C#上位机与三菱PLC的通信08---开发自己的通讯库(A-1E版)

1、A-1E报文回顾

 

具体细节请看：

C#上位机与三菱PLC的通信03--MC协议之A-1E报文解析

C#上位机与三菱PLC的通信04--MC协议之A-1E报文测试

2、为何要开发自己的通讯库

前面使用了第3方的通讯库实现了与三菱PLC的通讯，实现了数据的读写，对于通讯库，我们只要引用并调用相关的方法即可实现目的，为什么别人可以封装通讯库dll文件，自己能不能做到？当然可以，但写一个通讯库需要非凡的技术，需要考虑的东西很多，比如扩展性，通用性，等等之类的。通过封装通讯库达到更高的层次，想想，别人使用自己的东西，说明自己牛XXXX啊，大师就是这样锻造出来的，接下来马上安排，鸿鹄之志从小事做起，振兴工业自动化，匹夫有责。

3、空谈误国，实干兴邦

1、创建vs项目

2、添加类库项目

3、创建目录及基础类 

 

     

 

 

  AreaCode.cs代码

using System;
using System.Collections.Generic;
using System.Linq;
using System.Text;
using System.Threading.Tasks;namespace Mitsubishi.Communication.MC.Mitsubishi.Base
{/// <summary>/// 存储区枚举/// </summary>public enum AreaCode{D = 0xA8,X = 0x9C,Y = 0x9D,M = 0x90,R = 0xAF,S = 0x98,TS = 0xC1,CN = 0xC5}
}

