java操作HBase

创建一个学生信息表，用来存储学生的姓名（姓名作为行键，且假设姓名不会重复）以及考试成绩，其中考试成绩（score）是一个列族，存储了各个科目的考试成绩。然后向student中添加数据

1、HBase依赖

<dependency><groupId>org.apache.hbase</groupId><artifactId>hbase-server</artifactId><version>2.2.0</version>
</dependency>
<dependency><groupId>org.apache.hbase</groupId><artifactId>hbase-client</artifactId><version>2.2.0</version>
</dependency>

2、HBase数据源

package com.example.demo.config;import com.example.demo.service.ICodeService;
import org.springframework.beans.factory.annotation.Autowired;
import org.springframework.boot.ApplicationArguments;
import org.springframework.boot.ApplicationRunner;
import org.springframework.core.annotation.Order;
import org.springframework.stereotype.Component;import java.util.HashMap;
import java.util.List;
import java.util.Map;@Component
@Order(1) 
public class NmsHBaseSource implements ApplicationRunner {// 管理HBase的配置信息public static Configuration conf;// 管理HBase的连接public static Connection conn;// 管理HBase数据库的连接public static Admin admin;@Overridepublic void run(ApplicationArguments args) throws Exception {conf = HBaseConfiguration.create();System.setProperty("HADOOP_USER_NAME", "hadoop");conf.set("HADOOP_USER_NAME", "hadoop");conf.set("hbase.root.dir", "hdfs://master:9000/hbase");conf.set("hbase.zookeeper.quorum", "master");//配置Zookeeper的ip地址conf.set("hbase.zookeeper.property.clientPort", "2181");//配置zookeeper的端口conn = ConnectionFactory.createConnection(conf);admin = conn.getAdmin();}/*** 关闭所有连接** @throws IOException 可能出现的异常*/public static void close() throws IOException {if (admin != null)admin.close();if (conn != null)conn.close();}/*** 创建表* @param myTableName 表名* @param colFamily 列族名的数组* @throws IOException 可能出现的异常*/public static void createTable(String myTableName, String[] colFamily) throws IOException {TableName tableName = TableName.valueOf(myTableName);if (admin.tableExists(tableName)) {logger.info(myTableName + "表已经存在");} else {//HTableDescriptor hTableDescriptor = new HTableDescriptor(tableName);//for (String str : colFamily) {// HColumnDescriptor hColumnDescriptor = new HColumnDescriptor(str);// hTableDescriptor.addFamily(hColumnDescriptor);//}//admin.createTable(hTableDescriptor);TableDescriptorBuilder tableDescriptor = TableDescriptorBuilder.newBuilder(tableName);    for (String str : colFamily) {ColumnFamilyDescriptor columnFamily = ColumnFamilyDescriptorBuilder.newBuilder(Bytes.toBytes(str)).build();// 构建列族对象                 tableDescriptor.setColumnFamily(columnFamily); // 设置列族}admin.createTable(tableDescriptor.build()); // 创建表}}/*** 添加数据* @param tableName 表名* @param rowkey 行键* @param colFamily 列族* @param col 列* @param value 值* @throws IOException 可能出现的异常*/public static void insertData(String tableName,String rowkey,String colFamily,String col,String value) throws IOException {Table table = conn.getTable(TableName.valueOf(tableName));Put put = new Put(rowkey.getBytes());put.addColumn(colFamily.getBytes(),col.getBytes(),value.getBytes());table.put(put);table.close();}/*** 根据行键删除数据* @param tableName 表名* @param rowkey 行键* @throws IOException 可能出现的异常*/public static void deleteData(String tableName,String rowkey) throws IOException {Table table = conn.getTable(TableName.valueOf(tableName));Delete delete = new Delete(rowkey.getBytes());table.delete(delete);table.close();}/*** 获取数据* @param tableName 表名* @param rowkey 行键* @param colFamily 列族* @param col 列* @throws IOException 可能出现的异常*/public static void getData(String tableName,String rowkey,String colFamily,String col) throws IOException {Table table = conn.getTable(TableName.valueOf(tableName));Get get = new Get(rowkey.getBytes());get.addColumn(colFamily.getBytes(),col.getBytes());Result result = table.get(get);System.out.println(new String(result.getValue(colFamily.getBytes(),col.getBytes())));table.close();}public static void main(String[] args) throws IOException {init();createTable("student",new String[]{"score"});insertData("student","zhangsan","score","English","69");insertData("student","zhangsan","score","Math","86");insertData("student","zhangsan","score","Computer","77");getData("student","zhangsan","score","Computer");close();}
}

