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Android使用协程实现自定义Toast弹框

news 2026/3/26 6:59:48

Android使用协程实现自定义Toast弹框

最近有个消息提示需要显示10s,刚开始使用协程写了一个shoowToast方法，传入消息内容、显示时间和toast显示类型即可，以为能满足需求，结果测试说只有5s，查看日志和源码发现Android系统中Toast显示有2种类型Toast.LENGTH_SHORT和Toast.LENGTH_LONG，分别代表Toast消息显示的时间为短暂（大约2秒）和长时间（大约3.5秒），这和我们所需要的还是有很大差距的，于是通过自定义WindowManager+协程方式实现了此需求.

在这里插入图片描述

1.showToast方法如下：

object ToastUtils {private var toastJob :Job ?= nullfun Context.showToast(message: String, duration: Int = Toast.LENGTH_SHORT, delayTime: Long = 2000L) {val toast = Toast.makeText(this@showToast, message, duration)toast.show()toastJob?.cancel()toastJob = CoroutineScope(Dispatchers.Main).launch {delay(delayTime)toast.cancel()}}
}

2.使用示例：

    private fun initViews() {val textView = findViewById<TextView>(R.id.tv_test)textView.setOnClickListener {mCountdownJob = countDownCoroutines(10, lifecycleScope,onTick = { second ->textView.text = buildString {append(second)append("s后重发")}}, onStart = {// 倒计时开始}, onFinish = {// 倒计时结束，重置状态textView.text = buildString {append("发送验证码")}})showToast("祝大家国庆节快乐，万事如意",1,1000L * 10)}}

3.实现的效果如下：

可以看到虽然显示了Toast,但是5s就消失了，设置显示时间和动态传入10s都是不行的。
在这里插入图片描述

4.自定义Toast弹框（协程）：

使用协程实现

package com.cloud.customtoastdemo.toastimport android.content.Context
import android.graphics.PixelFormat
import android.util.Log
import android.view.LayoutInflater
import android.view.View
import android.view.WindowManager
import android.widget.TextView
import com.cloud.customtoastdemo.R
import kotlinx.coroutines.CoroutineScope
import kotlinx.coroutines.Dispatchers
import kotlinx.coroutines.Job
import kotlinx.coroutines.delay
import kotlinx.coroutines.launch/*** @auth: njb* @date: 2024/10/13 16:56* @desc: 描述*/
object EasyToast {private var easyToastView: View? = nullprivate var windowManager: WindowManager? = nullprivate var mToastJob:Job ?= nullprivate val TAG = "EasyToast"/**** @param context 上下文* @param message 提示内容消息* @param duration 可动态设置在的显示时间* @param gravity 显示位置 top、center、bottom*/fun showCustomToast(context: Context, message: String, duration: Int, gravity: Int) {windowManager = context.getSystemService(Context.WINDOW_SERVICE) as WindowManagerval inflater = context.getSystemService(Context.LAYOUT_INFLATER_SERVICE) as LayoutInflaterif (easyToastView == null) {easyToastView = inflater.inflate(R.layout.custom_easy_toast, null)val textView = easyToastView?.findViewById<TextView>(R.id.tv_message)textView?.text = message}val params = WindowManager.LayoutParams(WindowManager.LayoutParams.WRAP_CONTENT,WindowManager.LayoutParams.WRAP_CONTENT,WindowManager.LayoutParams.TYPE_APPLICATION,WindowManager.LayoutParams.FLAG_NOT_FOCUSABLE,PixelFormat.TRANSLUCENT)params.gravity = gravityparams.x = 0params.y = 0if (easyToastView?.parent == null) {windowManager?.addView(easyToastView, params)}mToastJob?.cancel()mToastJob = CoroutineScope(Dispatchers.Main).launch {delay(duration.toLong())Log.d(TAG, "时间到了结束弹框$duration")if (easyToastView != null) {windowManager?.removeView(easyToastView)easyToastView = null}}}fun cancelEasyToast() {if (easyToastView != null) {windowManager?.removeView(easyToastView)easyToastView = null}mToastJob?.cancel()}
}

5.自定义Toast弹框(Handler):