MelsecBase.cs代码

using System;
using System.Collections.Generic;
using System.Linq;
using System.Net.Sockets;
using System.Reflection;
using System.Runtime.InteropServices;
using System.Text;
using System.Threading;
using System.Threading.Tasks;namespace Mitsubishi.Communication.MC.Mitsubishi.Base
{/// <summary>/// mc协议基类/// </summary>public class MelsecBase{/// <summary>/// plc的ip地址/// </summary>public string _ip;/// <summary>/// plc的端口号/// </summary>public int _port;/// <summary>/// socket对象/// </summary>public Socket socket = null;/// <summary>/// 超时事件/// </summary>ManualResetEvent TimeoutObject = new ManualResetEvent(false);/// <summary>/// 连接状态/// </summary>bool connectState = false;/// <summary>/// 构造方法/// </summary>/// <param name="ip"></param>/// <param name="port"></param>public MelsecBase(string ip, short port){_ip = ip;_port = port;// 初始化一个通信对象socket = new Socket(AddressFamily.InterNetwork, SocketType.Stream, ProtocolType.Tcp);}/// <summary>/// 连接PLC/// </summary>/// <param name="timeout">超时时间</param>/// <returns></returns>public Result Connect(int timeout = 50){TimeoutObject.Reset();Result result = new Result();try{if (socket == null){socket = new Socket(AddressFamily.InterNetwork, SocketType.Stream, ProtocolType.Tcp);}int count = 0;while (count < timeout){if (!(!socket.Connected || (socket.Poll(200, SelectMode.SelectRead) && (socket.Available == 0)))){return result;}try{socket?.Close();socket.Dispose();socket = null;socket = new Socket(AddressFamily.InterNetwork, SocketType.Stream, ProtocolType.Tcp);//异步连接 socket.BeginConnect(_ip, _port, callback =>{connectState = false;var cbSocket = callback.AsyncState as Socket;if (cbSocket != null){connectState = cbSocket.Connected;if (cbSocket.Connected){cbSocket.EndConnect(callback);}}TimeoutObject.Set();}, socket);TimeoutObject.WaitOne(2000, false);if (!connectState){throw new Exception();}else{break;}}catch (SocketException ex){if (ex.ErrorCode == 10060){throw new Exception(ex.Message);}}catch (Exception ex){throw new Exception(ex.Message);}finally{count++;}}if (socket == null || !socket.Connected || ((socket.Poll(200, SelectMode.SelectRead) && (socket.Available == 0)))){throw new Exception("网络连接失败");}}catch (Exception ex){result.IsSuccessed = false;result.Message = ex.Message;}return result;}/// <summary>/// 构建开始地址/// </summary>/// <param name="areaCode">存储区</param>/// <param name="startAddr">开始地址</param>/// <returns></returns>/// <exception cref="Exception"></exception>public List<byte> StartToBytes(AreaCode areaCode, string startAddr){List<byte> startBytes = new List<byte>();if (areaCode == AreaCode.X || areaCode == AreaCode.Y){string str = startAddr.ToString().PadLeft(8, '0');for (int i = str.Length - 2; i >= 0; i -= 2){string v = str[i].ToString() + str[i + 1].ToString();startBytes.Add(Convert.ToByte(v, 16));}}else{int addr = 0;if (!int.TryParse(startAddr, out addr)){throw new Exception("软元件地址不支持！");}startBytes.Add((byte)(addr % 256));startBytes.Add((byte)(addr / 256 % 256));startBytes.Add((byte)(addr / 256 / 256 % 256));startBytes.Add((byte)(addr / 256 / 256 / 256 % 256));}return startBytes;}/// <summary>/// 发送报文/// </summary>/// <param name="reqBytes">字节集合</param>/// <param name="count">字节长度</param>/// <returns></returns>public virtual List<byte> Send(List<byte> reqBytes, int count){return null;}/// <summary>/// 数据解析/// </summary>/// <typeparam name="T">读取的数据类型</typeparam>/// <param name="datas">数据列表</param>/// <param name="typeLen">类型长度</param>/// <returns></returns>/// <exception cref="Exception"></exception>public List<T> AnalysisDatas<T>(List<byte> datas, int typeLen){List<T> resultDatas = new List<T>();if (typeof(T) == typeof(bool))//bool类型{for (int i = 0; i < datas.Count; i++){// 10 10 10 10 10string binaryStr = Convert.ToString(datas[i], 2).PadLeft(8, '0');dynamic state = binaryStr.Substring(0, 4) == "0001";resultDatas.Add(state);state = binaryStr.Substring(4) == "0001";resultDatas.Add(state);}}else//其他类型：ushort,short,float{for (int i = 0; i < datas.Count;){List<byte> valueByte = new List<byte>();for (int sit = 0; sit < typeLen * 2; sit++){valueByte.Add(datas[i++]);}Type tBitConverter = typeof(BitConverter);MethodInfo method = tBitConverter.GetMethods(BindingFlags.Public | BindingFlags.Static).FirstOrDefault(mi => mi.ReturnType == typeof(T)) as MethodInfo;if (method == null){throw new Exception("未找到匹配的数据类型转换方法");}resultDatas.Add((T)method?.Invoke(tBitConverter, new object[] { valueByte.ToArray(), 0 }));}}return resultDatas;}/// <summary>/// 计算长度/// </summary>/// <typeparam name="T">读取的数据类型</typeparam>/// <returns></returns>public int CalculatLength<T>(){int typeLen = 1;if (!typeof(T).Equals(typeof(bool))){typeLen = Marshal.SizeOf<T>() / 2;// 每一个数据需要多少个寄存器}return typeLen;}/// <summary>/// 获取数据的字节列表/// </summary>/// <typeparam name="T">数据类型</typeparam>/// <param name="values">数据列表</param>/// <returns></returns>public List<byte> GetDataBytes<T>(List<T> values){List<byte> datas = new List<byte>();int count = values.Count;if (typeof(T) == typeof(bool))//bool类型的数据{dynamic value = false;// 添加一个填充数据，保存一个完整字节if (values.Count % 2 > 0){values.Add(value);}for (int i = 0; i < values.Count; i += 2){byte valueByte = 0;if (bool.Parse(values[i].ToString())){valueByte |= 16;}if (bool.Parse(values[i + 1].ToString())){valueByte |= 1;}datas.Add(valueByte);}}else //其他类型：float，short，int16{for (int i = 0; i < values.Count; i++){dynamic value = values[i];datas.AddRange(BitConverter.GetBytes(value)); // MC不需要字节的颠倒}}return datas;}}
}

