【vue讲解：es6导入导出语法、 vue-router简单使用、登录跳转案例、scoped的使用、elementui使用】

1 es6导入导出语法

# 做项目：肯定要写模块--》导入使用# 默认导出和导入
在某个js中 # 命名导出和导入

1.1 默认导出和导入

// #########导出语法###########
// export default name  // 只导出变量
// export default add   // 只导出函数// export default {name,add}  // 导出对象export default {name:"彭于晏",add: (a,b)=>{return a+b}
}// #######导入语法##########
import lqz from './lqz/utils'  // 相对导入，相对于当前文件
// 绝对导入--》开始导入的路径  src路径，但是需要写个 @
import lqz from '@/lqz/utils'

1.2 命名导出导入

// ## 导出#### 可以导出多个
export const age = 99
export const add = (a, b) => a + b
export const showName = name => {console.log(name)
}export const obj={name:'lqz',show(){alert('show')}
}// ### 导入###
import {showName,obj} from '@/lqz/common.js'
以后可以使用showName  函数
以后可以使用obj  对象 ，又可以点  obj.xx

1.3 如果包下有个 index.js 直接导到index.js上一次即可

2 vue-router简单使用

# 单页面应用---》只要一个html--》要实现页面跳转的效果---》其实就是组件的跳转
# 组件跳转，需要借助于第三方：vue-router  已经装了# 1 需要在App.vue 写个标签---以后不要再写任何其他东西了<template><div id="app"><router-view></router-view></div></template>
# 2 在 router---index.js---注册组件# 1 导入import LoginView from "@/views/LoginView";import IndexView from "@/views/IndexView";import AboutView from "@/views/AboutView";const routes = [# 2 注册路由{path: '/',name: 'home',component: IndexView},{path: '/login',name: 'login',component: LoginView},{path: '/about',name: 'about',component: AboutView},
]# 3 以后再浏览器访问不同路径，就会显示不同组件（页面组件--->views中）

3 登录跳转案例

#1  项目中使用axios  需要安装cnpm install axios -S在要用的位置[注意位置]，导入：import axios from 'axios'使用：axios.get().then()#2 跨域问题--》按照步骤操作1、使用pip安装 pip3 install django-cors-headers2、添加到setting的app中INSTALLED_APPS = (...'corsheaders',...)3、添加中间件MIDDLEWARE = [  ...'corsheaders.middleware.CorsMiddleware',...]4、setting下面添加下面的配置CORS_ORIGIN_ALLOW_ALL = TrueCORS_ALLOW_METHODS = ('DELETE','GET','OPTIONS','PATCH','POST','PUT','VIEW',)CORS_ALLOW_HEADERS = ('XMLHttpRequest','X_FILENAME','accept-encoding','authorization','content-type','dnt','origin','user-agent','x-csrftoken','x-requested-with','Pragma','token')# 3 前端 页面组件跳转this.$router.push('router/index.js/配置过的路径')

3.1 后端

3.1.1. models.py

from django.db import models# Create your models here.
from django.contrib.auth.models import AbstractUserclass UserInfo(AbstractUser):gender = models.IntegerField(choices=((1, '男'), (2, '女'), (0, '未知')),null=True)age = models.IntegerField(null=True)phone = models.CharField(max_length=11,null=True)

3.1.2 serializer.py

from rest_framework_simplejwt.serializers import TokenObtainPairSerializerclass LoginSerializer(TokenObtainPairSerializer):def validate(self, attrs):res = super().validate(attrs)user = self.userdata = {'code': 100, 'msg': '登录成功', 'username': user.username, 'gender': user.get_gender_display()}data.update(res)return data

3.1.3 views.py

from django.shortcuts import render# Create your views here.
import json
from rest_framework.views import APIView
from rest_framework.response import Responseclass FilmView(APIView):def get(self, request):with open('./film.json', 'rt', encoding='utf-8') as f:res = json.load(f)return Response(res)