3、Hbase过滤器查询

过滤器可以分为两种：比较过滤器和专用过滤器

比较过滤器 

LESS —— 小于

LESS_OR_EQUAL —— 小于等于

EQUAL —— 等于

NOT_EQUAL —— 不等于

GREATER_OR_EQUAL —— 大于等于

GREATER —— 大于

NO_OP —— 排除所有

专用过滤器

BinaryComparator —— 匹配完整字节数组，Bytes.compareTo(byte[])

BinaryPrefixComparator —— 匹配字节数组前缀
NullComparator —— 判断给定的是否为空
BitComparator —— 按位比较
RegexStringComparator —— 提供一个正则的比较器，仅支持 EQUAL 和非EQUAL
SubstringComparator —— 判断提供的子串是否出现在value中

• 3.1、ResultScanner结果处理handleResultScanner

/***	ResultScanner结果解析*/
public void handleResultScanner(ResultScanner scanner) throws IOException {//因为ResultScanner类继承了迭代器//使用增强for循环遍历for (Result rs : scanner) {String id = Bytes.toString(rs.getRow());System.out.println("当前行的rowkey为：" + id);//继续增强for循环得到每一行中的每一个单元格（列）//获取一行中的所有单元格for (Cell cell : rs.listCells()) {//获取该单元格属于的列簇String family = Bytes.toString(CellUtil.cloneFamily(cell));//获取该单元格的列名String colName = Bytes.toString(CellUtil.cloneQualifier(cell));//获取该单元格的列值String value = Bytes.toString(CellUtil.cloneValue(cell));System.out.println(family + ":" + colName + "的值为：" + value);}
​String name = Bytes.toString(rs.getValue("info".getBytes(), "name".getBytes()));String age = Bytes.toString(rs.getValue("info".getBytes(), "age".getBytes()));String gender = Bytes.toString(rs.getValue("info".getBytes(), "gender".getBytes()));String clazz = Bytes.toString(rs.getValue("info".getBytes(), "clazz".getBytes()));System.out.println("学号：" + id + ",姓名：" + name + ",年龄：" + age + ",性别：" + gender + ",班级：" + clazz);}

3.2、rowKey过滤器RowFilter

/***  行键过滤器*  通过RowFilter与BinaryComparator过滤比rowKey 1500100010小的所有值出来*/
@Test
public void RowFilter1(){try {//获取表的实例TableName students = TableName.valueOf("students");Table studentTable = conn.getTable(students);
​BinaryComparator binaryComparator = new BinaryComparator("1500100010".getBytes());
​//创建一个行键过滤器的对象RowFilter rowFilter = new RowFilter(CompareOperator.LESS, binaryComparator);
​Scan scan = new Scan();scan.setFilter(rowFilter);
​ResultScanner scanner = studentTable.getScanner(scan);handleResultScanner(scanner);
​} catch (IOException e) {e.printStackTrace();}
}

3.3、列族过滤器FamilyFilter

/*** 	通过FamilyFilter与SubstringComparator查询列簇名包含in的所有列簇下面的数据*/
@Test
public void FamilyFilter1(){try {//获取表的实例TableName students = TableName.valueOf("students");Table studentTable = conn.getTable(students);
​//创建一个比较器对象//只要列簇名中包含了in，就把该列簇下的所有列查询出来SubstringComparator substringComparator = new SubstringComparator("in");
​//创建列簇过滤器FamilyFilter familyFilter = new FamilyFilter(CompareOperator.EQUAL, substringComparator);
​Scan scan = new Scan();scan.setFilter(familyFilter);
​//获取数据ResultScanner scanner = studentTable.getScanner(scan);handleResultScanner(scanner);
​
​} catch (IOException e) {e.printStackTrace();}
}/***	通过FamilyFilter与 BinaryPrefixComparator 过滤出列簇以i开头的列簇下的所有数据**/
@Test
public void FamilyFilter2(){try {//获取表的实例TableName students = TableName.valueOf("students");Table studentTable = conn.getTable(students);
​//创建前缀比较器BinaryPrefixComparator binaryPrefixComparator = new BinaryPrefixComparator("i".getBytes());
​//创建列簇过滤器FamilyFilter familyFilter = new FamilyFilter(CompareOperator.EQUAL, binaryPrefixComparator);
​Scan scan = new Scan();scan.setFilter(familyFilter);
​ResultScanner scanner = studentTable.getScanner(scan);handleResultScanner(scanner);
​} catch (IOException e) {e.printStackTrace();}
}

