【C语言项目】贪吃蛇（下）

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源码在Gitee仓库~
上一篇贪吃蛇（上）~

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四、核心的实现

游戏测试

#include <locale.h>
void test()
{int ch = 0;srand((unsigned int)time(NULL));//时间戳，用来实现随机数do{Snake snake = { 0 };GameStart(&snake);GameRun(&snake);GameEnd(&snake);SetPos(20, 15);printf("再来⼀局吗？(Y/N):");ch = getchar();getchar();} while (ch == 'Y');SetPos(0, 27);}
int main()
{//修改当前地区为本地模式，为了⽀持中⽂宽字符的打印setlocale(LC_ALL, "");//测试逻辑test();return 0;
}

1、GameStart

（1）控制台窗口大小和名字设置

system("mode con cols=100 lines=30");
system("title 贪吃蛇");

（2）光标隐藏

	HANDLE houtput = GetStdHandle(STD_OUTPUT_HANDLE);CONSOLE_CURSOR_INFO CursorInfo;GetConsoleCursorInfo(houtput, &CursorInfo);CursorInfo.bVisible = false;SetConsoleCursorInfo(houtput, &CursorInfo);

（3）打印欢迎界面

void WelcomeToGame()
{SetPos(40, 15);printf("欢迎来到贪吃蛇⼩游戏");SetPos(40, 25);// “按任意键继续”的出现的位置system("pause");//可以让页面暂停在这个位置，直到用户按下一个键system("cls");//清除屏幕SetPos(25, 12);printf("⽤ ↑ . ↓ . ← . → 分别控制蛇的移动， F3为加速，F4为减速\n");SetPos(25, 13);printf("加速将能得到更⾼的分数。\n");SetPos(40, 25);// “按任意键继续”的出现的位置，这里可以让文字出现的位置看起来比较美观system("pause");system("cls");
}

（4）创建地图

组成地图的小格子需要用宽字符打印
58行就打印29次

#define WALL L'□'  
//在头文件中定义
void CreateMap()
{//上int i = 0;for (i = 0; i < 29; i++){wprintf(L"%lc", WALL);}//下SetPos(0, 26);for (i = 0; i < 29; i++){wprintf(L"%lc", WALL);}//左for (i = 1; i <= 25; i++){SetPos(0, i);wprintf(L"%lc", WALL);}//右for (i = 1; i <= 25; i++){SetPos(56, i);wprintf(L"%lc", WALL);}
}

（5）初始化蛇

void InitSnake(pSnake ps)
{int i = 0;pSnakeNode cur = NULL;for (i = 0; i < 5; i++){cur = (pSnakeNode)malloc(sizeof(SnakeNode));//创建蛇身节点if (cur == NULL){perror("malloc fail");exit(1);}cur->next = NULL;cur->x = POS_X + 2 * i;//将蛇的节点由蛇尾到蛇头创建好cur->y = POS_Y;if (ps->_pSnake == NULL){ps->_pSnake = cur;//若没有蛇身节点则建立的节点为蛇身节点}else{cur->next = ps->_pSnake;ps->_pSnake = cur;//若有蛇身节点则新创建的节点成为头节点}}cur = ps->_pSnake;while (cur){SetPos(cur->x, cur->y);wprintf(L"%lc", BODY);//将蛇的身体依据链表打印出来cur = cur->next;}ps->_dir = RIGHT;//初始蛇的方向ps->_food_weight = 10;//每个食物的分数ps->_sleep_time = 200;//每两次打印蛇身的间隔，也就是蛇身的速度ps->_sorce = 0;//初始总分数ps->_status = OK;//蛇的初始状态
}