Result.cs代码

using System;
using System.Collections.Generic;
using System.Linq;
using System.Text;
using System.Threading.Tasks;namespace Mitsubishi.Communication.MC.Mitsubishi.Base
{/// <summary>/// 结果类/// </summary>/// <typeparam name="T"></typeparam>public class Result<T>{/// <summary>/// 状态/// </summary>public bool IsSuccessed { get; set; }/// <summary>/// 对应的消息/// </summary>public string Message { get; set; }/// <summary>/// 数据列表/// </summary>public List<T> Datas { get; set; }public Result() : this(true, "OK") { }public Result(bool state, string msg) : this(state, msg, new List<T>()) { }public Result(bool state, string msg, List<T> datas){this.IsSuccessed = state; Message = msg; Datas = datas;}}public class Result : Result<bool> { }
}

确保上面的三个类文件编译成功，继续干

4、编写核心的通信类A1E.cs 

  

A1E.cs完整代码： 

using Mitsubishi.Communication.MC.Mitsubishi.Base;
using System;
using System.Collections.Generic;
using System.Linq;
using System.Net.Sockets;
using System.Text;
using System.Threading.Tasks;namespace Mitsubishi.Communication.MC.Mitsubishi
{/// <summary>/// A1E报文通讯库/// </summary>public class A1E : MelsecBase{/// <summary>/// 构造方法/// </summary>/// <param name="ip"></param>/// <param name="port"></param>public A1E(string ip, short port) : base(ip, port){}#region 读取数据/// <summary>/// 读取数据/// </summary>/// <typeparam name="T">读取的数据类型</typeparam>/// <param name="address">开始地址</param>/// <param name="count">读取长度</param>/// <returns></returns>public Result<T> Read<T>(string address, short count){AreaCode areaCode;string start;(areaCode, start) = this.AnalysisAddress(address);return Read<T>(areaCode, start, count);}/// <summary>/// 读取数据/// </summary>/// <typeparam name="T">读取的数据类型</typeparam>/// <param name="areaCode">存储区代码</param>/// <param name="startAddr">开始地址</param>/// <param name="count">读取长度</param>/// <returns></returns>public Result<T> Read<T>(AreaCode areaCode, string startAddr, short count){Result<T> result = new Result<T>();try{var connectState = this.Connect();if (!connectState.IsSuccessed){throw new Exception(connectState.Message);}//读取类型byte readCode = (byte)(typeof(T) == typeof(bool) ? 0x00 : 0x01);//起始地址List<byte> startBytes = this.StartToBytes(areaCode, startAddr);//存储区代码List<byte> areaBytes = this.AreaToBytes(areaCode);//读取长度int typeLen = this.CalculatLength<T>();//组装报文List<byte> command = new List<byte> {readCode,///读取类型0xFF,0x0A,0x00,//0xFF指PLC编号，0x0A,0x00指超时时间，超时时间是以250ms为单位 startBytes[0],startBytes[1],startBytes[2],startBytes[3], // 起始地址，占4个字节areaBytes[0],areaBytes[1], // 存储区，占2个字节(byte)(typeLen*count%256),// 读取长度，低位(byte)(typeLen*count/256%256) // 读取长度，高位};//计算响应报文的长度int respLen = typeLen * 2 * count;if (typeof(T) == typeof(bool)){respLen = (int)Math.Ceiling(typeLen * count * 1.0 / 2);}//发送报文List<byte> respBytes = this.Send(command, respLen);//数据解析result.Datas = this.AnalysisDatas<T>(respBytes, typeLen);}catch (Exception ex){result = new Result<T>(false, ex.Message);}return result;}#endregion #region 写入数据/// <summary>/// 写数据/// </summary>/// <typeparam name="T">写入的数据类型</typeparam>/// <param name="values">数据值列表</param>/// <param name="addr">开始地址</param>/// <returns></returns>public Result Write<T>(List<T> values, string addr){AreaCode areaCode; string start;(areaCode, start) = this.AnalysisAddress(addr);return this.Write<T>(values, areaCode, start);}/// <summary>/// 写数据/// </summary>/// <typeparam name="T">写入的数据类型</typeparam>/// <param name="values">数据值列表</param>/// <param name="areaCode">存储区代码</param>/// <param name="startAddr">开始地址</param>/// <returns></returns>public Result Write<T>(List<T> values, AreaCode areaCode, string startAddr){Result result = new Result();try{var connectState = this.Connect();if (!connectState.IsSuccessed){throw new Exception(connectState.Message);}// 写操作的类型 //0x00 批量位读取 //0x01 批量字读取 //0x02 批量位写入 //0x03 批量字写入 //0x04 随机位写入 //0x05 随机字写入byte writeCode = (byte)(typeof(T) == typeof(bool) ? 