3.4、列过滤器QualifierFilter

/*** 通过QualifierFilter与SubstringComparator查询列名包含ge的列的值**/
@Test
public void QualifierFilter1(){try {//获取表的实例TableName students = TableName.valueOf("students");Table studentTable = conn.getTable(students);
​//创建包含比较器//age//genderSubstringComparator substringComparator = new SubstringComparator("ge");
​//创建一个列过滤器QualifierFilter qualifierFilter = new QualifierFilter(CompareOperator.EQUAL, substringComparator);
​Scan scan = new Scan();scan.setFilter(qualifierFilter);
​ResultScanner scanner = studentTable.getScanner(scan);handleResultScanner(scanner);
​
​} catch (IOException e) {e.printStackTrace();}
}/**** 通过QualifierFilter与SubstringComparator查询列名包含ge的列的值*/
@Test
public void QualifierFilter2(){try {//获取表的实例TableName students = TableName.valueOf("students");Table studentTable = conn.getTable(students);
​SubstringComparator substringComparator = new SubstringComparator("am");
​//创建列过滤器QualifierFilter qualifierFilter = new QualifierFilter(CompareOperator.EQUAL, substringComparator);
​Scan scan = new Scan();scan.setFilter(qualifierFilter);
​ResultScanner scanner = studentTable.getScanner(scan);handleResultScanner(scanner);
​} catch (IOException e) {e.printStackTrace();}
}

3.5、列值过滤器ValueFilter

/***	通过ValueFilter与BinaryPrefixComparator过滤出所有的cell中值以 "张" 开头的学生*/
@Test
public void ValueFilter1() {try {//获取表的实例TableName students = TableName.valueOf("students");Table studentTable = conn.getTable(students);
​//创建前缀比较器BinaryPrefixComparator binaryPrefixComparator = new BinaryPrefixComparator("张".getBytes());
​//创建列值过滤器的对象ValueFilter valueFilter = new ValueFilter(CompareOperator.EQUAL, binaryPrefixComparator);
​Scan scan = new Scan();scan.setFilter(valueFilter);
​ResultScanner scanner = studentTable.getScanner(scan);
​//因为ResultScanner类继承了迭代器//使用增强for循环遍历
//            for (Result rs : scanner) {
//                String id = Bytes.toString(rs.getRow());
//                System.out.println("当前行的rowkey为：" + id);
//                //继续增强for循环得到每一行中的每一个单元格（列）
//                //获取一行中的所有单元格
//                for (Cell cell : rs.listCells()) {
//                    //获取该单元格属于的列簇
//                    String family = Bytes.toString(CellUtil.cloneFamily(cell));
//                    //获取该单元格的列名
//                    String colName = Bytes.toString(CellUtil.cloneQualifier(cell));
//                    //获取该单元格的列值
//                    String value = Bytes.toString(CellUtil.cloneValue(cell));
//                    System.out.println(family + ":" + colName + "的值为：" + value);
//                }
//            }
​handleResultScanner(scanner);} catch (IOException e) {e.printStackTrace();}
}/***	过滤出文科的学生，只会返回以文科开头的数据列，其他列的数据不符合条件，不会返回*/
@Test
public void ValueFilter12(){try {//获取表的实例HTableInterface students = conn.getTable("students");
​//创建正则比较器RegexStringComparator regexStringComparator = new RegexStringComparator("^文科.*");
​//创建列值过滤器ValueFilter valueFilter = new ValueFilter(CompareFilter.CompareOp.EQUAL, regexStringComparator);
​Scan scan = new Scan();scan.setFilter(valueFilter);
​ResultScanner scanner = students.getScanner(scan);handleResultScanner(scanner);
​
​} catch (IOException e) {e.printStackTrace();}
}

3.6、单列值过滤器 SingleColumnValueFilter

/*** 单列值过滤器* SingleColumnValueFilter会返回满足条件的cell所在行的所有cell的值（即会返回一行数据）** 通过SingleColumnValueFilter与查询文科班所有学生信息*/
@Test
public void SingleColumnValueFilter(){try {//获取表的实例TableName students = TableName.valueOf("students");Table studentTable = conn.getTable(students);
​//创建一个正则比较器RegexStringComparator regexStringComparator = new RegexStringComparator("^文科.*");
​//创建单列值过滤器对象SingleColumnValueFilter singleColumnValueFilter = new SingleColumnValueFilter("info".getBytes(),"clazz".getBytes(),CompareOperator.EQUAL,regexStringComparator);
​Scan scan = new Scan();scan.setFilter(singleColumnValueFilter);
​ResultScanner scanner = studentTable.getScanner(scan);handleResultScanner(scanner);
​
​} catch (IOException e) {e.printStackTrace();}
}