（6）创建第一个食物

void CreateFood(pSnake ps)
{int x = 0;int y = 0;
again:	do{x = rand() % 53 + 2;//我们要的x坐标值介于2~54间，任意数%53得到的值介于0~52，加上2就在2~56范围y = rand() % 25 + 1;//我们要的y坐标值介于1~25间，任意数%25得到的值介于0~24，加上1就在1~25范围//随机数时间戳，根据时间计算的数据，由于时间是不可修改切没有相同时候的，所以它产生的数字被认为是随机数} while (x % 2 != 0);pSnakeNode cur = ps->_pSnake;//记录蛇头结点while (cur){if (x == cur->x && y == cur->y){goto again;}cur = cur->next;}//如果食物与蛇身上某一节点重合了，则回到again处重新生成pSnakeNode pFood = (pSnakeNode)malloc(sizeof(SnakeNode));//不重合就生成食物if (pFood == NULL){perror("malloc fail");exit(2);}pFood->x = x;pFood->y = y;pFood->next = NULL;SetPos(x, y);wprintf(L"%lc", FOOD);//在对应位置处打印食物ps->_pFood = pFood;
}

最终的GameStart

void GameStart(pSnake ps)
{//设置控制台窗⼝的⼤⼩，30⾏，100列//mode 为DOS命令system("mode con cols=100 lines=30");//设置cmd窗⼝名称system("title 贪吃蛇"); //获取标准输出的句柄(⽤来标识不同设备的数值)HANDLE hOutput = GetStdHandle(STD_OUTPUT_HANDLE);//影藏光标操作CONSOLE_CURSOR_INFO CursorInfo;//获取控制台光标信息GetConsoleCursorInfo(hOutput, &CursorInfo);//隐藏控制台光标CursorInfo.bVisible = false; //设置控制台光标状态SetConsoleCursorInfo(hOutput, &CursorInfo);//打印欢迎界⾯WelcomeToGame();//打印地图CreateMap();//初始化蛇InitSnake(ps);//创造第⼀个⻝物CreateFood(ps);
}

2、GameRun

（1）定义一个宏来检测按键状态

#define KEY_PRESS(VK) ((GetAsyncKeyState(VK)&0x1) ? 1 : 0)

在上一篇博文中我们介绍了GetAsyncKeyState函数，我们封装一个宏可以判断某个键是否被按下

（2）PrintHelpInfo

void PrintHelpInfo()
{SetPos(64, 14);wprintf(L"%ls", L"不能穿墙，不能咬到自己");SetPos(64, 16);wprintf(L"%ls", L"用 ↑. ↓ . ← . → 来控制蛇的移动");SetPos(64, 18);wprintf(L"%ls", L"按F3加速，F4减速");SetPos(64, 20);wprintf(L"%ls", L"按ESC退出游戏，按空格暂停游戏");SetPos(64, 24);wprintf(L"%ls", L"s_little_monster_倾情制作");
}

（3）SnakeMove

void SnakeMove(pSnake ps)
{pSnakeNode pNextNode = (pSnakeNode)malloc(sizeof(SnakeNode));//开辟预测的下一个节点if (pNextNode == NULL){perror("malloc fail");exit(3);}switch (ps->_dir)//用switch语句判断此时蛇的走向{case UP:pNextNode->x = ps->_pSnake->x;pNextNode->y = ps->_pSnake->y - 1;break;case DOWN:pNextNode->x = ps->_pSnake->x;pNextNode->y = ps->_pSnake->y + 1;break;case LEFT:pNextNode->x = ps->_pSnake->x - 2;//注意左右移动是加减2pNextNode->y = ps->_pSnake->y;break;case RIGHT:pNextNode->x = ps->_pSnake->x + 2;pNextNode->y = ps->_pSnake->y;break;}if (NextIsFood(pNextNode, ps)){EatFood(pNextNode,ps);}else{NoFood(pNextNode, ps);}//判断下一个位置是否为食物，是则进入EatFood，不是则进入NoFoodKillBySelf(ps);KillByWall(ps);//检查是否撞到自己或墙而死亡
}

（4）NextIsFood

int NextIsFood(pSnakeNode pn,pSnake ps)
{return (ps->_pFood->x == pn->x && ps->_pFood->y == pn->y);//如果当前位置是食物则返回非0值，不是返回0
}

