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springsecurity入门登录授权

news 文章来源：https://blog.csdn.net/weixin_42383680/article/details/139005496 2025/5/7 9:22:23

①我们需要自定义登陆接口，也就是在controller目录新建LoginController类，在controller方法里面去调用service接口，在service接口实现AuthenticationManager去进行用户的认证，注意，我们定义的controller方法要让SpringSecurity对这个接口放行(如果不放行的话，会被SpringSecurity拦截)，让用户访问这个接口的时候不用登录也能访问。

②在service接口中我们通过AuthenticationManager的authenticate方法来进行用户认证,所以需要在SecurityConfig中配置把AuthenticationManager注入容器

③认证成功的话要生成一个jwt，放入响应中返回。并且为了让用户下回请求时能通过jwt识别出具体的是哪个用户，我们需要把用户信息存入redis，可以把用户id作为key。

JwtAuthenticationTokenFilter过滤器类

package com.sangeng.filter;import com.sangeng.domain.LoginUser;
import com.sangeng.utils.JwtUtil;
import com.sangeng.utils.RedisCache;
import io.jsonwebtoken.Claims;
import org.springframework.beans.factory.annotation.Autowired;
import org.springframework.security.authentication.UsernamePasswordAuthenticationToken;
import org.springframework.security.core.context.SecurityContextHolder;
import org.springframework.stereotype.Component;
import org.springframework.util.StringUtils;
import org.springframework.web.filter.OncePerRequestFilter;import javax.servlet.FilterChain;
import javax.servlet.ServletException;
import javax.servlet.http.HttpServletRequest;
import javax.servlet.http.HttpServletResponse;
import java.io.IOException;
import java.util.Objects;@Component
public class JwtAuthenticationTokenFilter extends OncePerRequestFilter {@Autowiredprivate RedisCache redisCache;@Overrideprotected void doFilterInternal(HttpServletRequest request, HttpServletResponse response, FilterChain filterChain) throws ServletException, IOException {//获取tokenString token = request.getHeader("token");if (!StringUtils.hasText(token)) {//放行filterChain.doFilter(request, response);return;}//解析tokenString userid;try {Claims claims = JwtUtil.parseJWT(token);userid = claims.getSubject();} catch (Exception e) {e.printStackTrace();throw new RuntimeException("token非法");}//从redis中获取用户信息String redisKey = "login:" + userid;LoginUser loginUser = redisCache.getCacheObject(redisKey);if(Objects.isNull(loginUser)){throw new RuntimeException("用户未登录");}//存入SecurityContextHolder//TODO 获取权限信息封装到Authentication中UsernamePasswordAuthenticationToken authenticationToken =new UsernamePasswordAuthenticationToken(loginUser,null,loginUser.getAuthorities());SecurityContextHolder.getContext().setAuthentication(authenticationToken);//放行filterChain.doFilter(request, response);}
}

在 LoginController类添加如下

package com.sangeng.controller;import com.sangeng.domain.ResponseResult;
import com.sangeng.domain.User;
import com.sangeng.service.LoginServcie;
import org.springframework.beans.factory.annotation.Autowired;
import org.springframework.web.bind.annotation.PostMapping;
import org.springframework.web.bind.annotation.RequestBody;
import org.springframework.web.bind.annotation.RestController;@RestController
public class LoginController {@Autowiredprivate LoginServcie loginServcie;@PostMapping("/user/login")public ResponseResult login(@RequestBody User user){//登录return loginServcie.login(user);}
}

在service目录新建 LoginService 接口

package com.huanf.service;import com.huanf.domain.ResponseResult;
import com.huanf.domain.User;
import org.springframework.stereotype.Service;/*** @author 35238* @date 2023/7/12 0012 11:45*/
@Service
public interface LoginService {ResponseResult login(User user);
}