3.7、列值排除过滤器SingleColumnValueExcludeFilter

/*** 列值排除过滤器* 与SingleColumnValueFilter相反，会排除掉指定的列，其他的列全部返回** 通过SingleColumnValueExcludeFilter与BinaryComparator查询文科一班所有学生信息，最终不返回clazz列*/
@Test
public void SingleColumnValueExcludeFilter(){try {//获取表的实例TableName students = TableName.valueOf("students");Table studentTable = conn.getTable(students);
​//创建一个二进制比较器BinaryComparator binaryComparator = new BinaryComparator("文科一班".getBytes());
​//创建一个列值排除过滤器SingleColumnValueExcludeFilter singleColumnValueExcludeFilter = new SingleColumnValueExcludeFilter("info".getBytes(),"clazz".getBytes(),CompareOperator.EQUAL,binaryComparator);
​Scan scan = new Scan();scan.setFilter(singleColumnValueExcludeFilter);
​ResultScanner scanner = studentTable.getScanner(scan);handleResultScanner(scanner);
​
​} catch (IOException e) {e.printStackTrace();}
}

3.8、rowKey前缀过滤器PrefixFilter

/*** rowkey前缀过滤器** 通过PrefixFilter查询以150010008开头的所有前缀的rowkey*/
@Test
public void PrefixFilter(){try {//获取表的实例TableName students = TableName.valueOf("students");Table studentTable = conn.getTable(students);
​//创建rowkey前缀过滤器PrefixFilter prefixFilter = new PrefixFilter("150010008".getBytes());Scan scan = new Scan();
​scan.setFilter(prefixFilter);ResultScanner scanner = studentTable.getScanner(scan);handleResultScanner(scanner);
​
​} catch (IOException e) {e.printStackTrace();}
​
}

3.9、分页过滤器PageFilter

/*** 分页过滤器* 分页有两个条件* pageNum  第几页* pageSize 每页有几条*/
@Test
public void pageFilter() throws IOException {int pageNum = 3;int pageSize = 2;/*分为两种情况判断：第一页其他页*/if (pageNum == 1){Scan scan = new Scan();//设置起始rowKeyscan.setStartRow("".getBytes());//设置最大的返回结果，返回pageSize条scan.setMaxResultSize(pageSize);//分页过滤器PageFilter pageFilter = new PageFilter(pageSize);scan.setFilter(pageFilter);ResultScanner resultScanner = table.getScanner(scan);for (Result result : resultScanner) {byte[] row = result.getRow();System.out.println("数据的rowKey为" + Bytes.toString(row));List<Cell> cells = result.listCells();for (Cell cell : cells) {byte[] qualifier = cell.getQualifier();byte[] family = cell.getFamily();byte[] value = cell.getValue();//id列和age列是整型数据if ("f1".equals(Bytes.toString(family)) && "id".equals(Bytes.toString(qualifier)) || "age".equals(Bytes.toString(value))){System.out.println("列族为"+Bytes.toString(family)+"列名为"+Bytes.toString(qualifier)+"列值为"+Bytes.toInt(value));} else {System.out.println("列族为"+Bytes.toString(family)+"列名为"+Bytes.toString(qualifier)+"列值为"+Bytes.toString(value));}}}} else {String startRow = "";Scan scan = new Scan();/*第二页的起始rowKey = 第一页的结束rowKey + 1第三页的起始rowKey = 第二页的结束rowKey + 1*/int resultSize = (pageNum - 1) * pageSize + 1;scan.setMaxResultSize(resultSize);//设置一次性往前扫描5条，最后一个rowKey是第三页起始rowKeyPageFilter pageFilter = new PageFilter(resultSize);scan.setFilter(pageFilter);//resultScanner里面有5条数据ResultScanner scanner = table.getScanner(scan);for (Result result : scanner) {//获取rowKeybyte[] row = result.getRow();//最后一次循环遍历 rowKey为0005startRow = Bytes.toString(row);}Scan scan1 = new Scan();scan1.setStartRow(startRow.getBytes());scan1.setMaxResultSize(pageSize);PageFilter pageFilter1 = new PageFilter(pageSize);scan1.setFilter(pageFilter1);ResultScanner scanner1 = table.getScanner(scan1);for (Result result : scanner1) {byte[] row = result.getRow();System.out.println("数据的rowKey为" + Bytes.toString(row));List<Cell> cells = result.listCells();for (Cell cell : cells) {// byte[] qualifier = cell.getQualifier();// byte[] family = cell.getFamily();// byte[] value = cell.getValue();String family = Bytes.toString(CellUtil.cloneFamily(cell));//获取该单元格的列名String colName = Bytes.toString(CellUtil.cloneQualifier(cell));//获取该单元格的列值String value = Bytes.toString(CellUtil.cloneValue(cell));//id列和age列是整型数据if ("f1".equals(Bytes.toString(family)) && "id".equals(Bytes.toString(qualifier)) || "age".equals(Bytes.toString(value))){System.out.println("列族为"+Bytes.toString(family)+"列名为"+Bytes.toString(qualifier)+"列值为"+Bytes.toInt(value));} else {System.out.println("列族为"+Bytes.toString(family)+"列名为"+Bytes.toString(qualifier)+"列值为"+Bytes.toString(value));}}}}
}