（5）EatFood

void EatFood(pSnakeNode pn, pSnake ps)
{ps->_pFood->next = ps->_pSnake;ps->_pSnake = ps->_pFood;//吃掉食物，让食物成为蛇的头节点free(pn);//因为节点pn与节点_pFood是一个节点，所以free掉其中的一个pn = NULL;pSnakeNode cur = ps->_pSnake;while (cur){SetPos(cur->x, cur->y);wprintf(L"%lc", BODY);cur = cur->next;}//打印蛇身ps->_sorce += ps->_food_weight;//加分CreateFood(ps);//重新制造食物
}

（6）NoFood

void NoFood(pSnakeNode pn, pSnake ps)
{pn->next = ps->_pSnake;ps->_pSnake = pn;//同EatFood，将下一节点成为头结点pSnakeNode cur = ps->_pSnake;while (cur->next->next != NULL){SetPos(cur->x, cur->y);wprintf(L"%lc", BODY);cur = cur->next;}//将除了尾节点以外的节点打印SetPos(cur->next->x, cur->next->y);printf("  ");//将尾节点打印为空格free(cur->next);//free掉尾节点cur->next = NULL;
}

（7）KillBySelf

void KillBySelf(pSnake ps)
{pSnakeNode pur = ps->_pSnake->next;while (pur){//当此时的蛇头位置与蛇身某一节点重合时if (pur->x == ps->_pSnake->x && pur->y == ps->_pSnake->y){ps->_status = KILL_BY_SELF;//修改状态为 KILL_BY_SELFbreak;}pur = pur->next;}
}

（8）KillByWall

void KillByWall(pSnake ps)
{//当此时的蛇头位置与墙体重合时if (ps->_pSnake->x == 0 || ps->_pSnake->x == 56 || ps->_pSnake->y == 0 || ps->_pSnake->y == 26){ps->_status = KILL_BY_WALL;//修改状态为 KILL_BY_WALL}
}

最终的GameRun

void GameRun(pSnake ps)
{PrintHelpInfo();//游戏玩法帮助打印do{SetPos(64, 10);printf("总分数：%d\n", ps->_sorce);SetPos(64, 11);printf("当前食物的分数：%2d\n", ps->_food_weight);//检测键是否被按下if (KEY_PRESS(VK_UP) && ps->_dir != DOWN){ps->_dir = UP;}else if (KEY_PRESS(VK_DOWN) && ps->_dir != UP){ps->_dir = DOWN;}else if (KEY_PRESS(VK_LEFT) && ps->_dir != RIGHT){ps->_dir = LEFT;}else if (KEY_PRESS(VK_RIGHT) && ps->_dir != LEFT){ps->_dir = RIGHT;}else if (KEY_PRESS(VK_SPACE)){Pause();//暂停，等待再按下空格继续}else if (KEY_PRESS(VK_ESCAPE)){ps->_status = END_NORMAL;}else if (KEY_PRESS(VK_F3))//F3为加速，休眠时间变少也就是蛇的速度变快，每个食物分数增加2{if(ps->_sleep_time > 80)//速度不能太快{ps->_sleep_time -= 30;ps->_food_weight += 2;}}else if (KEY_PRESS(VK_F4))//F4为减速，休眠时间变多也就是蛇的速度变慢，每个食物分数减少2{if(ps->_food_weight > 2)//食物分数要在2分以上{ps->_sleep_time += 30;ps->_food_weight -= 2;}}SnakeMove(ps);//蛇每走一步要进行的活动Sleep(ps->_sleep_time);//走一步休眠的时间，也就是蛇的速度} while (ps->_status == OK);//当游戏状态为OK时循环继续
}

3、GameEnd

当游戏状态不为OK时，告知游戏结束的原因并释放蛇身

void GameEnd(pSnake ps)
{SetPos(24, 12);switch (ps->_status){case END_NORMAL:wprintf(L"主动结束游戏");break;case KILL_BY_SELF:wprintf(L"撞到自己了,游戏结束");break;case KILL_BY_WALL:wprintf(L"撞到墙了，游戏结束");break;}pSnakeNode pur = ps->_pSnake;while (pur){pSnakeNode del = pur;pur = pur->next;free(del);}
}