0x02 : 0x03);//开始地址List<byte> startBytes = this.StartToBytes(areaCode, startAddr);//存储区代码List<byte> areaBytes = this.AreaToBytes(areaCode);//构建数据的字节列表int count = values.Count;List<byte> datas = this.GetDataBytes<T>(values);//判断写入的长度，如果是float类型则长度要扩大2倍int length = count;//长度等于值的个数 if (typeof(T) == typeof(float)){length = length * 2;}//拼装报文List<byte> command = new List<byte> {writeCode,0xFF, 0x0A, 0x00,//0xFF指PLC编号，0x0A,0x00指超时时间，超时时间是以250ms为单位 startBytes[0], startBytes[1], startBytes[2], startBytes[3], // 起始地址areaBytes[0], areaBytes[1], // 存储区 //写入的长度的低位和高位 (byte)(length % 256),(byte)(length / 256 % 256),};command.AddRange(datas);//写入的具体数据//发送报文socket.Send(command.ToArray());// 判断写入的结果 byte[] respBytes = new byte[2];socket.Receive(respBytes);if (respBytes[0] != (writeCode |= 0x80)){throw new Exception("响应报文结构异常。" + respBytes[0].ToString());}if (respBytes[1] != 0x00){throw new Exception("响应异常。" + respBytes[1].ToString());}}catch (Exception ex){result.IsSuccessed = false;result.Message = ex.Message;}return result;}#endregion#region PLC启停,区别功能码  0x13,0x14public Result Run(){return PlcState(0x13);}public Result Stop(){return PlcState(0x14);}private Result PlcState(byte commandCode){Result result = new Result();try{var connectState = this.Connect();if (!connectState.IsSuccessed){throw new Exception(connectState.Message);}List<byte> commandBytes = new List<byte>{commandCode,0xFF,0x0A,0x00};socket.Send(commandBytes.ToArray());// 先判断响应状态byte[] respBytes = new byte[2];socket.Receive(respBytes);if (respBytes[0] != (commandCode |= 0x80)){throw new Exception("响应报文结构异常。" + respBytes[0].ToString());}if (respBytes[1] != 0x00){throw new Exception("响应异常。" + respBytes[1].ToString());}}catch (Exception ex){result.IsSuccessed = false;result.Message = ex.Message;}return result;}#endregion#region 内部方法/// <summary>/// 构建存储区代码/// </summary>/// <param name="areaCode">存储区代码</param>/// <returns></returns>private List<byte> AreaToBytes(AreaCode areaCode){List<byte> areaBytes = new List<byte>();string areaStr = areaCode.ToString();areaBytes.AddRange(Encoding.ASCII.GetBytes(areaStr));if (areaBytes.Count == 1){areaBytes.Add(0x20);}areaBytes.Reverse(); //字节反转return areaBytes;}/// <summary>/// 发送报文/// </summary>/// <param name="reqBytes">报文字节集合</param>/// <param name="len">报文字节长度</param>/// <returns></returns>/// <exception cref="Exception"></exception>public override List<byte> Send(List<byte> reqBytes, int len){socket.Send(reqBytes.ToArray()); //发送报文// 先判断响应状态byte[] respBytes = new byte[2];socket.Receive(respBytes);if (respBytes[0] != (reqBytes[0] |= 0x80)){throw new Exception("响应报文结构异常。" + respBytes[0].ToString());}if (respBytes[1] != 0x00){throw new Exception("响应异常。" + respBytes[1].ToString());}respBytes = new byte[len];socket.Receive(respBytes, 0, len, SocketFlags.None);return new List<byte>(respBytes);}/// <summary>/// 地址解析，输入的地址：X100    X1A0    M100    D100   TN10/// </summary>/// <param name="address">地址字符串</param>/// <returns>返回元组</returns>public Tuple<AreaCode, string> AnalysisAddress(string address){// 取两个字符string area = address.Substring(0, 2);if (!new string[] { "TN", "TS", "CS", "CN" }.Contains(area)){area = address.Substring(0, 1);}string start = address.Substring(area.Length);// 返回元组（一个对象，该对象包括编号和地址）var obj = new Tuple<AreaCode, string>((AreaCode)Enum.Parse(typeof(AreaCode), area), start);return obj;}#endregion }
}