LoginUser类

package com.sangeng.domain;import com.alibaba.fastjson.annotation.JSONField;
import lombok.AllArgsConstructor;
import lombok.Data;
import lombok.NoArgsConstructor;
import org.springframework.security.core.GrantedAuthority;
import org.springframework.security.core.authority.SimpleGrantedAuthority;
import org.springframework.security.core.userdetails.UserDetails;import java.util.ArrayList;
import java.util.Collection;
import java.util.List;
import java.util.stream.Collectors;@Data
@NoArgsConstructor
public class LoginUser implements UserDetails {private User user;private List<String> permissions;public LoginUser(User user, List<String> permissions) {this.user = user;this.permissions = permissions;}@JSONField(serialize = false)private List<SimpleGrantedAuthority> authorities;@Overridepublic Collection<? extends GrantedAuthority> getAuthorities() {if(authorities!=null){return authorities;}authorities = permissions.stream().map(SimpleGrantedAuthority::new).collect(Collectors.toList());return authorities;}@Overridepublic String getPassword() {return user.getPassword();}@Overridepublic String getUsername() {return user.getUserName();}@Overridepublic boolean isAccountNonExpired() {return true;}@Overridepublic boolean isAccountNonLocked() {return true;}@Overridepublic boolean isCredentialsNonExpired() {return true;}@Overridepublic boolean isEnabled() {return true;}
}

在LoginServiceImpl类添加如下

package com.sangeng.service.impl;import com.sangeng.domain.LoginUser;
import com.sangeng.domain.ResponseResult;
import com.sangeng.domain.User;
import com.sangeng.service.LoginServcie;
import com.sangeng.utils.JwtUtil;
import com.sangeng.utils.RedisCache;
import org.springframework.beans.factory.annotation.Autowired;
import org.springframework.security.authentication.AuthenticationManager;
import org.springframework.security.authentication.UsernamePasswordAuthenticationToken;
import org.springframework.security.core.Authentication;
import org.springframework.stereotype.Service;import java.util.HashMap;
import java.util.Map;
import java.util.Objects;@Service
public class LoginServiceImpl implements LoginServcie {@Autowiredprivate AuthenticationManager authenticationManager;@Autowiredprivate RedisCache redisCache;@Overridepublic ResponseResult login(User user) {//AuthenticationManager authenticate进行用户认证UsernamePasswordAuthenticationToken authenticationToken = new UsernamePasswordAuthenticationToken(user.getUserName(),user.getPassword());Authentication authenticate = authenticationManager.authenticate(authenticationToken);//如果认证没通过，给出对应的提示if(Objects.isNull(authenticate)){throw new RuntimeException("登录失败");}//如果认证通过了，使用userid生成一个jwt jwt存入ResponseResult返回LoginUser loginUser = (LoginUser) authenticate.getPrincipal();String userid = loginUser.getUser().getId().toString();String jwt = JwtUtil.createJWT(userid);Map<String,String> map = new HashMap<>();map.put("token",jwt);//把完整的用户信息存入redis  userid作为keyredisCache.setCacheObject("login:"+userid,loginUser);return new ResponseResult(200,"登录成功",map);}}

UserDetailsServiceImpl implements UserDetailsService

package com.sangeng.service.impl;import com.baomidou.mybatisplus.core.conditions.query.LambdaQueryWrapper;
import com.sangeng.domain.LoginUser;
import com.sangeng.domain.User;
import com.sangeng.mapper.MenuMapper;
import com.sangeng.mapper.UserMapper;
import org.springframework.beans.factory.annotation.Autowired;
import org.springframework.security.core.userdetails.UserDetails;
import org.springframework.security.core.userdetails.UserDetailsService;
import org.springframework.security.core.userdetails.UsernameNotFoundException;
import org.springframework.stereotype.Service;import java.util.ArrayList;
import java.util.Arrays;
import java.util.List;
import java.util.Objects;@Service
public class UserDetailsServiceImpl implements UserDetailsService {@Autowiredprivate UserMapper userMapper;@Autowiredprivate MenuMapper menuMapper;@Overridepublic UserDetails loadUserByUsername(String username) throws UsernameNotFoundException {//查询用户信息LambdaQueryWrapper<User> queryWrapper = new LambdaQueryWrapper<>();queryWrapper.eq(User::getUserName,username);User user = userMapper.selectOne(queryWrapper);//如果没有查询到用户就抛出异常if(Objects.isNull(user)){throw new RuntimeException("用户名或者密错误");}//        List<String> list = new ArrayList<>(Arrays.asList("system:dept:list","admin"));List<String> list = menuMapper.selectPermsByUserId(user.getId());//把数据封装成UserDetails返回return new LoginUser(user,list);}
}

