【51单片机系列】矩阵按键扩展实验

本文对矩阵按键的一个扩展，利用矩阵按键和动态数码管设计一个简易计算器。代码参考：https://blog.csdn.net/weixin_47060099/article/details/106664393

实现功能：使用矩阵按键，实现一个简易计算器，将计算数据及计算结果显示在数码管中。

矩阵按键设计如下图

代码实现：

/*实现功能：使用矩阵按键实现简易计算器[2023-12-07] zoya
*/
#include "reg52.h"typedef unsigned char u8;
typedef unsigned int u16;sbit LSA = P2^2;
sbit LSB = P2^3;
sbit LSC = P2^4;#define GPIO_DIG P0  // 动态数码管
#define GPIO_KEY P1  // 矩阵按键u16 KeyValue;  // 存放读取到的键值
u16 keyflag, i;  // 用来判断按下的数字还是运算符或是清空键
u8 code smg[] = {0x3f, 0x06, 0x5b, 0x4f, 0x66, 0x6d, 0x7d, 0x07, 0x7f, 0x6f, 0x77, 0x7c, 0x39, 0x5e, 0x79, 0x71, 0x00};  // 共阴极数码管u16 wei[8] = {0};  // 存放每一位数码管数字的数组// 延时函数，i=1延时10us
void delay(u16 i)
{while(i--);
}// 扫描显示动态数码管
void Display()
{LSA = 0; LSB = 0; LSC = 0; GPIO_DIG = smg[wei[7]]; delay(50); GPIO_DIG = 0x00; // 段选Y0，位选显示，延时，消隐LSA = 1; LSB = 0; LSC = 0; GPIO_DIG = smg[wei[6]]; delay(50); GPIO_DIG = 0x00; // 段选Y0，位选显示，延时，消隐LSA = 0; LSB = 1; LSC = 0; GPIO_DIG = smg[wei[5]]; delay(50); GPIO_DIG = 0x00; // 段选Y0，位选显示，延时，消隐LSA = 1; LSB = 1; LSC = 0; GPIO_DIG = smg[wei[4]]; delay(50); GPIO_DIG = 0x00; // 段选Y0，位选显示，延时，消隐LSA = 0; LSB = 0; LSC = 1; GPIO_DIG = smg[wei[3]]; delay(50); GPIO_DIG = 0x00; // 段选Y0，位选显示，延时，消隐LSA = 1; LSB = 0; LSC = 1; GPIO_DIG = smg[wei[2]]; delay(50); GPIO_DIG = 0x00; // 段选Y0，位选显示，延时，消隐LSA = 0; LSB = 1; LSC = 1; GPIO_DIG = smg[wei[1]]; delay(50); GPIO_DIG = 0x00; // 段选Y0，位选显示，延时，消隐LSA = 1; LSB = 1; LSC = 1; GPIO_DIG = smg[wei[0]]; delay(50); GPIO_DIG = 0x00; // 段选Y0，位选显示，延时，消隐
}// 检测有按键按下并读取键值
void KeyDown()
{u16 a = 0;GPIO_KEY = 0x0f;  // 行全部为低电平，列全部为高电平if(0x0f != GPIO_KEY)  // 读取按键是否按下{delay(1000);  // 延时10ms进行消隐if(0x0f != GPIO_KEY){// 测试列GPIO_KEY = 0x0f;switch(GPIO_KEY)  // 行列扫描法{case 0x07: KeyValue = 0; break;case 0x0b: KeyValue = 1; break;case 0x0d: KeyValue = 2; break;case 0x0e: KeyValue = 3; break;}// 测试行GPIO_KEY = 0xf0;switch(GPIO_KEY)  // 行列扫描法{case 0x70: KeyValue = KeyValue; break;case 0xb0: KeyValue = KeyValue + 4; break;case 0xd0: KeyValue = KeyValue + 8; break;case 0xe0: KeyValue = KeyValue + 12; break;}if(KeyValue==0 || KeyValue==1 || KeyValue==2 || KeyValue==3 || KeyValue==4 || KeyValue==5|| KeyValue==6 || KeyValue==7 || KeyValue==8 || KeyValue==9){keyflag=1;}}while( (a < 50) && (GPIO_KEY != 0xf0) )  // 按键松手检测{delay(1000);a++;}}
}void main()
{u16 a=0, b=0, c=0;while(1){Display();  KeyDown();  // 键入第一个数字if(1 == keyflag){for(i=7;i>0;i--){wei[i] = wei[i-1];  // 键入一位数字向左移动一位}wei[0] = KeyValue;keyflag = 0;}else if(14 == KeyValue)  // 清空显示{for(i=0;i<8;i++){wei[i] = 0;}Display();}else if(10 == KeyValue)  // 加法运算{a = wei[0] + wei[1]*10 + wei[2]*100 + wei[3]*1000 +wei[4]*10000 + wei[5]*100000 + wei[6]*1000000 + wei[7]*10000000;for(i=0; i<8; i++){wei[i] = 0;}// 输入第二个数while(1){Display();KeyDown();  // 输入第二个数if(15 == KeyValue)break;  // 当识别到等号时，停止输入if(1 == keyflag){for(i=7; i>0; i--){wei[i] = wei[i-1];}wei[0] = KeyValue;keyflag = 0;}}b = wei[0] + wei[1]*10 + wei[2]*100 + wei[3]*1000 +wei[4]*10000 + wei[5]*100000 + wei[6]*1000000 + wei[7]*10000000;c = a + b;wei[0] = c%10;  // 计算C的各个位的数字wei[1] = c/10%10;wei[2] = c/100%10;wei[3] = c/1000%10;wei[4] = c/10000%10;wei[5] = c/100000%10;wei[6] = c/1000000%10;wei[7] = c/10000000%10;Display();}else if(11 == KeyValue)  // 减法运算{a = wei[0] + wei[1]*10 + wei[2]*100 + wei[3]*1000 +wei[4]*10000 + wei[5]*100000 + wei[6]*1000000 + wei[7]*10000000;for(i=0; i<8; i++)  // 清空数码管{wei[i] = 0;}// 输入第二个数while(1){Display();KeyDown();  // 输入第二个数if(15 == KeyValue)break;  // 当识别到等号时，停止输入if(1 == keyflag){for(i=7; i>0; i--){wei[i] = wei[i-1];}wei[0] = KeyValue;keyflag = 0;}}b = wei[0] + wei[1]*10 + wei[2]*100 + wei[3]*1000 +wei[4]*10000 + wei[5]*100000 + wei[6]*1000000 + wei[7]*10000000;if(a > b){c = a - b;wei[0] = c%10;  // 计算C的各个位的数字wei[1] = c/10%10;wei[2] = c/100%10;wei[3] = c/1000%10;wei[4] = c/10000%10;wei[5] = c/100000%10;wei[6] = c/1000000%10;wei[7] = c/10000000%10;}else if(a < b){u16 e = 0;c = b-a;wei[0] = c%10;wei[1] = c/10%10;if(wei[1] == 0){wei[1] = 16;e=1;}wei[2] = c/100%10;if(wei[2]==0 && e==0){wei[2] = 16;e=1;}wei[3] = c/1000%10;if(wei[3]==0 && e==0){wei[3] = 16;e=1;}wei[4] = c/10000%10;if(wei[4]==0 && e==0){wei[4] = 16;e=1;}wei[5] = c/100000%10;if(wei[5]==0 && e==0){wei[5] = 16;e=1;}wei[6] = c/1000000%10;if(wei[6]==0 && e==0){wei[6] = 16;e=1;}wei[7] = c/10000000%10;if(wei[7]==0 && e==0){wei[7] = 16;e=1;}}Display();}else if(12 == KeyValue)  // 乘法运算{a = wei[0] + wei[1]*10 + wei[2]*100 + wei[3]*1000 +wei[4]*10000 + wei[5]*100000 + wei[6]*1000000 + wei[7]*10000000;for(i=0; i<8; i++){wei[i] = 0;}// 输入第二个数while(1){Display();KeyDown();  // 输入第二个数if(15 == KeyValue)break;  // 当识别到等号时，停止输入if(1 == keyflag){for(i=7; i>0; i--){wei[i] = wei[i-1];}wei[0] = KeyValue;keyflag = 0;}}b = wei[0] + wei[1]*10 + wei[2]*100 + wei[3]*1000 +wei[4]*10000 + wei[5]*100000 + wei[6]*1000000 + wei[7]*10000000;c = a * b;wei[0] = c%10;  // 计算C的各个位的数字wei[1] = c/10%10;wei[2] = c/100%10;wei[3] = c/1000%10;wei[4] = c/10000%10;wei[5] = c/100000%10;wei[6] = c/1000000%10;wei[7] = c/10000000%10;Display();}else if(13 == KeyValue)  // 除法运算{a = wei[0] + wei[1]*10 + wei[2]*100 + wei[3]*1000 +wei[4]*10000 + wei[5]*100000 + wei[6]*1000000 + wei[7]*10000000;for(i=0; i<8; i++){wei[i] = 0;}// 输入第二个数while(1){Display();KeyDown();  // 输入第二个数if(15 == KeyValue)break;  // 当识别到等号时，停止输入if(1 == keyflag){for(i=7; i>0; i--){wei[i] = wei[i-1];}wei[0] = KeyValue;keyflag = 0;}}b = wei[0] + wei[1]*10 + wei[2]*100 + wei[3]*1000 +wei[4]*10000 + wei[5]*100000 + wei[6]*1000000 + wei[7]*10000000;if(0 != b){c = a / b;wei[0] = c%10;  // 计算C的各个位的数字wei[1] = c/10%10;wei[2] = c/100%10;wei[3] = c/1000%10;wei[4] = c/10000%10;wei[5] = c/100000%10;wei[6] = c/1000000%10;wei[7] = c/10000000%10;Display();}}}
}

仿真结果：