确保项目编译成功，可以进行下一步

4、测试通讯库

1、添加项目引用    

 2、启动MC服务器 

3、利用通讯库读写数据

 1 读取X区100开始的4个bool数据

 

 2、读取D区100开始的5个float数据

 3、读取M区200开始的2个short数据

4、写入M区200开始的2个short数据 

 

5、写入D区200开始的5个float数据 

 4、完整代码

using Mitsubishi.Communication.MC.Mitsubishi;
using Mitsubishi.Communication.MC.Mitsubishi.Base;
using System;
using System.Collections.Generic;
using System.Linq;
using System.Text;
using System.Threading.Tasks;namespace Mitsubishi.Communication.Test
{internal class Program{static void Main(string[] args){MCLibTestA1E(); Console.WriteLine("执行完成!");Console.ReadKey();}/// <summary>/// 测试A-1E通讯库/// </summary>static void MCLibTestA1E(){A1E a1E = new A1E("192.168.1.7", 6000);#region 读数据Console.WriteLine("读取X区100开始的4个bool数据");var result1 = a1E.Read<bool>(AreaCode.X, "100", 4);if (result1.IsSuccessed){result1.Datas.ForEach(d => Console.WriteLine(d));}else{Console.WriteLine(result1.Message);}Console.WriteLine("读取D区200开始的5个float数据");var result2 = a1E.Read<float>(AreaCode.D, "200", 5);if (result2.IsSuccessed){result2.Datas.ForEach(d => Console.WriteLine(d));}else{Console.WriteLine(result2.Message);}Console.WriteLine("读取M区200开始的2个short数据");var result3 = a1E.Read<short>(AreaCode.M, "200", 2);if (result3.IsSuccessed){result3.Datas.ForEach(d => Console.WriteLine(d));}else{Console.WriteLine(result3.Message);}#endregion#region 写数据Console.WriteLine("写入M区200开始的2个short数据");var result4 = a1E.Write<short>(new List<short> { 61, 72 }, "M200");if (result4.IsSuccessed){Console.WriteLine(result4.Message);}Console.WriteLine("写入D区200开始的5个float数据");var result5 = a1E.Write<float>(new List<float> { 3.2f, -2.5f, 0, 35, -98 }, "D200");if (result5.IsSuccessed){Console.WriteLine(result5.Message);}#endregion}}
}

5、小结

原创真的不容易，走过路过不要错过，点赞关注收藏又圈粉，共同致富。

原创真的不容易，走过路过不要错过，点赞关注收藏又圈粉，共同致富。

原创真的不容易，走过路过不要错过，点赞关注收藏又圈粉，共同致富