配置类SecurityConfig

package com.sangeng.config;import com.sangeng.filter.JwtAuthenticationTokenFilter;
import org.springframework.beans.factory.annotation.Autowired;
import org.springframework.context.annotation.Bean;
import org.springframework.context.annotation.Configuration;
import org.springframework.security.authentication.AuthenticationManager;
import org.springframework.security.config.annotation.method.configuration.EnableGlobalMethodSecurity;
import org.springframework.security.config.annotation.web.builders.HttpSecurity;
import org.springframework.security.config.annotation.web.configuration.WebSecurityConfigurerAdapter;
import org.springframework.security.config.http.SessionCreationPolicy;
import org.springframework.security.crypto.bcrypt.BCryptPasswordEncoder;
import org.springframework.security.crypto.password.PasswordEncoder;
import org.springframework.security.web.authentication.UsernamePasswordAuthenticationFilter;@Configuration
@EnableGlobalMethodSecurity(prePostEnabled = true)
public class SecurityConfig extends WebSecurityConfigurerAdapter {//创建BCryptPasswordEncoder注入容器@Beanpublic PasswordEncoder passwordEncoder(){return new BCryptPasswordEncoder();}@Autowiredprivate JwtAuthenticationTokenFilter jwtAuthenticationTokenFilter;@Overrideprotected void configure(HttpSecurity http) throws Exception {http//关闭csrf.csrf().disable()//不通过Session获取SecurityContext.sessionManagement().sessionCreationPolicy(SessionCreationPolicy.STATELESS).and().authorizeRequests()// 对于登录接口 允许匿名访问.antMatchers("/user/login").anonymous()
//                .antMatchers("/testCors").hasAuthority("system:dept:list222")// 除上面外的所有请求全部需要鉴权认证.anyRequest().authenticated();//添加过滤器http.addFilterBefore(jwtAuthenticationTokenFilter, UsernamePasswordAuthenticationFilter.class);}@Bean@Overridepublic AuthenticationManager authenticationManagerBean() throws Exception {return super.authenticationManagerBean();}
}

MenuMapper接口

package com.sangeng.mapper;import com.baomidou.mybatisplus.core.mapper.BaseMapper;
import com.sangeng.domain.Menu;import java.util.List;public interface MenuMapper extends BaseMapper<Menu> {List<String> selectPermsByUserId(Long userid);
}

MenuMapper.xml

<?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8" ?>
<!DOCTYPE mapper PUBLIC "-//mybatis.org//DTD Mapper 3.0//EN" "http://mybatis.org/dtd/mybatis-3-mapper.dtd" >
<mapper namespace="com.sangeng.mapper.MenuMapper"><select id="selectPermsByUserId" resultType="java.lang.String">SELECTDISTINCT m.`perms`FROMsys_user_role urLEFT JOIN `sys_role` r ON ur.`role_id` = r.`id`LEFT JOIN `sys_role_menu` rm ON ur.`role_id` = rm.`role_id`LEFT JOIN `sys_menu` m ON m.`id` = rm.`menu_id`WHEREuser_id = #{userid}AND r.`status` = 0AND m.`status` = 0</select>
</mapper>