五、源代码拷贝

Snake.h

#pragma once#include <stdio.h>
#include <windows.h>
#include <stdbool.h>
#include <stdlib.h>
#include <time.h>#define POS_X 24
#define POS_Y 5#define WALL L'□'
#define BODY L'◆'
#define FOOD L'★'enum DIRECTION
{UP = 1,DOWN,LEFT,RIGHT
};enum GAME_STATUS
{OK,KILL_BY_WALL,KILL_BY_SELF,END_NORMAL
};typedef struct SnakeNode 
{int x;int y;struct SnakeNode* next;
}SnakeNode, *pSnakeNode;typedef struct Snake
{pSnakeNode _pSnake;pSnakeNode _pFood;enum DRECTION _dir;enum GAME_STATUS _status;int _food_weight;int _sorce;int _sleep_time;
}Snake,*pSnake;void SetPos(short x, short y);void GameStart(pSnake ps);void CreateMap();void WelcomeToGame();void InitSnake(pSnake ps);void CreateFood(pSnake ps);void GameRun(pSnake ps);void SnakeMove(pSnake ps);int NextIsFood(pSnakeNode pn, pSnake ps);void EatFood(pSnakeNode pn, pSnake ps);void NoFood(pSnakeNode pn, pSnake ps);void KillByWall(pSnake ps);void KillBySelf(pSnake ps);void GameEnd(pSnake ps);