3.10、多过滤器综合查询FilterList

/*** 通过运用4种比较器过滤出姓于，年纪大于23岁，性别为女，且是理科的学生。** 正则比较器   RegexStringComparator* 包含比较器   SubstringComparator* 二进制前缀比较器   BinaryPrefixComparator* 二进制比较器      BinaryComparator**/
@Test
public void FilterData1(){try {//获取表的实例TableName students = TableName.valueOf("students");Table studentTable = conn.getTable(students);
​/***  第一个过滤器，过滤出是理科开头的班级*/RegexStringComparator regexStringComparator = new RegexStringComparator("^理科.*");//单列值过滤器SingleColumnValueFilter singleColumnValueFilter = new SingleColumnValueFilter("info".getBytes(), "clazz".getBytes(),CompareOperator.EQUAL, regexStringComparator);
​/*** 第二个过滤器，过滤出性别是女生的*/
​SubstringComparator substringComparator = new SubstringComparator("女");SingleColumnValueFilter singleColumnValueFilter1 = new SingleColumnValueFilter("info".getBytes(), "gender".getBytes(),CompareOperator.EQUAL, substringComparator);
​/*** 第三个过滤器，过滤出年龄大于23岁的*/BinaryComparator binaryComparator = new BinaryComparator("20".getBytes());SingleColumnValueFilter singleColumnValueFilter2 = new SingleColumnValueFilter("info".getBytes(), "age".getBytes(),CompareOperator.GREATER, binaryComparator);
​
​/*** 第四个过滤器，过滤出姓于的学生*/BinaryPrefixComparator binaryPrefixComparator = new BinaryPrefixComparator("于".getBytes());SingleColumnValueFilter singleColumnValueFilter3 = new SingleColumnValueFilter("info".getBytes(), "name".getBytes(),CompareOperator.EQUAL, binaryPrefixComparator);
​
​Scan scan = new Scan();
​//要想实现多个需求同时过滤，就需要创建多个过滤器，添加到一个过滤器列表中//然后将过滤器列表传给扫描器scanFilterList filterList = new FilterList();filterList.addFilter(singleColumnValueFilter);filterList.addFilter(singleColumnValueFilter1);filterList.addFilter(singleColumnValueFilter2);filterList.addFilter(singleColumnValueFilter3);
​scan.setFilter(filterList);
​ResultScanner scanner = studentTable.getScanner(scan);
​handleResultScanner(scanner);
​
​} catch (IOException e) {e.printStackTrace();}
​
}/*** 	过滤出学号是以15001001开头的文科学生*/
@Test
public void filterData2(){try {//获取表的实例TableName students = TableName.valueOf("students");Table studentTable = conn.getTable(students);
​/***  创建第一个过滤器，过滤是以15001001开头的rowkey*/BinaryPrefixComparator binaryPrefixComparator = new BinaryPrefixComparator("15001001".getBytes());//创建行键过滤器RowFilter rowFilter = new RowFilter(CompareOperator.EQUAL, binaryPrefixComparator);
​/*** 创建第二个过滤器，过滤出文科的学生*/RegexStringComparator regexStringComparator = new RegexStringComparator("^文科.*");SingleColumnValueFilter singleColumnValueFilter = new SingleColumnValueFilter("info".getBytes(), "clazz".getBytes(),CompareOperator.EQUAL,regexStringComparator);
​
​FilterList filterList = new FilterList();filterList.addFilter(rowFilter);filterList.addFilter(singleColumnValueFilter);
​Scan scan = new Scan();scan.setFilter(filterList);ResultScanner scanner = studentTable.getScanner(scan);handleResultScanner(scanner);
​} catch (IOException e) {e.printStackTrace();}
​
}