第一步: 在你数据库的security 库，新建 sys_menu权限表、sys_role角色表、sys_role_menu中间表、sys_user_role中间表，并插入数据

create database if not exists security;
use security;
CREATE TABLE `sys_menu` (`id` bigint(20) NOT NULL AUTO_INCREMENT,`menu_name` varchar(64) NOT NULL DEFAULT 'NULL' COMMENT '菜单名',`path` varchar(200) DEFAULT NULL COMMENT '路由地址',`component` varchar(255) DEFAULT NULL COMMENT '组件路径',`visible` char(1) DEFAULT '0' COMMENT '菜单状态（0显示 1隐藏）',`status` char(1) DEFAULT '0' COMMENT '菜单状态（0正常 1停用）',`perms` varchar(100) DEFAULT NULL COMMENT '权限标识',`icon` varchar(100) DEFAULT '#' COMMENT '菜单图标',`create_by` bigint(20) DEFAULT NULL,`create_time` datetime DEFAULT NULL,`update_by` bigint(20) DEFAULT NULL,`update_time` datetime DEFAULT NULL,`del_flag` int(11) DEFAULT '0' COMMENT '是否删除（0未删除 1已删除）',`remark` varchar(500) DEFAULT NULL COMMENT '备注',PRIMARY KEY (`id`)
) ENGINE=InnoDB AUTO_INCREMENT=2 DEFAULT CHARSET=utf8mb4 COMMENT='权限表';CREATE TABLE `sys_role` (`id` bigint(20) NOT NULL AUTO_INCREMENT,`name` varchar(128) DEFAULT NULL,`role_key` varchar(100) DEFAULT NULL COMMENT '角色权限字符串',`status` char(1) DEFAULT '0' COMMENT '角色状态（0正常 1停用）',`del_flag` int(1) DEFAULT '0' COMMENT 'del_flag',`create_by` bigint(200) DEFAULT NULL,`create_time` datetime DEFAULT NULL,`update_by` bigint(200) DEFAULT NULL,`update_time` datetime DEFAULT NULL,`remark` varchar(500) DEFAULT NULL COMMENT '备注',PRIMARY KEY (`id`)
) ENGINE=InnoDB AUTO_INCREMENT=3 DEFAULT CHARSET=utf8mb4 COMMENT='角色表';CREATE TABLE `sys_role_menu` (`role_id` bigint(200) NOT NULL AUTO_INCREMENT COMMENT '角色ID',`menu_id` bigint(200) NOT NULL DEFAULT '0' COMMENT '菜单id',PRIMARY KEY (`role_id`,`menu_id`)
) ENGINE=InnoDB AUTO_INCREMENT=2 DEFAULT CHARSET=utf8mb4;CREATE TABLE `sys_user_role` (`user_id` bigint(200) NOT NULL AUTO_INCREMENT COMMENT '用户id',`role_id` bigint(200) NOT NULL DEFAULT '0' COMMENT '角色id',PRIMARY KEY (`user_id`,`role_id`)
) ENGINE=InnoDB DEFAULT CHARSET=utf8mb4;insert into sys_user_role values (2,1);
insert into sys_role values
(1,'经理','ceo',0,0,default,default,default,default,default),
(2,'程序员','coder',0,0,default,default,default,default,default);
insert into sys_role_menu values (1,1),(1,2);
insert into sys_menu values
(1,'部门管理','dept','system/dept/index',0,0,'system:dept:list','#',default,default,default,default,default,default),
(2,'测试','test','system/test/index',0,0,'system:test:list','#',default,default,default,default,default,default)create database if not exists security;
use security;
CREATE TABLE `sys_user` (`id` BIGINT(20) NOT NULL AUTO_INCREMENT COMMENT '主键',`user_name` VARCHAR(64) NOT NULL DEFAULT 'NULL' COMMENT '用户名',`nick_name` VARCHAR(64) NOT NULL DEFAULT 'NULL' COMMENT '昵称',`password` VARCHAR(64) NOT NULL DEFAULT 'NULL' COMMENT '码',`status` CHAR(1) DEFAULT '0' COMMENT '账号状态（0正常 1停用）',`email` VARCHAR(64) DEFAULT NULL COMMENT '邮箱',`phonenumber` VARCHAR(32) DEFAULT NULL COMMENT '手机号',`sex` CHAR(1) DEFAULT NULL COMMENT '用户性别（0男，1女，2未知）',`avatar` VARCHAR(128) DEFAULT NULL COMMENT '头像',`user_type` CHAR(1) NOT NULL DEFAULT '1' COMMENT '用户类型（0管理员，1普通用户）',`create_by` BIGINT(20) DEFAULT NULL COMMENT '创建人的用户id',`create_time` DATETIME DEFAULT NULL COMMENT '创建时间',`update_by` BIGINT(20) DEFAULT NULL COMMENT '更新人',`update_time` DATETIME DEFAULT NULL COMMENT '更新时间',`del_flag` INT(11) DEFAULT '0' COMMENT '删除标志（0代表未删除，1代表已删除）',PRIMARY KEY (`id`)
) ENGINE=INNODB AUTO_INCREMENT=2 DEFAULT CHARSET=utf8mb4 COMMENT='用户表';insert into sys_user values (1,'admin','管理员','{noop}123456','0',DEFAULT,DEFAULT,DEFAULT,DEFAULT,'0',DEFAULT,DEFAULT,DEFAULT,DEFAULT,DEFAULT);
insert into sys_user values (2,'huanf','涣沷a靑惷','$2a$10$YPnG.IYUk0mMechaxSibBuKmNeTzvuHdcxkqvoxizsll6WCQG9CHG','0',DEFAULT,DEFAULT,DEFAULT,DEFAULT,'1',DEFAULT,DEFAULT,DEFAULT,DEFAULT,DEFAULT);

