Ubuntu下使用DAPLink（OpenOCD）

目录

1. 下载OpenOCD源代码

2. 编译代码

2.1 运行bootstrap

 2.2 安装关联库

2.3 运行./configure

2.4 运行make

2.5 运行sudo make install

3. 烧录程序

3.1 挂起MCU

3.2 写入镜像

3.3 校验镜像

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通过OpenOCD实现，在Ubuntu18 64bit下验证。

1. 下载OpenOCD源代码

OpenOCD对应的官网：

Open On-Chip Debugger (openocd.org)https://openocd.org/点击“Getting OpenOCD”，找到Source Code字段，红色字体链接都可以转到源代码的网站。

 以官方的网站为例（sourceforge）：

左侧选择版本，然后点击Download即可

git clone https://git.code.sf.net/p/openocd/code openocd-code

2. 编译代码

终端进入下载的OpenOCD文件夹。

2.1 运行bootstrap

./bootstrap

 提示错误

configure.ac:32: error: Macro PKG_PROG_PKG_CONFIG is not available. It is usually defined in file pkg.m4 provided by package pkg-config.

安装pkg-config

sudo apt-get install pkg-config

新的错误：

./bootstrap: 41: git: not found

安装git

sudo apt-get install git

还是提示错误，改为git pull下来工程。

 2.2 安装关联库

运行./configure可以看到很多关联库需要安装。

configure: WARNING: libusb-1.x not found, trying legacy libusb-0.1 as a fallback; consider installing libusb-1.x insteadchecking for capstone... nochecking for hidapi... nochecking for hidapi-hidraw... nochecking for hidapi-libusb... nochecking for libftdi1... nochecking for libftdi... nochecking for libgpiod... nochecking for libjaylink >= 0.2... no

而且配置完后提示的功能都不支持：

OpenOCD configuration summary--------------------------------------------------MPSSE mode of FTDI based devices        noST-Link Programmer                      noTI ICDI JTAG Programmer                 noKeil ULINK JTAG Programmer              noAltera USB-Blaster II Compatible        noBitbang mode of FT232R based devices    noVersaloon-Link JTAG Programmer          noTI XDS110 Debug Probe                   noCMSIS-DAP v2 Compliant Debugger         noOSBDM (JTAG only) Programmer            noeStick/opendous JTAG Programmer         noOlimex ARM-JTAG-EW Programmer           noRaisonance RLink JTAG Programmer        noUSBProg JTAG Programmer                 noEspressif JTAG Programmer               noCMSIS-DAP Compliant Debugger            noNu-Link Programmer                      noCypress KitProg Programmer              noAltera USB-Blaster Compatible           noASIX Presto Adapter                     noOpenJTAG Adapter                        noLinux GPIO bitbang through libgpiod     noSEGGER J-Link Programmer                noBus Pirate                              yes (auto)Use Capstone disassembly framework      no

安装对应的库：

sudo apt-install libusb-1.0-0-dev
sudo apt-get install libcapstone-dev
sudo apt-get install libhidapi-dev
sudo apt-get install libgpiod-dev
sudo apt-get install libftdi-dev
sudo apt-get install libftdi1-dev
sudo apt-get install libjaylink-dev

2.3 运行./configure

这时候所有的配置都为yes了。

2.4 运行make

2.5 运行sudo make install

安装完成后运行openocd -v确认是否安装成功。

Open On-Chip Debugger 0.12.0+dev-00271-g2c57d11c7 (2023-07-18-10:25)Licensed under GNU GPL v2For bug reports, readhttp://openocd.org/doc/doxygen/bugs.html

3. 烧录程序

拷贝配置文件到hex文件所在的文件夹，配置文件相对路径如下：

openocd-code-v0.12.0/openocd-code/tcl/interface/cmsis-dap.cfg

在hex文件所在文件夹运行：

sudo openocd -f cmsis-dap.cfg

提示错误(这个错误是虚拟机的问题)：

Error: unable to find a matching CMSIS-DAP device

先使用lsusb看一下USB设备，没有对应的USB设备。

安装VBOX的增强功能，然后在VBox中选择USB3.0（如果设备插入的是3.0的接口） 

再次运行openocd:

Open On-Chip Debugger 0.12.0+dev-00271-g2c57d11c7 (2023-07-18-10:25)Licensed under GNU GPL v2For bug reports, readhttp://openocd.org/doc/doxygen/bugs.htmlInfo : Listening on port 6666 for tcl connectionsInfo : Listening on port 4444 for telnet connectionsWarn : An adapter speed is not selected in the init scripts. OpenOCD will try to run the adapter at very low speed (100 kHz).Warn : To remove this warnings and achieve reasonable communication speed with the target, set "adapter speed" or "jtag_rclk" in the init scripts.Info : CMSIS-DAP: SWD supportedInfo : CMSIS-DAP: Atomic commands supportedInfo : CMSIS-DAP: FW Version = 2.0.0Error: CMSIS-DAP: JTAG not supported