Snake.c

#include "snake.h"void SetPos(short x, short y)
{HANDLE houtput = NULL;houtput = GetStdHandle(STD_OUTPUT_HANDLE);COORD pos = { x,y };SetConsoleCursorPosition(houtput, pos);
}void WelcomeToGame()
{SetPos(40, 14);wprintf(L"欢迎来到贪吃蛇小游戏\n");SetPos(42, 20);system("pause");system("cls");SetPos(25, 14);wprintf(L"用 ↑. ↓ . ← . → 来控制蛇的移动，按F3加速，F4减速\n");SetPos(25, 15);wprintf(L"加速能够得到更高的分数\n");SetPos(42, 20);system("pause");system("cls");
}void CreateMap()
{//上int i = 0;for (i = 0; i < 29; i++){wprintf(L"%lc", WALL);}//下SetPos(0, 26);for (i = 0; i < 29; i++){wprintf(L"%lc", WALL);}//左for (i = 1; i <= 25; i++){SetPos(0, i);wprintf(L"%lc", WALL);}//右for (i = 1; i <= 25; i++){SetPos(56, i);wprintf(L"%lc", WALL);}
}
void InitSnake(pSnake ps)
{int i = 0;pSnakeNode cur = NULL;for (i = 0; i < 5; i++){cur = (pSnakeNode)malloc(sizeof(SnakeNode));//创建蛇身节点if (cur == NULL){perror("malloc fail");exit(1);}cur->next = NULL;cur->x = POS_X + 2 * i;//将蛇的节点由蛇尾到蛇头创建好cur->y = POS_Y;if (ps->_pSnake == NULL){ps->_pSnake = cur;//若没有蛇身节点则建立的节点为蛇身节点}else{cur->next = ps->_pSnake;ps->_pSnake = cur;//若有蛇身节点则新创建的节点成为头节点}}cur = ps->_pSnake;while (cur){SetPos(cur->x, cur->y);wprintf(L"%lc", BODY);//将蛇的身体依据链表打印出来cur = cur->next;}ps->_dir = RIGHT;//初始蛇的方向ps->_food_weight = 10;//每个食物的分数ps->_sleep_time = 200;//每两次打印蛇身的间隔，也就是蛇身的速度ps->_sorce = 0;//初始总分数ps->_status = OK;//蛇的初始状态
}void CreateFood(pSnake ps)
{int x = 0;int y = 0;
again:	do{x = rand() % 53 + 2;//我们要的x坐标值介于2~54间，任意数%53得到的值介于0~52，加上2就在2~56范围y = rand() % 25 + 1;//我们要的y坐标值介于1~25间，任意数%25得到的值介于0~24，加上1就在1~25范围//随机数时间戳，根据时间计算的数据，由于时间是不可修改切没有相同时候的，所以它产生的数字被认为是随机数} while (x % 2 != 0);pSnakeNode cur = ps->_pSnake;//记录蛇头结点while (cur){if (x == cur->x && y == cur->y){goto again;}cur = cur->next;}//如果食物与蛇身上某一节点重合了，则回到again处重新生成pSnakeNode pFood = (pSnakeNode)malloc(sizeof(SnakeNode));//不重合就生成食物if (pFood == NULL){perror("malloc fail");exit(2);}pFood->x = x;pFood->y = y;pFood->next = NULL;SetPos(x, y);wprintf(L"%lc", FOOD);//在对应位置处打印食物ps->_pFood = pFood;
}void GameStart(pSnake ps)
{system("mode con cols=100 lines=30");system("title 贪吃蛇");HANDLE houtput = GetStdHandle(STD_OUTPUT_HANDLE);//隐藏光标CONSOLE_CURSOR_INFO CursorInfo;GetConsoleCursorInfo(houtput, &CursorInfo);CursorInfo.bVisible = false;SetConsoleCursorInfo(houtput, &CursorInfo);WelcomeToGame();CreateMap();InitSnake(ps);CreateFood(ps);}void PrintHelpInfo()
{SetPos(64, 14);wprintf(L"%ls", L"不能穿墙，不能咬到自己");SetPos(64, 16);wprintf(L"%ls", L"用 ↑. ↓ . ← . → 来控制蛇的移动");SetPos(64, 18);wprintf(L"%ls", L"按F3加速，F4减速");SetPos(64, 20);wprintf(L"%ls", L"按ESC退出游戏，按空格暂停游戏");SetPos(64, 24);wprintf(L"%ls", L"s_little_monster_倾情制作");
}#define KEY_PRESS(vk)  ((GetAsyncKeyState(vk)&1)?1:0)void Pause()
{while (1){Sleep(200);if (KEY_PRESS(VK_SPACE)){break;}}
}int NextIsFood(pSnakeNode pn,pSnake ps)
{return (ps->_pFood->x == pn->x && ps->_pFood->y == pn->y);//如果当前位置是食物则返回非0值，不是返回0
}void EatFood(pSnakeNode pn, pSnake ps)
{ps->_pFood->next = ps->_pSnake;ps->_pSnake = ps->_pFood;//吃掉食物，让食物成为蛇的头节点free(pn);//因为节点pn与节点_pFood是一个节点，所以free掉其中的一个pn = NULL;pSnakeNode cur = ps->_pSnake;while (cur){SetPos(cur->x, cur->y);wprintf(L"%lc", BODY);cur = cur->next;}//打印蛇身ps->_sorce += ps->_food_weight;//加分CreateFood(ps);//重新制造食物