授权的基本流程

在SpringSecurity中，会使用默认的FilterSecurityInterceptor来进行权限校验。在FilterSecurityInterceptor中会从SecurityContextHolder获取其中的Authentication，然后获取其中的权限信息。当前用户是否拥有访问当前资源所需的权限

所以我们在项目中只需要把当前登录用户的权限信息也存入Authentication，然后设置我们的资源所需要的权限即可

自定义访问路径的权限

SpringSecurity为我们提供了基于注解的权限控制方案，这也是我们项目中主要采用的方式。我们可以使用注解去指定访问对应的资源所需的权限

第一步: 在SecurityConfig配置类添加如下，作用是开启相关配置

@EnableGlobalMethodSecurity(prePostEnabled = true)

HelloController类

package com.sangeng.controller;import com.sangeng.domain.ResponseResult;
import org.springframework.security.access.prepost.PreAuthorize;
import org.springframework.web.bind.annotation.RequestMapping;
import org.springframework.web.bind.annotation.RestController;@RestController
public class HelloController {@RequestMapping("/hello")@PreAuthorize("@ex.hasAuthority('system:dept:list222')")
//    @PreAuthorize("hasAnyAuthority('admin','test','system:dept:list')")
//    @PreAuthorize("hasRole('system:dept:list')")
//    @PreAuthorize("hasAnyRole('admin','sy stem:dept:list')")public ResponseResult hello(){return new ResponseResult(200,"hello");}
}

SGExpressionRoot.class 自定义权限类

package com.sangeng.expression;import com.sangeng.domain.LoginUser;
import org.springframework.security.core.Authentication;
import org.springframework.security.core.context.SecurityContextHolder;
import org.springframework.stereotype.Component;import java.util.List;@Component("ex")
public class SGExpressionRoot {public boolean hasAuthority(String authority){//获取当前用户的权限Authentication authentication = SecurityContextHolder.getContext().getAuthentication();LoginUser loginUser = (LoginUser) authentication.getPrincipal();List<String> permissions = loginUser.getPermissions();//判断用户权限集合中是否存在authorityreturn permissions.contains(authority);}
}

springsecurity入门登录授权

授权的基本流程

自定义访问路径的权限

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