使用Handler实现:

package com.cloud.customtoastdemo.toastimport android.content.Context
import android.graphics.PixelFormat
import android.os.Handler
import android.os.Looper
import android.view.LayoutInflater
import android.view.View
import android.view.WindowManager
import android.widget.TextView
import com.cloud.customtoastdemo.R/*** @auth: njb* @date: 2024/10/13 16:56* @desc: 描述*/object EasyToast {private var toastView: View? = nullprivate var easyToastView: View? = nullprivate var windowManager: WindowManager? = nullprivate val handler = Handler(Looper.getMainLooper())private lateinit var runnable: Runnable/**** @param context 上下文* @param message 提示内容* @param message 提示内容消息* @param duration 显示时间* @param gravity 显示位置* @param gravity 显示位置 top、center、bottom*/fun showToast(context: Context, message: String, duration: Int, gravity: Int) {windowManager = context.getSystemService(Context.WINDOW_SERVICE) as WindowManagerval inflater = context.getSystemService(Context.LAYOUT_INFLATER_SERVICE) as LayoutInflaterif (toastView == null) {toastView = inflater.inflate(R.layout.custom_toast, null)val textView = toastView?.findViewById<TextView>(R.id.tv_message)if (easyToastView == null) {easyToastView = inflater.inflate(R.layout.custom_toast, null)val textView = easyToastView?.findViewById<TextView>(R.id.tv_message)textView?.text = message}val params = WindowManager.LayoutParams(WindowManager.LayoutParams.WRAP_CONTENT,WindowManager.LayoutParams.WRAP_CONTENT,WindowManager.LayoutParams.TYPE_APPLICATION,WindowManager.LayoutParams.FLAG_NOT_FOCUSABLE,PixelFormat.TRANSLUCENT)params.gravity = gravityparams.x = 0params.y = 0if (toastView?.parent == null) {windowManager?.addView(toastView, params)if (easyToastView?.parent == null) {windowManager?.addView(easyToastView, params)}runnable = Runnable {if (toastView != null) {windowManager?.removeView(toastView)toastView = nullif (easyToastView != null) {windowManager?.removeView(easyToastView)easyToastView = null}handler.removeCallbacks(runnable)}handler.postDelayed(runnable!!, duration.toLong())}fun cancelEasyToast() {runnable?.let {handler.removeCallbacks(it)}if (toastView != null) {windowManager?.removeView(toastView)toastView = nullif (easyToastView != null) {windowManager?.removeView(easyToastView)easyToastView = null}}}

6.使用示例：

package com.cloud.customtoastdemo

import android.os.Bundle
import android.util.Log
import android.view.Gravity
import android.widget.TextView
import androidx.activity.enableEdgeToEdge
import androidx.appcompat.app.AppCompatActivity
import androidx.core.view.ViewCompat
import androidx.core.view.WindowInsetsCompat
import androidx.lifecycle.lifecycleScope
import com.cloud.customtoastdemo.contants.Constants
import com.cloud.customtoastdemo.toast.EasyToast
import com.cloud.customtoastdemo.toast.ToastUtils.showToast
import com.cloud.customtoastdemo.utils.CountDownUtils.countDownCoroutines
import kotlinx.coroutines.Job
import kotlinx.coroutines.delay
import kotlinx.coroutines.launch

class MainActivity : AppCompatActivity() {

private var mCountdownJob: Job? = null
private val TAG = "MainActivity"
override fun onCreate(savedInstanceState: Bundle?) {super.onCreate(savedInstanceState)enableEdgeToEdge()setContentView(R.layout.activity_main)ViewCompat.setOnApplyWindowInsetsListener(findViewById(R.id.main)) { v, insets ->val systemBars = insets.getInsets(WindowInsetsCompat.Type.systemBars())v.setPadding(systemBars.left, systemBars.top, systemBars.right, systemBars.bottom)insets}initViews()
}private fun initViews() {val textView = findViewById<TextView>(R.id.tv_test)textView.setOnClickListener {mCountdownJob = countDownCoroutines(10, lifecycleScope,onTick = { second ->Log.d(TAG, "toast显示时间$second")textView.text = buildString {append(second)append("s后重发")}}, onStart = {// 倒计时开始}, onFinish = {// 倒计时结束，重置状态textView.text = buildString {append("发送验证码")}})

/*
lifecycleScope.launch {
delay(1000)
showToast(“祝大家国庆节快乐，万事如意”,1,1000L * 10)
}
*/

        EasyToast.showCustomToast(this@MainActivity,message = buildString {append("祝大家国庆节快乐，万事如意")},duration = Constants.TOAST_SHOW_TIME,gravity = Gravity.TOP)}
}

}

7.实现效果如下：

在这里插入图片描述

8.日志打印：

在这里插入图片描述

9.总结：

从上面的截图可以看出基本上是满足要求的，显示了10sToast提示才消失，至于这个显示时间你可以根据自己的需求动态设置，我这里也没有设置默认时长，尝试过利用反射修改Toast的显示时间和协程delpay方式设置显示时间都没有生效，所以采用WindowManager+协程的方式，当然使用Handler+dialog也可以，今天的内容就到这里，如何实现动态显示Toast时长，打卡收工，关机睡觉.

10.demo地址如下：

https://gitee.com/jackning_admin/custom-toast-demo