拷贝board的配置文件：

openocd-code/tcl/board/stm32f103c8_blue_pill.cfg

并将文件名改为stm32f103c8.cfg，打开编辑，可以看到关联另外一个cfg文件，将这个文件也拷贝过来，将这个文件的路径改为当前路径：

source [find stm32f1x.cfg]

运行

sudo openocd -f cmsis-dap.cfg -f stm32f103c8.cfg

结果如下：

Info : auto-selecting first available session transport "swd". To override use 'transport select <transport>'.Info : Listening on port 6666 for tcl connectionsInfo : Listening on port 4444 for telnet connectionsInfo : CMSIS-DAP: SWD supportedInfo : CMSIS-DAP: Atomic commands supportedInfo : CMSIS-DAP: FW Version = 2.0.0Info : CMSIS-DAP: Interface Initialised (SWD)Info : SWCLK/TCK = 1 SWDIO/TMS = 1 TDI = 0 TDO = 0 nTRST = 1 nRESET = 1Info : CMSIS-DAP: Interface readyInfo : clock speed 1000 kHzInfo : SWD DPIDR 0x1ba01477Info : [stm32f1x.cpu] Cortex-M3 r1p1 processor detectedInfo : [stm32f1x.cpu] target has 6 breakpoints, 4 watchpointsInfo : starting gdb server for stm32f1x.cpu on 3333Info : Listening on port 3333 for gdb connections

此时已经处于gdb链接状态，需要另外开一个终端运行

telnet localhost 4444

OpenOCD会监听本机的4444端口，通过telnet登录上去，之后就可以控制OpenOCD干些什么了。

Trying 127.0.0.1...Connected to localhost.Escape character is '^]'.Open On-Chip Debugger> 

后续的操作即在这个终端中输入对应的命令。 

3.1 挂起MCU

输入halt挂起MCU，相当于关机，不执行halt，无法把程序写入MCU。

> halt[stm32f1x.cpu] halted due to debug-request, current mode: Thread xPSR: 0x81000000 pc: 0x0800046c msp: 0x20004ff8

3.2 写入镜像

> flash write_image erase stm32f10x.hex Adding extra erase range, 0x08004c6c .. 0x08004fffauto erase enabledwrote 19564 bytes from file stm32f10x.hex in 2.569553s (7.435 KiB/s)

3.3 校验镜像

> flash verify_image stm32f10x.hexverified 19564 bytes from file stm32f10x.hex in 0.124474s (153.490 KiB/s)

除了命令的方式，也可以通过运行脚本的方式。

新建一个program.sh的脚本文件，编辑加入：

#!/bin/bashecho "OpenOCD-program stm32f103"openocd -f cmsis-dap.cfg \-f stm32f103c8.cfg \-c "program stm32f10x.hex verify reset exit"

文件属性那里改为“允许执行文件”，在终端中运行：

sudo ./program.sh

结果如下：

Info : auto-selecting first available session transport "swd". To override use 'transport select <transport>'.Info : CMSIS-DAP: SWD supportedInfo : CMSIS-DAP: Atomic commands supportedInfo : CMSIS-DAP: FW Version = 2.0.0Info : CMSIS-DAP: Interface Initialised (SWD)Info : SWCLK/TCK = 1 SWDIO/TMS = 1 TDI = 0 TDO = 1 nTRST = 1 nRESET = 1Info : CMSIS-DAP: Interface readyInfo : clock speed 1000 kHzInfo : SWD DPIDR 0x1ba01477Info : [stm32f1x.cpu] Cortex-M3 r1p1 processor detectedInfo : [stm32f1x.cpu] target has 6 breakpoints, 4 watchpointsInfo : starting gdb server for stm32f1x.cpu on 3333Info : Listening on port 3333 for gdb connections[stm32f1x.cpu] halted due to debug-request, current mode: Thread xPSR: 0x01000000 pc: 0xfffffffe msp: 0xfffffffc** Programming Started **Info : device id = 0x20036410Info : ignoring flash probed value, using configured bank sizeInfo : flash size = 128 KiBWarn : Adding extra erase range, 0x08004c6c .. 0x08004fff** Programming Finished **** Verify Started **** Verified OK **** Resetting Target **shutdown command invoked