reporting.outputEncoding><spring-boot.version>2.7.6</spring-boot.version><spring-cloud-alibaba.version>2021.0.5.0</spring-cloud-alibaba.version><spring-cloud.version>2021.0.5</spring-cloud.version></properties><!-- 为子项目强制引入lombok和test测试框架 --><dependencies><dependency><groupId>org.projectlombok</groupId><artifactId>lombok</artifactId><optional>true</optional></dependency><dependency><groupId>org.springframework.boot</groupId><artifactId>spring-boot-starter-test</artifactId><scope>test</scope></dependency></dependencies><!-- 版本依赖 --><dependencyManagement><dependencies><dependency><groupId>org.springframework.cloud</groupId><artifactId>spring-cloud-dependencies</artifactId><version>${spring-cloud.version}</version><type>pom</type><scope>import</scope></dependency><dependency><groupId>org.springframework.boot</groupId><artifactId>spring-boot-dependencies</artifactId><version>${spring-boot.version}</version><type>pom</type><scope>import</scope></dependency><dependency><groupId>com.alibaba.cloud</groupId><artifactId>spring-cloud-alibaba-dependencies</artifactId><version>${spring-cloud-alibaba.version}</version><type>pom</type><scope>import</scope></dependency></dependencies></dependencyManagement><!-- 打包配置 --><build><plugins><plugin><groupId>org.apache.maven.plugins</groupId><artifactId>maven-compiler-plugin</artifactId><version>3.8.1</version><configuration><source>1.8</source><target>1.8</target><encoding>UTF-8</encoding></configuration></plugin><plugin><groupId>org.springframework.boot</groupId><artifactId>spring-boot-maven-plugin</artifactId><version>${spring-boot.version}</version><configuration><mainClass>com.firefish.FireFishApplication</mainClass><skip>true</skip></configuration><executions><execution><id>repackage</id><goals><goal>repackage</goal></goals></execution></executions></plugin></plugins></build></project>

• 至此由于pom.xml的建立，微服务的父工程已经建立好

3. 创建一个父工程

4. 代码地址

父工程的初始化（FireFish-ParentInit）：https://gitee.com/firefish985/FireFish/releases/tag/v1.0.0