}void NoFood(pSnakeNode pn, pSnake ps)
{pn->next = ps->_pSnake;ps->_pSnake = pn;//同EatFood，将下一节点成为头结点pSnakeNode cur = ps->_pSnake;while (cur->next->next != NULL){SetPos(cur->x, cur->y);wprintf(L"%lc", BODY);cur = cur->next;}//将除了尾节点以外的节点打印SetPos(cur->next->x, cur->next->y);printf("  ");//将尾节点打印为空格free(cur->next);//free掉尾节点cur->next = NULL;
}void KillBySelf(pSnake ps)
{pSnakeNode pur = ps->_pSnake->next;while (pur){//当此时的蛇头位置与蛇身某一节点重合时if (pur->x == ps->_pSnake->x && pur->y == ps->_pSnake->y){ps->_status = KILL_BY_SELF;//修改状态为 KILL_BY_SELFbreak;}pur = pur->next;}
}void KillByWall(pSnake ps)
{//当此时的蛇头位置与墙体重合时if (ps->_pSnake->x == 0 || ps->_pSnake->x == 56 || ps->_pSnake->y == 0 || ps->_pSnake->y == 26){ps->_status = KILL_BY_WALL;//修改状态为 KILL_BY_WALL}
}void SnakeMove(pSnake ps)
{pSnakeNode pNextNode = (pSnakeNode)malloc(sizeof(SnakeNode));//开辟预测的下一个节点if (pNextNode == NULL){perror("malloc fail");exit(3);}switch (ps->_dir)//用switch语句判断此时蛇的走向{case UP:pNextNode->x = ps->_pSnake->x;pNextNode->y = ps->_pSnake->y - 1;break;case DOWN:pNextNode->x = ps->_pSnake->x;pNextNode->y = ps->_pSnake->y + 1;break;case LEFT:pNextNode->x = ps->_pSnake->x - 2;//注意左右移动是加减2pNextNode->y = ps->_pSnake->y;break;case RIGHT:pNextNode->x = ps->_pSnake->x + 2;pNextNode->y = ps->_pSnake->y;break;}if (NextIsFood(pNextNode, ps)){EatFood(pNextNode,ps);}else{NoFood(pNextNode, ps);}//判断下一个位置是否为食物，是则进入EatFood，不是则进入NoFoodKillBySelf(ps);KillByWall(ps);//检查是否撞到自己或墙而死亡
}void GameRun(pSnake ps)
{PrintHelpInfo();//游戏玩法帮助打印do{SetPos(64, 10);printf("总分数：%d\n", ps->_sorce);SetPos(64, 11);printf("当前食物的分数：%2d\n", ps->_food_weight);//检测键是否被按下if (KEY_PRESS(VK_UP) && ps->_dir != DOWN){ps->_dir = UP;}else if (KEY_PRESS(VK_DOWN) && ps->_dir != UP){ps->_dir = DOWN;}else if (KEY_PRESS(VK_LEFT) && ps->_dir != RIGHT){ps->_dir = LEFT;}else if (KEY_PRESS(VK_RIGHT) && ps->_dir != LEFT){ps->_dir = RIGHT;}else if (KEY_PRESS(VK_SPACE)){Pause();//暂停，等待再按下空格继续}else if (KEY_PRESS(VK_ESCAPE)){ps->_status = END_NORMAL;}else if (KEY_PRESS(VK_F3))//F3为加速，休眠时间变少也就是蛇的速度变快，每个食物分数增加2{if(ps->_sleep_time > 80)//速度不能太快{ps->_sleep_time -= 30;ps->_food_weight += 2;}}else if (KEY_PRESS(VK_F4))//F4为减速，休眠时间变多也就是蛇的速度变慢，每个食物分数减少2{if(ps->_food_weight > 2)//食物分数要在2分以上{ps->_sleep_time += 30;ps->_food_weight -= 2;}}SnakeMove(ps);//蛇每走一步要进行的活动Sleep(ps->_sleep_time);//走一步休眠的时间，也就是蛇的速度} while (ps->_status == OK);//当游戏状态为OK时循环继续
}void GameEnd(pSnake ps)
{SetPos(24, 12);switch (ps->_status){case END_NORMAL:wprintf(L"主动结束游戏");break;case KILL_BY_SELF:wprintf(L"撞到自己了,游戏结束");break;case KILL_BY_WALL:wprintf(L"撞到墙了，游戏结束");break;}pSnakeNode pur = ps->_pSnake;while (pur){pSnakeNode del = pur;pur = pur->next;free(del);}
}

game.h

#include "snake.h"
#include <locale.h>
void test()
{int c = 0;do{system("cls");Snake snake = { 0 };GameStart(&snake);GameRun(&snake);GameEnd(&snake);SetPos(20, 15);printf("再来一局吗?(Y/N):");c = getchar();while (getchar() != '\n');} while (c == 'Y');SetPos(0, 27);
}int main()
{setlocale(LC_ALL, "");//本地化srand((unsigned int)time(NULL));//时间戳随机数test();return 0;
}

实际运行

贪吃蛇的实际运行

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今日分享就到这里了~