3.1.3 urls.py

from django.contrib import admin
from django.urls import pathfrom rest_framework_simplejwt.views import token_obtain_pair
from app01 import viewsurlpatterns = [path('admin/', admin.site.urls),path('login/', token_obtain_pair),path('film/', views.FilmView.as_view()),
]

3.1.4 settings.py

AUTH_USER_MODEL = 'app01.userinfo'SIMPLE_JWT = {"TOKEN_OBTAIN_SERIALIZER": "app01.serializer.LoginSerializer",
}CORS_ORIGIN_ALLOW_ALL = True
CORS_ALLOW_METHODS = ('DELETE','GET','OPTIONS','PATCH','POST','PUT','VIEW',
)
CORS_ALLOW_HEADERS = ('XMLHttpRequest','X_FILENAME','accept-encoding','authorization','content-type','dnt','origin','user-agent','x-csrftoken','x-requested-with','Pragma','token'
)REST_FRAMEWORK = {'EXCEPTION_HANDLER': 'app01.exceptions.common_exception_handler',
}

3.2 前端

3.2.1 router/index.js

import Vue from 'vue'
import VueRouter from 'vue-router'// 1 导入
import LoginView from "@/views/LoginView";
import IndexView from "@/views/IndexView";Vue.use(VueRouter)const routes = [// 2 注册路由{path: '/',name: 'home',component: IndexView},{path: '/login',name: 'login',component: LoginView},]const router = new VueRouter({mode: 'history',base: process.env.BASE_URL,routes
})export default router

3.2.1 LoginView.vue

<template><div><h1>登录</h1><p>用户名：<input type="text" v-model="username"></p><p>密码：<input type="password" v-model="password"></p><p><button @click="handleSubmit">登录</button></p></div></template><script>
import http from 'axios'export default {name: "LoginView",data() {return {username: '',password: ''}},methods: {handleSubmit() {//发送ajax请求http.post('http://127.0.0.1:8000/login/', {username: this.username,password: this.password}).then(response => {if (response.data.code == 100) {// 跳转  vue-router支持的this.$router.push('/')} else {alert(response.data.msg)}})}}
}
</script><style scoped></style>

3.2.3 IndexView.vue

<template><div><h1>首页</h1><div v-for="film in filmList"><img :src="film.poster" alt="" height="200px" width="150px"><div><h3>{{ film.name }}</h3><p>主演：<span v-for="item in film.actors">{{ item.name }} &nbsp;&nbsp;</span></p><p>{{ film.nation }}|{{ film.runtime }}</p></div></div></div>
</template><script>
import axios from 'axios'export default {name: "IndexView",data() {return {filmList: []}},created() {axios.get('http://127.0.0.1:8000/film/').then(res => {this.filmList = res.data.results})}}
</script><style scoped></style>

4 scoped的使用

#1 以后css样式，都写在vue组件的 <style> 标签中<style scoped>h1 {background-color: aqua;}</style>#2 以后再 style标签上写 scoped 这个样式只在当前组件中生效
<style scoped>
h1 {background-color: aqua;
}
</style>

5 同学问题

# 1 在views.py  打开文件，写的路径,文件要放在项目根路径--》从项目运行的路径下开始找
class FilmView(APIView):def get(self, request):with open('./film.json', 'rt', encoding='utf-8') as f:res = json.load(f)return Response(res)# 2 只要按照上面的处理跨域---》以后不需要再响应头中加了--》post，delete。。所有请求都没有跨域了# 3 字典update

4 elementui使用

# 自己写样式---》copy别人的# 使用第三方ui库-Element UI  2.x  3.x-Ant Design of Vue：web端-Vant UI  ：移动端ui# elementui1 安装：cnpm i element-ui -S2 main.js中引入import ElementUI from 'element-ui';import 'element-ui/lib/theme-chalk/index.css';Vue.use(ElementUI);